Digital Apollo: Human and Machine in Spaceflight
by David A. Mindell · 3 Apr 2008 · 377pp · 21,687 words
out of a closet). A number of Apollo participants generously gave their time for a series of group oral history interviews: Ramon Alonso, Dave Bates, Hugh Blair-Smith, Ed Blondin, Herb Briss, Ed Copps, Ed Duggan, Cline Frasier, Joe Gavin, John Green, Eldon Hall, Margaret Hamilton, David Hanley, David Hoag, Alex Kosmala,
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even create its department as part of electrical engineering until 1968), the IL group included people like Alex Kosmala and Margaret Hamilton. Hamilton, one of the few women engineers in all of the Apollo program, had a mathematics degree and had already worked as a programmer on the SAGE air defense system at
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Science and Technology (HRST) project on the World Wide Web are referenced in the text as follows: HRST1 (Apollo Guidance Computer) Ramon Alonso, Dan Lickly, Joe Gavin, David Hoag, Cline Frasier, Eldon Hall, Margaret Hamilton, Fred Martin, group oral history interview by David Mindell, Alexander F. Brown, and Slava Gerovitch, Cambridge, Mass.,
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July 27, 2001. HRST2 (Software and Simulation) Alex Kosmala, Jim Miller, Herb Thaler, Ramon Alonso, Margaret Hamilton, Dan Lickly, Fred Martin, group oral history interview by David Mindell, Alexander F. Brown, and Slava Gerovitch, Cambridge, Mass., September 14, 2001. HRST3 (Manufacturing) Cline
Brotopia: Breaking Up the Boys' Club of Silicon Valley
by Emily Chang · 6 Feb 2018 · 334pp · 104,382 words
, three black women working as NASA mathematicians helped calculate the flight paths that put John Glenn into orbit. A woman, Margaret Hamilton, also headed up the team that wrote the code that plotted Apollo 11’s path to the moon. At the time, the term “programmer” had the negative connotation of referring to
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McMillan, “Her Code Got Humans on the Moon—and Invented Software Itself,” Wired, Oct. 13, 2015, https://www.wired.com/2015/10/margaret-hamilton-nasa-apollo. the term “programmer”: Rose Eveleth, “Computer Programming Used to Be Women’s Work,” Smithsonian, Oct. 7, 2013, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/computer-programming-
Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution - 25th Anniversary Edition
by Steven Levy · 18 May 2010 · 598pp · 183,531 words
state. The machine was taken through its paces by the hackers that night, and worked fine. But the next day an Officially Sanctioned User named Margaret Hamilton showed up on the ninth floor to work on something called a Vortex Model for a weather-simulation project she was working on
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. Margaret Hamilton was just beginning a programming career, which would see her eventually in charge of onboard computers on the Apollo moon shot, and the Vortex program at that time was a very big program for her
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collective personality in her memory: one unkempt, though polite, young male whose love for the computer had made him lose all reason. The assembler that Margaret Hamilton used with her Vortex program was not the hacker-written MIDAS assembler, but the DEC-supplied DECAL system that the hackers considered absolutely horrid. So
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to a greater degree by the slight forward voltage drop created by the addition of two diodes between the add line and the store line. Margaret Hamilton, of course, was unaware that the PDP-1 had undergone surgery the previous night. So she did not immediately know the reason why her Vortex
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with the DECAL assembler . . . broke. Stopped working. Died. Mysteriously, a perfectly good program had bombed. Though programs often did that for various reasons, this time Margaret Hamilton complained about it, and someone looked into why, and someone else fingered the Midnight Computer Wiring Society. So there were repercussions. Reprimands. That was not
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a hands-on postgraduate course on logic design and hardware skills. Partially because Nelson and the others got good enough so disasters like the Great Margaret Hamilton Program Clobber were less likely to occur, the official AI lab ban against hardware tampering gradually faded away to the status of one of those
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French, Martin Garetz, Harry Garland, Richard Garriott, Lou Gary, Bill Gates, Bill Godbout, Vincent Golden, Dave Gordon, Ralph Gorin, Dan Gorlin, Bill Gosper, Richard Greenblatt, Margaret Hamilton, Eric Hammond, John Harris, Brian Harvey, Ted Hoff, Kevin Hunt, Chris Iden, Jerry Jewell, Robert Kahn, David Kidwell, Gary Kildall, Tom Knight, Joanne Koltnow, Alan
Human Frontiers: The Future of Big Ideas in an Age of Small Thinking
by Michael Bhaskar · 2 Nov 2021
the postwar decades. At one stage the Apollo programme and its computing partner, the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, was buying 60 per cent of all chips manufactured in America, an invaluable industry boost when demand elsewhere was only nascent. The lab's Software Engineering Division, under Margaret Hamilton, which developed on-board software for
Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems
by Betsy Beyer, Chris Jones, Jennifer Petoff and Niall Richard Murphy · 15 Apr 2016 · 719pp · 181,090 words
world’s last alchemist. And taking the historical view, who, then, looking back, might be the first SRE? We like to think that Margaret Hamilton, working on the Apollo program on loan from MIT, had all of the significant traits of the first SRE.5 In her own words, “part of the culture
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to Cian Synnott, original book team member and co-conspirator, who left Google before this project was completed but was deeply influential to it, and Margaret Hamilton, who so graciously allowed us to reference her story in our preface. Additionally, we would like to extend special thanks to Shylaja Nukala, who generously
Gnomon
by Nick Harkaway · 18 Oct 2017 · 778pp · 239,744 words
” would appear to be her drift. I saw a picture of her house, though. Very nice. All dishevelled and folksy, Greenham Common as styled by Margaret Hamilton. Just how I like my girls.’ Tubman is married, to a stern and fashionable Venezuelan doctor whom he adores. The Inspector rolls her eyes at
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are hung with keys. Or rather, just one key: the key to Firespine. She remembers Lönnrot’s hand on the frame of the picture of Margaret Hamilton. She should have known, and she would have, but there was just so much going on, informational overload being Hunter’s métier. Steganography is all
12 Bytes: How We Got Here. Where We Might Go Next
by Jeanette Winterson · 15 Mar 2021 · 256pp · 73,068 words
a computer glitch was called a bug. The term ‘debugging’ soon followed. Women have a way with words. Margaret Hamilton, who headed the 350-person team that developed the software system for the Apollo 11 project, coined the term ‘software engineer’ to describe her work role. It hadn’t been described before because
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are probably men). It’s not hard to do the gender-maths here. We are only recently learning about Ada Lovelace, Grace Hopper, Katherine Johnson, Margaret Hamilton, Stephanie Shirley, the women at Bletchley Park. Listening to the ahistorical, fact-free-free-speech ‘heroes’ telling us that women just don’t want to
Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World
by Clive Thompson · 26 Mar 2019 · 499pp · 144,278 words
trying to use the machines to get important research work done. One of the latter was Margaret Hamilton, a young MIT coder who would later become a famous programmer engineering mission-critical NASA systems, helping to land Apollo missions safely on the moon. Back in those early MIT days, she was trying to
QI: The Second Book of General Ignorance
by Lloyd, John and Mitchinson, John · 7 Oct 2010 · 469pp · 97,582 words
the six-month shoot hazardous for the actors. The lights heated the set to a stifling 38 °C and eventually caused a fire in which Margaret Hamilton (the Wicked Witch of the West) was badly burned. The cast had to eat liquidised food through straws because their thick colour face make-up