by Mark Kenyon · 2 Dec 2019 · 267pp · 85,265 words
bag later that night, I marveled at how lucky we were and thought of a line from one of Bob Marshall’s Forest Service colleagues, Aldo Leopold, a public-land forefather in his own right. “I am glad I shall never be young without wild country to be young in,” he said
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that we were officially entering the Bob Marshall Wilderness, which was encompassed within the national forest we’d passed through. Bob Marshall and his colleague Aldo Leopold, less than a hundred years prior, had been some of the first and most acclaimed supporters of a designated wilderness area. Both having worked for
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new generation of advocates, inspired by Pinchot, Roosevelt, and Muir, conspired to leave their unique mark on the young movement. Men like Bob Marshall and Aldo Leopold championed the revelatory idea that, in some cases, the best use for the nation’s land might not involve extracting natural resources or development. They
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related to public lands during the New Deal era—debates that included Bob Marshall; President Franklin Roosevelt and his secretary of the interior, Harold Ickes; Aldo Leopold; and the eventual originator of the Appalachian Trail, Benton MacKaye. Roosevelt’s CCC projects had put hundreds of thousands of men to work and made
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spot stands one small victory for the primitive. Weeks after their own national park visit, and after plenty of brainstorming and debating, Marshall, Benton MacKaye, Aldo Leopold, and several other ambitious conservationists decided they would create a national organization whose goal was to lobby for the preservation of wilderness. They called it
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as much as the purple mountain peaks and sparkling river—were part of what made these wild lands so special. In A Sand County Almanac, Aldo Leopold wrote that “only those able to see the pageant of evolution can be expected to value its theatre, the wilderness, or its outstanding achievement, the
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waterfowl habitat, which marked the beginning of what some nicknamed his New Deal for Wildlife. FDR soon organized the Committee on Wildlife Restoration, which included Aldo Leopold as one of its three committee members. Leopold’s newly published book, Game Management, was quickly becoming the bible of wildlife management in America, and
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, written highly acclaimed books, and become a prominent voice in the forestry profession. Along the way, he’d collaborated with famed conservationists like Gifford Pinchot, Aldo Leopold, and President Franklin Roosevelt; played a key role in sparking the movement for the preservation of wilderness on American public lands; and cofounded the organization
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portion of wilderness against the march of industry and technology—largely came to fruition because of the landmark work done by the organization he and Aldo Leopold founded, the Wilderness Society. And Leopold continued his efforts to ensure public lands and wild places were protected as well. After leaving government service, he
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umbrella of clearest blue. A worthy monument indeed. PICTURED ROCKS NATIONAL LAKESHORE Chapter VII FAMILY In the immediate years after the era of Bob Marshall, Aldo Leopold, and FDR, the public-lands pendulum swung back again. Seemingly overnight, the growth of the public-land system slowed and the development of the nation
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mandates of the Wilderness Act of 1964—one of the landmark accomplishments of the era and the culmination of the work started decades earlier by Aldo Leopold and Bob Marshall. Beaver Basin was designated as an 11,740-acre portion of the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore that would remain roadless and unmarred
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protected as national parks, monuments, and forests; wildlife refuges; and BLM lands—and each of those designations afforded different levels of protection, management, and development. Aldo Leopold and Bob Marshall had been instrumental in the creation of the L-20 and U-Regulations, which were the first steps toward wilderness protection in
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be a stop-gap measure ensuring that future generations would have some small wild places left to experience. The primary argument, similar to the one Aldo Leopold first made in the 1920s, was that wilderness provided value via recreational opportunities—hiking, fishing, hunting, camping, and wildlife viewing. But newer arguments were also
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its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does not remain.” The dreams of John Muir, Theodore Roosevelt, Aldo Leopold, Bob Marshall, and so many others were sealed into the country’s law. And the landscapes Andy and I enjoyed in Montana, and that my
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a political football, thrown back and forth, protected and cherished by some, lusted after as a resource by others. The wilderness areas dreamt of by Aldo Leopold and Bob Marshall, and ultimately created in part by Stewart Udall, were viewed as a grand triumph by some groups and antithetical to the livelihoods
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had sought the greatest good for the greatest number. I remembered the idealistic wilderness dreams that Bob Marshall chased and then brought to life, and Aldo Leopold’s eloquent call to enter into community with the natural world. I recalled the steady resolve Franklin Roosevelt showed in the face of great political
by Roger Scruton · 30 Apr 2014 · 426pp · 118,913 words
kind of fascist.1 American environmentalism incorporates the nature worship of John Muir, the radical individualism of Thoreau, the transcendentalism of Emerson, the ‘ecocentrism’ of Aldo Leopold and the social conservatism of the Southern Agrarians – a group of writers typified by the nostalgic poet Allen Tate, and represented in our day by
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the environmental movement on the left has been more closely associated with this localized form of action – as in the followers of Richard Jefferies and Aldo Leopold. Although eager to combine environmental rectitude with egalitarian distribution, this quieter leftism has avoided overt politics, and sought for those places on the edge of
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has hitherto held our species captive is somehow left behind, to be replaced by reasoning that is ‘biocentric’ (E. O. Wilson), ‘geocentric’ (James Lovelock), ‘ecocentric’ (Aldo Leopold, Holmes Rolston, Arne Naess) or even ‘physiocentric’ (Meyer-Abich). The literature here is vast; much of it is also tortured, and in a peculiar way
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way that it might be wrong to use a canvas by Rembrandt to put out a dangerous fire, when there is nothing else to hand? Aldo Leopold famously declared, in ‘The Land Ethic’, that ‘a thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community
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people because it reformulates the environmental question as one about the earth and its needs, rather than people and their appetites. Thinkers like Lovelock and Aldo Leopold offer a geocentric perspective, in place of the anthropocentric perspective of the environmental economists. They appeal both to those in search of sacred things, and
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, devoted to visiting and protecting the unspoiled hinterlands and to defending wildlife from the adverse effects of civilization. Among the founders of the Society were Aldo Leopold, whose writings in defence of ‘ecocentrism’ inspired a whole generation of environmentalists after the Second World War, and Benton MacKaye, originator of the Appalachian Trail
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and Roger Scruton, eds., Town and Country, London, 1999. 2 Wendell Berry, The Gift of Good Land: Further Essays Cultural and Agricultural, San Francisco, 1981; Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac and Sketches Here and There, New York, 1949. 3 I discuss Heidegger’s and Jonas’s views in Chapter 7. 4
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International Law, 18.1, 1993, pp. 251–79. Nature, Rolston argues, is protected not by its rights but by our rights to it. 215 See Aldo Leopold, ‘The Ecological Conscience’, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 3, July 1948, pp. 109–12; Rolston, Philosophy Gone Wild. 216 Tim Scanlon, What We Owe
by Isabella Tree · 2 May 2018 · 473pp · 124,861 words
clears his range of wolves has not learned to think like a mountain. Hence we have dustbowls and rivers washing the future into the sea. Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac , 1949 Contents Timeline Map of the Knepp estate Introduction 1. Meeting a Remarkable Man under a Remarkable Tree 2. At Odds
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Secret of Grazing Animals One swallow does not make a summer, but one skein of geese, cleaving the murk of March thaw, is the Spring! Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac , 1948 Frans Vera’s book Grazing Ecology and Forest History was translated into English from the original Dutch in 2000, the
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the role of apex predators in the system – something that the father of modern conservation and, arguably, the first ‘rewilder’, the American author and ecologist Aldo Leopold, had identified half a century earlier. Yellowstone National Park has since become a flagship example of the rewilding movement in the States ever since it
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by marsh alone, therefore he must needs live marshless. Progress cannot abide that farmland and marshland, wild and tame, exist in mutual toleration and harmony. Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac , 1948 The autumn of 2000, the year we stumbled into rewilding, turned into the wettest since records began in 1766. The
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, most of Britain seems like a desert. It brings an aching sadness, a sense of loss and frustration articulated best by the great American conservationist Aldo Leopold almost a century ago: ‘One of the penalties of an ecological education is that one lives alone in a world of wounds.’ And yet, that
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been a huge source of encouragement and stimulation, as well as, invariably, tremendous fun. One does not ‘live alone in a world of wounds’, as Aldo Leopold said of an ecological education, if one can share experiences like these with likeminded people who are such positive forces for change. A huge thank
by Sonia Shah
is upon us,” one zoologist wrote in the New York Times. The starlings were “bad citizens,” and “undesirable aliens,” according to government officials.) The ecologist Aldo Leopold, a friend of Elton’s, railed against the “thoughtless importation of Mexican quail” and how they “diluted the hardy northern bobwhite blood in Massachusetts,” as
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’60s, scientists documented another knotty ecological phenomenon in nature, one that leading population biologists would call on to warn about the dangers posed by migration. Aldo Leopold, a friend of Elton’s, wrote the first reports about Kaibab in 1943. He called the episode the result of an “upset” in the “balance
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Republican representative from Iowa. Antimigrant politicians in the United States mostly refrained from discussing environmental problems of any kind. But antimigrant politicians in Europe, echoing Aldo Leopold, Garrett Hardin, and the other neo-Malthusian ecologists, openly denounced migrants for the environmental burden they supposedly exacted. The antimigrant politician Marine Le Pen planned
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managed the national parks as oases8 from the ravages of alien border crossers since the 1960s, when it heeded the advice of conservationists such as Aldo Leopold’s son, the zoologist A. Starker Leopold. He had recommended that the nation’s national parks “preserve, or where necessary … re-create the ecologic scene
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assimilation for the newcomers. The intruders had to be eradicated.18 It was a “nasty necessity,” Stanley Temple, an ecologist and science adviser to the Aldo Leopold Foundation, wrote in 1990. The team of scientists, wearing shorts and carrying axes and shovels, threaded their way through a tangle of jungle in the
by Michael Pollan · 15 Dec 2006 · 467pp · 503 words
bookshelf than having me fill out a whole bunch of forms." I asked him what was on his bookshelf. J. I. Rodale. Sir Albert Howard. Aldo Leopold. Wes Jackson. Wendell Berry. Louis Bromfield. The classic texts of organic agriculture and American agrarianism. "We never called ourselves organic—we call ourselves 'beyond organic
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in any experience that reminds us of our dependency on the soil-plant-animal-man food chain, and of the fundamental organization of the biota," Aldo Leopold wrote in A Sand County Almanac. He was talking specifically about hunting, but the same might be said of gardening or hunting for mushrooms. "Civilization
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end until the animal arrives at the table. "For one creature to mourn the death of another is a new thing under the sun," wrote Aldo Leopold, himself a deeply conflicted hunter. It is a very good thing indeed, he suggests, but we would do well to recognize just how new it
by William Cronon · 2 Nov 2009 · 918pp · 260,504 words
land as a biotic mechanism. We can be ethical only in relation to something we can see, feel, understand, love, or otherwise have faith in. —ALDO LEOPOLD, A Sand County Almanac (1949) Contents MAPS AND GRAPHS PREFACE PROLOGUE: Cloud over Chicago PART I TO BE THE CENTRAL CITY 1: Dreaming the Metropolis
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to them in footnotes. In my own case, notes cannot adequately acknowledge how much I have learned from reading the likes of Raymond Williams or Aldo Leopold or David Potter or Carl Sauer or even Frederick Jackson Turner or Karl Marx. But these acknowledgments would be radically incomplete if I did not
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people and land. . . . Is history taught in this spirit? It will be, once the concept of land as a community really penetrates our intellectual life. —Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (1949)1 Growing up in Wisconsin in the 1960s, I found it easy not to think much about Chicago, except as
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were the incidents, and not the necessities, of our embryo city. Chicago is but the index of the prosperity of our agricultural classes.” EPILOGUE 1.Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac and Sketches Here and There (1949), 203, 205, 207. 2.Ralph, Our Great West, 28. 3.Robert Harris to George H
by Naomi Klein · 15 Sep 2014 · 829pp · 229,566 words
Bacon’s casting of the earth as an inert machine whose mysteries could be mastered by the human mind. And almost a century after Thoreau, Aldo Leopold, whose book A Sand County Almanac was the touchstone for a second wave of environmentalists, similarly called for an ethic that “enlarges the boundaries of
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), 261–62. 50. Bradford Torrey, ed., The Writings of Henry David Thoreau: Journal, September 16, 1851–April 30, 1852 (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1906), 165; Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1949), 171; FOOTNOTE: Henry David Thoreau, Walden (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1910), 393–94. 51. Leopold
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, A Sand Counrty Almanac, 171; Jay N. Darling to Aldo Leopold, November 20, 1935, Aldo Leopold Archives, University of Wisconsin Digital Collections. 52. Rachel Carson, Silent Spring (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1962), 57, 68, 297. 53. Ibid., 297. 54
by Jackson Lears
that, we have reason to hope, is already happening. Epilogue: A Fierce Green Fire SOON AFTER HE graduated from the Yale Forestry School in 1909, Aldo Leopold headed for Arizona to take a job with the U.S. Forest Service—the new federal agency charged with the (equally new) task of “wildlife
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the centrality of chance in human affairs, a reminder that every new deal contains the possibility of a wild card. * * * In 1929, a year after Aldo Leopold left the Forest Service, Ludwig Wittgenstein returned to Cambridge—the first time he had been there since before the war. Keynes was tense but glad
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to American Enterprise Institute, Dec. 5, 1996, www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/1996/19961205.htm. EPILOGUE: A FIERCE GREEN FIRE “We reached the old wolf”: Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac [1949] (reprint, 2020), 121–22. “Does life only make sense”: Jane Bennett, Vibrant Matter (2010), 53, 113, 119. “he pauses. I
by Andrew Heintzman, Evan Solomon and Eric Schlosser · 2 Feb 2009 · 323pp · 89,795 words
people in hopes of producing better food and giving farmers a bigger share of the grocery dollar. Fred Kirschenmann, of the University of Iowa’s Aldo Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, was also there. He would talk about wheat farmers who had converted their farms into bakeries. Groups of farmers who had
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relationships with the world and the living things around us. CREATING LASTING CHANGE, INSPIRING A SEA ETHIC In his 1949 book, A Sand County Almanac, Aldo Leopold articulated a framework for how we might consider our relationship with our environment. His idea: that our sense of community can extend beyond humanity to
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, Fall 1998. 37. Andrea Cimino, Humane Society of the United States, personal communication, 2004. 38. Matthew Scully, “The Last Gasps of the Fur Trade.” 39. Aldo Leopold, Sand County Almanac (New York: Ballantine Books, 1966). 40. Neil A. Campbell, Biology, third ed. (New York: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc., 1998). 41
by John de Graaf, David Wann, Thomas H Naylor and David Horsey · 1 Jan 2001 · 378pp · 102,966 words
a healthy universe of decomposers, we’d all be knee-deep in dinosaur bodies.) And we lose a way of knowing what’s right. Ecologist Aldo Leopold believed that “a thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it
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.Ibid., 71. 3. Chellis Glendinning, “Recovery from Western Civilization,” in Deep Ecology for the 21st Century, ed. George Sessions (Boston: Shambala Press, 1995), 37. 4. Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (New York: Ballantine Books, 1986), 24. 5. David Sobel in discussion with David Wann, October 2000. 6. David Sobel, Beyond Ecophobia
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