description: a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
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by Scott Gottlieb · 20 Sep 2021
collect data on all of the variables that they believed might influence COVID outcomes. Instead, the NIH supported its own clinical trial network, the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV), which took a more traditional approach to how the clinical trials were conducted, relying on carefully randomized studies that
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CNN, February 3, 2020. 18.World Health Organization, “Coronavirus,” February 12, 2020; and World Health Organization, “Updated WHO Recommendations for International Traffic in Relation to COVID-19 Outbreak,” February 29, 2020. 19.Sarah Owermohle and Adam Cancryn, “Top Health Officials Warn Senators More Wuhan Virus Cases Likely,” Politico, January 24, 2020. 20
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China Morning Post, March 11, 2020. 23.Reporters Without Borders, “Whistleblowing Doctor Missing After Criticizing Beijing’s Coronavirus Censorship,” April 14, 2020. 24.Jianxing Tan, “新冠肺炎"吹哨人"李文亮:真相最重要” [“Covid-19 “Whistleblower” Li Wenliang: the Truth is Most Important”], Caixin, January 31, 2020. 25.Lin Zehong, “‘Whistleblower’ of Wuhan Pneumonia: I Knew It Could Be ‘Person
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China Probably Allowed the Coronavirus to Spread Farther and Faster,” Washington Post, February 1, 2020. 31.Drew Hinshaw, Jeremy Page, and Betsy McKay, “Possible Early Covid-19 Cases in China Emerge during WHO Mission,” Wall Street Journal, February 10, 2021. 32.World Health Organization, “Strengthening Health Security by Implementing the International Health
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Regulations (2005): States Parties to the International Health Regulations (2005),” June 15, 2007. 33.Jane McMullen, “Covid-19: Five Days That Shaped the Outbreak,” BBC, January 26, 2021. 34.US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “International Health Regulations (IHR),” August 19, 2019
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10, 2020, 8:08 p.m. 43.Zhuang Pinghui, “Chinese Laboratory That First Shared Coronavirus Genome with World Ordered to Close for ‘Rectification,’ Hindering Its Covid-19 Research,” Southern China Morning Post, February 28, 2020, and Victoria Gill, “Coronavirus: Virus Provides Leaps in Scientific Understanding,” BBC, January 10, 2021. 44.Lisa
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Organization, “World Health Organization Declares Coronavirus a Global Health Emergency,” January 30, 2020. 50.Heritage Institute, “Virtual Event: One Year Later: Lessons from the Early COVID-19 Response,” January 14, 2021. 51.Cohen, “Mining Coronavirus Genomes for Clues to the Outbreak’s Origins.” 52.World Health Organization, “Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework,” May
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to Test Blinded the U.S. to Covid-19,” New York Times, April 1, 2020. 6.Bandler et al., “Inside the Fall of the CDC.” 7.Ibid. 8.Jennifer Hansler, Curt Merrill, and Isaac Yee, “The Many Times Trump Has Praised China’s Handling of the Coronavirus Pandemic,” CNN, May 19, 2020. That same
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Already.’” 28.Matt Markovich, “Seattle Flu Study Researchers Defy Federal, State Guidelines to ‘Save Lives,’” KOMO News, March 11, 2020. 29.“Additional Cases of COVID-19 in Washington State,” Washington State Department of Health press release, February 28, 2020, https://www.doh.wa.gov/Newsroom/Articles/ID/1103/Additional-Cases-of
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Community Dwelling Population of Spain: Nationwide Seroepidemiological Study,” British Medical Journal 371 (2020): m4509. 3.US National Institutes of Health, “Covid Treatment Guidelines: Overview of COVID-19,” December 17, 2020, https://www.covid19treatmentguide-lines.nih.gov/overview/. 4.Jason Leopold, “NIH FOIA Anthony Fauci Emails,” Buzzfeed, June 1, 2021. NBC News (@
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the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments to perform high complexity testing can develop and run their own tests. 9.Willman, “The CDC’s Failed Race Against Covid-19: A Threat Underestimated and a Test Overcomplicated.” 10.“Facilitating the Use of Medical Countermeasures in an Emergency: Project BioShield establishes the Emergency Use Authorization (
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to Investigative Team Explanation.” Chapter 7: The CDC Fails 1.US Food and Drug Administration, “Accelerated Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Summary ORIG3N 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Test (ORIG3N, INC.),” April 4, 2020, https://www.fda.gov/media/136873/download; and Ruth McBride, Marjorie van Zyl, and Burtram Fielding, “The Coronavirus
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to Help Expedite Availability of Diagnostics,” US Food and Drug Administration press release, February 29, 2020, https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-new-policy-help-expedite-availability-diagnostics. 38.Robinson Meyer and Alexis Madrigal, “The Dangerous Delays in U.S. Coronavirus Testing Haven’
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to Help Expedite Availability of Diagnostics,” US Food and Drug Administration press release, March 16, 2020, https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-provides-more-regulatory-relief-during-outbreak-continues-help. 49.Caroline Chen, Marshall Allen, and Lexi Churchill, “Internal Emails Show How Chaos at
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Stein, “Coronavirus Response Delayed Despite Health Officials’ Private Alarm,” USA Today, January 26, 2021. 54.Tim Dickinson, “The Four Men Responsible for America’s COVID-19 Test Disaster,” Rolling Stone, June 2020. 55.Murphy and Stein, “Coronavirus Response Delayed Despite Health Officials’ Private Alarm.” 56.This policy would be changed in
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confirmation. Because of their often extensive and close contact with vulnerable patients in healthcare settings, even mild signs and symptoms (e.g., sore throat) of COVID-19 should be evaluated among potentially exposed healthcare personnel.” See US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Updated Guidance on Evaluating and Testing Persons for Coronavirus
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Disease 2019 (COVID-19),” March 8, 2020. 57.The CDC ultimately made the virus available to test manufacturers through BEI Resources. The University of Texas said they could
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2020. 19.Ritter and Metz, “Nevada Reverses Ban on Rapid Tests after Federal Pushback.” 20.US Food and Drug Administration, “Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Takes Steps to Streamline Path for COVID-19 Screening Tools, Provides Information to Help Groups Establishing Testing Programs,” March 16, 2021, https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements
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/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-takes-steps-streamline-path-covid-19-screening-tools-provides. 21.“Trump Interrupts Health Officials: ‘Anybody That Wants a Test Can Get a Test,’” Washington Post, March 7, 2020.
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Options,” US National Institutes of Health press release, April 17, 2020, https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-launch-public-private-partnership-speed-covid-19-vaccine-treatment-options; and “Trump Administration Announces Framework and Leadership for ‘Operation Warp Speed,’” US Department of Health and Human Services press release, May
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s Denial, Mismanagement and Magical Thinking Led to the Pandemic’s Dark Winter,” Washington Post, December 19, 2020. 3.Lev Facher, “President Trump Just Declared the Coronavirus Pandemic a National Emergency. Here’s What That Means,” STAT, March 13, 2020. 4.Abutaleb et al., “The Inside Story of How Trump’s Denial, Mismanagement
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2020. 9.Facher, “President Trump Just Declared the Coronavirus Pandemic a National Emergency.” 10.Meridith McGraw and Caitlin Oprysko, “Inside the White House During ‘15 Days to Slow the Spread,’” Politico, March 29, 2020. 11.Lawrence Gostin and Lindsay Wiley, “Governmental Public Health Powers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Stay-at-Home Orders, Business Closures
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Anthes, “Three Feet or Six? Distancing Guideline for Schools Stirs Debate,” New York Times, March 16, 2021. 38.World Health Organization, “COVID-19: Physical Distancing,” https://www.who.int/westernpacific/emergencies/covid-19/information/physical-distancing. 39.William Booth, “Two Meters? One Meter Plus? Social Distancing Rules Prompt Fierce Debate in U.K.,” Washington
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2020. 24.Robinson Meyer and Alexis C. Madrigal, “Why the Pandemic Experts Failed,” Atlantic, March 15, 2021. 25.Sheryl Gay Stolberg, “‘Sole Source’ Contract for Covid-19 Database Draws Scrutiny From Democrats,” New York Times, August 14, 2020. 26.Patty Murray, “Murray Demands Answers Regarding Non-Competitive, Multimillion Dollar Contract for Duplicative
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Outpatient Health Care Facilities—United States, July 2020,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 69, no. 36 (2020): 1258–64. 29.Alicia Kelso, “Dining Out Increases COVID-19 Risk More than Other Activities, CDC Report Finds,” Restaurant Dive, September 11, 2020; and Molly Walker, “CDC: Dining Out Tied to Coronavirus Infection,” MedPage
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, March 28, 2020, https://www.heritage.org/asia/commentary/south-korea-provides-lessons-good-and-bad-coronavirus-response; and Joon-Young Song et al., “Covid-19 in South Korea—Challenges of Subclinical Manifestations,” New England Journal of Medicine 382 (2020): 1858–9. 11.The Korean regulatory process provides regulators flexibility in
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, February 28, 2004. 47.Sarah Karlin-Smith (@SarahKarlin), “This slide from @BARDA Acting Director Gary Disbrow is a good visual of US prioritizing funding for COVID-19 vaccines versus therapeutics,” Twitter, October 27, 2020, 10:18 a.m. 48.US Government Accountability Office, “Zika Supplemental Funding: Status of HHS Agencies’ Obligations,
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a Pandemic,” Wall Street Journal, June 21, 2020. 26.Ibid. 27.Nicholas J. DeVito, Michael Liu, and Jeffrey K Aronson, “COVID-19 Clinical Trials Report Card: Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine,” Oxford COVID-19 Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, May 11, 2020. 28.US Food and Drug Administration, “Electronic Reading Room: COVID,” May 11, 2021
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33.Christopher Rowland, Debbie Cenziper, and Lisa Rein, “White House Sidestepped FDA to Distribute Hydroxychloroquine to Pharmacies, Documents Show. Trump Touted the Pills to Treat Covid-19,” Washington Post, October 31, 2020. 34.Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, “HHS Accepts Donations of Medicine to Strategic National Stockpile as
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Pages/default.aspx 37.Rowland, Cenziper, and Rein, “White House Sidestepped FDA to Distribute Hydroxychloroquine to Pharmacies, Documents Show. Trump Touted the Pills to Treat Covid-19.” 38.US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, “Pharmacovigilance Memorandum: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine,” May 19, 2020
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Rowland, Cenziper, and Rein, “White House Sidestepped FDA to Distribute Hydroxychloroquine to Pharmacies, Documents Show. Trump Touted the Pills to Treat Covid-19.” 41.US Food and Drug Administration, “Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Revokes Emergency Use Authorization for Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine,” June 15, 2020, https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus
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-preparedness-plan-prepp-initiative. 47.Levin, “Biden’s Pandemic-Policy Challenge.” 48.Richard Harris, “FDA’s Hahn Apologizes for Overselling Plasma’s Benefits as a COVID-19 Treatment,” National Public Radio, August 25, 2020. 49.Steve Usdin, “FDA Documents Shed Light on Chaotic COVID Decision-making during Trump Administration,” Biocentury, May
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Virus,” ABC News, August 25, 2020. 54.US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, “Development and Licensure of Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19: Guidance for Industry,” January 2020, https://www.fda.gov/media/139638/download. 55.COVID Tracking Project, “The Long-Term Care COVID Tracker,” https://covidtracking.
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com/nursing-homes-long-term-care-facilities. 56.Ibid. 57.“Trump Administration Issues Call to Action Based on New Data Detailing COVID-19 Impacts on Medicare Beneficiaries,” US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services press release, June 22, 2020, https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/press-releases/trump-administration
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the Trump Administration’s Response to the Pandemic That Changed History (New York: HarperCollins, 2021). 12.Weiland et al., “Trump Was Sicker than Acknowledged with Covid-19.” 13.Kayleigh McEnany 45 Archived (@PressSec45), “A Wednesday update from President @realDonaldTrump’s physician: [Sean Conley Statement],” Twitter, October 7, 2020, 12:51 p
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Efficacy Endpoints,” Pfizer press release, November 18, 2020. 37.US Department of Health and Human Services, “Trump Administration Purchases Additional 100 Million Doses of COVID-19 Investigational Vaccine from Pfizer,” December 23, 2020. 38.“Moderna Announces it has Shipped Variant-Specific Vaccine Candidate, mRNA-1273.351, to NIH for Clinical Study
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and Coronavirus Infection of Malayan Pangolins (Manis javanica),” Viruses 11, no. 11 (2019): 979. 44.David Quammen, “Did Pangolin Trafficking Cause the Coronavirus Pandemic? The Elusive Animals’ Possible Involvement in the Origins of COVID-19 Gives Them a Weird Ambivalence: Threatened and, Perhaps, Dangerous,” New Yorker, August 24, 2020. 45.Kangpeng Xiao et al., “Isolation
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“Probable Pangolin Origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with the COVID-19 Outbreak,” Current Opinions in Biology 30, no. 7 (2020): 1346–51; Lam, Jia, and Cao, “Identifying SARS-CoV-2-Related Coronaviruses in Malayan Pangolins”; and Quammen, “Did Pangolin Trafficking Cause the Coronavirus Pandemic?” Adding to the intrigue was the fact that the Wuhan
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Investigation is Needed to Determine the Origin of the Coronavirus Pandemic,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, May 1, 2020. 53.Reference to Josh Rogin, Chaos Under Heaven, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2021). 54.Katherine Eban, “The Lab-Leak Theory: Inside the Fight to Uncover COVID-19’s Origins,” Vanity Fair, June 3, 2021.
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your device’s search capabilities to locate a specific entry. Abbott, 141, 150, 382, 423n Abbott ID Now, 382, 466n AbCellera Biologics Inc., 311 Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV), 289 ACE2 receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), 5, 331–32, 355, 358, 371–72 Adjuvants, 324, 432n Advanced Molecular
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352–53 Albany, Georgia, superspreader event, 221 Alpha coronaviruses. See Bat coronaviruses American Clinical Laboratory Association, 135–36 American Enterprise Institute (AEI), 148, 243, 297 COVID-19 Test Capacity Tracker (@COVID2019tests), 148 “National Coronavirus Response: A Road Map to Reopening,” 250–52 American Health Care Association, 145 American Red Cross, 299 American
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107. See also specific strains Coronavirus Task Force. See White House Coronavirus Task Force COVAX (COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access), 347 #COVID19, 87–88 COVID-19 testing. See Testing COVID-19 Test Capacity Tracker (@COVID2019tests), 148 COVID Tracking Project, 131, 241 COVID-19 vaccines. See Vaccines Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, 284 Crimson Contagion, 201 Croskey, John W., 191
by Gregory Zuckerman · 25 Oct 2021 · 368pp · 106,185 words
Albert Bourla—CEO, pushed for fast Covid-19 vaccine Mikael Dolsten—Chief scientist, became worried
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Gilbert—Chimpanzee-virus specialist who designed Covid-19 vaccine Novavax Gale Smith—Invented vaccine approach
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chased RSV vaccines, worked with Moderna on Covid-19 vaccine John Mascola—Director of the Vaccine
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the resulting disease, which was branded Covid-19, and more than 210 million people
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friends and relatives. An uncle died of Covid-19, as well as a neighbor. So much
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proudest moments. By one count, the Covid-19 vaccines helped prevent 279,000 deaths and
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a historic, lifesaving, improbable triumph like the Covid-19 vaccines has fathers, mothers, grandparents, and all
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and others who played important roles in the Covid-19 vaccine achievements or laid the groundwork for their success
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intrigue, and outsize ambition. Most of all, the Covid-19 vaccine story is one of heroism, dedication, and
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would be named 2019 novel coronavirus, or Covid-19. “Are you ready to get back in
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its other vaccines and work on a Covid-19 vaccine would be a huge distraction, Hoge
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didn’t have. If it built a Covid-19 vaccine and it failed, Moderna was
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the company had shipped its first batch of Covid-19 vaccines, called mRNA-1273, to Corbett,
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BioNTech’s plan to go after a Covid-19 vaccine. Dormitzer wasn’t thrilled with the
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in London estimated that two-thirds of Covid-19 cases in travelers from China had not yet
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home. So did Marina. Two months later, Covid-19 claimed the life of her mother. 15 February–
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Manhattan. They said they had a diagnosis: Covid-19. Garbuz’s children raced to be near
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which had become one of several dedicated Covid-19 wards in the hospital. All day and
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. Nonetheless, in March 2020, Smyth contracted Covid-19, likely from those in her life who
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Covid-19 patients. Other scientists who previously had worked on AIDS treatments also shifted to Covid-19
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doctors with still another way to fend off Covid-19. It soon became clear these drugs were
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only for those with mild cases of Covid-19. Later, these drugs would pile up
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president of global vaccines, pushed to develop a Covid-19 vaccine, as did some other executives and researchers
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take years to develop. A concerted Covid-19 effort would divert resources from thriving and
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s library of chemical compounds for potential Covid-19 drugs or vaccines, but the company decided
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getting going on Covid-19. Sanofi of France and GlaxoSmithKline of
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to develop their own Covid-19 shots. But a miscalculation
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Oxford team had a clear advantage over other Covid-19 efforts. By then, Gilbert and Hill had
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people were most in need of a Covid-19 vaccine. The virus was disrupting daily
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had an agreement to collaborate on a Covid-19 vaccine. Barouch and his team put their
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many people working from home, fearful of Covid-19. But Barouch and his researchers came to
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whether the antibodies were sufficient to stop Covid-19, or if their vaccine would prove
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it would be an uphill battle to produce the first Covid-19 vaccine, but they had a chance. Barouch and J
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discuss. He told Jansen about the early Covid-19 work he and BioNTech had done and
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say a word to Trump about a Covid-19 vaccine, despite his company’s new collaboration
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, trials, manufacturing, and distribution of a Covid-19 vaccine would be done in parallel, instead
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Haller’s home, experienced an outbreak of Covid-19, with 27 of its 108 residents contracting the
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tougher time handling a respiratory disease like Covid-19, and he had a habit of
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a registration form for an upcoming Covid-19 vaccine study to be conducted by
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first person was going to receive a Covid-19 vaccine as part of a Moderna trial.
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first of three people scheduled for a Covid-19 shot that day. In the clinic,
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could use the new cash for their Covid-19 work. Some of the big investors
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that the companies team up on a Covid-19 vaccine, just like Pfizer and BioNTech were
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BioNTech and Pfizer were racing to develop effective Covid-19 vaccines, Moderna was searching for money to
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they could quickly collect data on their Covid-19 vaccine’s safety, side effects, and
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soon as September, well before any of the Covid-19 competitors in the West. Before long, Oxford
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test, manufacture, and distribute the group’s Covid-19 shots. AstraZeneca had little vaccine experience, but
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. AstraZeneca even agreed to produce the Covid-19 vaccines without making a profit for as
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Covid-19 case. By the end of April, the world was seeing an average of about 80,000 new cases of Covid-19
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produce the world’s first vaccine against covid-19,” and The New York Times said
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kinds of immune response to defend against Covid-19, while not causing serious side effects,
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and a colleague focused on producing the Covid-19 shots, while Andrew Pollard, the Oxford
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might be open to helping Moderna’s Covid-19 effort. Right away, though, Operation Warp
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investors became hopeful that the company’s Covid-19 vaccine could be a big seller.
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had been inoculated with the company’s Covid-19 vaccine had developed neutralizing antibodies comparable to
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levels among people who had recovered from Covid-19 vary dramatically, so simply saying a
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of Medicine who was developing his own Covid-19 vaccine, told the Financial Times. It
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• • Uğur Şahin and BioNTech wanted to introduce their Covid-19 vaccine as swiftly as possible. So did his new partner
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had begun to develop his company’s Covid-19 vaccine, he had selected a number
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people were expressing hesitancy about taking potential Covid-19 vaccines was their fear of painful
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nonprofit bodies that Novavax was building a Covid-19 vaccine, and he was able to
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billion in funding so Novavax could pursue its Covid-19 vaccine. To begin testing it, Glenn
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that had escaped the brunt of earlier Covid-19 spikes, no one was mocking Andres.
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the inside track at producing the first Covid-19 vaccine. That all changed in early
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someone in the trial was diagnosed with Covid-19, for example, Moderna would now have
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supplies to regularly test the volunteers for Covid-19. Hoge couldn’t believe what he was
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working on early trials for the Pfizer/BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine, helping to solve manufacturing issues and
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lengthier pandemic and more global misery. Covid-19 vaccines developed by researchers in China and
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, and other lighter topics—anything but Covid-19 and his shots—succeeding in brightening Şahin
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early November, 94 subjects had developed Covid-19 symptoms, a figure deemed large enough
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shots couldn’t help protect people from Covid-19. Failure would also likely mean other vaccine
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every person who had come down with Covid-19 had been in the placebo group, it
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the thirty-thousand-subject study had developed Covid-19 with symptoms. Ninety of those people had
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.5 percent effective at protecting people from Covid-19, a result on par with the Pfizer
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“the vaccine was highly effective in preventing COVID-19.” The very first figure AstraZeneca cited was the
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Street Journal blasted a headline: “AstraZeneca-Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine up to 90% Effective in Late-Stage
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in older adults most vulnerable to Covid-19.8 Later, it became clear that
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Lindsay became the first American to receive a Covid-19 vaccination outside of a clinical trial. A
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York, who had lost family members to Covid-19, Lindsay reported that her Pfizer/BioNTech shot
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of whom were indicating early wariness about Covid-19 vaccines.2 A week later, Moderna’s
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nursing homes and those most vulnerable to severe Covid-19 disease. Later, others would be offered both
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had ordered 110 million doses of Novavax’s Covid-19 shots, which would be distributed upon receiving
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It was. Novavax’s Covid-19 vaccine’s phase 3 trial in the
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effective at protecting people from the Covid-19 disease. Glenn couldn’t believe his
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to grab much of the initial Covid-19 market from Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna
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. . For the moment, it’s the best COVID-19 vaccine we have,” Bastian wrote. The little company finally
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the wake of the company’s Covid-19 achievements and a stock price that
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the country fend off a new surge of Covid-19 cases. In late January, the Oxford/AstraZeneca
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asked U.S. authorities to allow their Covid-19 shots in America. Still, the vaccine
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that owned intellectual property crucial to their Covid-19 vaccine, sold shares in a public offering
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U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized Johnson & Johnson’s Covid-19 vaccine for adults aged eighteen and older in the United States,
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effective at protecting people from developing Covid-19, including in parts of the world
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were 85.4 percent protective against severe Covid-19, leading The Wall Street Journal to call
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cases, hospitalizations, and deaths related to Covid-19 remained at high levels, so political officials
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in the use of J&J’s Covid-19 vaccine. Six women had suffered blood
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generally supportive of the decision. Alternative Covid-19 vaccines were available. There might be
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the world’s main effort to supply Covid-19 vaccines to poorer nations. One study
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one of the first people diagnosed with Covid-19, was in a New York hospital,
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half-dozen studies about the effects of Covid-19, aimed at gaining a better understanding of
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, had been in the hospital with Covid-19 around the time he was battling the
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who suffered during the first wave of Covid-19 infections, Garbuz was still feeling its impact
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better spirits. Smyth, the professor from western Massachusetts who contracted Covid-19 in March 2020, spent nearly a year dealing with symptoms of
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The nurses injected them with Moderna’s Covid-19 vaccine. As the syringe entered his shoulder
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much of 2021 working to get the Pfizer/BioNTech’s Covid-19 vaccine to people around the world. In the spring
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celebrity, and the successful development of his company’s Covid-19 shots, were unlikely, even astonishing, developments. For
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piles of cash from sales of its Covid-19 shots. In 2021, BioNTech was expected
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of data demonstrating the effectiveness of its Covid-19 vaccine, Şahin surprised an associate by
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smile. AFTERWORD During the summer of 2021, Covid-19 staged a vicious comeback. Just when vaccines
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terrorizing the world. For most people, Covid-19 vaccines provided sufficient protection from the most
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other vaccine companies were busy chasing second-generation Covid-19 shots capable of disarming its dangerous variants. At
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of the investigators at the forefront of the Covid-19 vaccine effort were likely motivated, at least
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Teams of dedicated individuals were needed to produce effective Covid-19 vaccines. I relied on an equally devoted group to
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NOTES INTRODUCTION 1. World Health Organization, “WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard,” July 29, 2021, https://covid19.who.int/.
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3. Michael Blanding, “Shot in the Arm: Groundbreaking COVID-19 Vaccine Research by Alumnus Dr. Barney Graham Began at
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edu/2021/03/17/shot-in-the-arm-groundbreaking-covid-19-vaccine-research-by-alumnus-dr-barney-graham-began-at-
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COVID-19 Vaccines,” Chemical & Engineering News, September 29, 2020, https://cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/vaccines/tiny-tweak-behind-COVID-19/98/i38. 6. Elisabeth Mahase, “Covid-19
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://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66722-0; Mahase, “Covid-19: First Coronavirus.” 8. Oransky, “David Tyrrell.” 9. Yanzhong Huang
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Founders Türeci and Şahin on the Battle Against COVID-19,” interview by Steffen Klusmann and Thomas Schulz,
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founders-tuereci-and-sahin-on-the-battle-against-covid-19-to-see-people-finally-benefitting-from-our-work
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Joe Miller, “Inside the Hunt for a Covid-19 Vaccine: How BioNTech Made the Breakthrough,” Financial
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Kate Linebaugh, “Novavax’s Long Road to a Covid-19 Vaccine,” March 1, 2021, The Journal (podcast
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wsj.com/podcasts/the-journal/novavax-long-road-to-a-covid-19-vaccine/6c0098ff-8479-4bc1-8f52-50f47ff8db59. 3. Knutson and
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com/articles/live-wildlife-sold-in-wuhan-markets-before-covid-19-outbreak-study-shows-11623175415. 3. Rui-Heng Xu
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, “Exclusive: The Chinese Scientist Who Sequenced the First COVID-19 Genome Speaks Out About the Controversies Surrounding His Work,”
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Kate Wighton, “Two Thirds of COVID-19 Cases Exported from Mainland China May Be Undetected
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.imperial.ac.uk/news/195564/two-thirds-covid-19-cases-exported-from-mainland. 13. Brianna
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the-coronavirus-11580403056. CHAPTER FIFTEEN 1. Leslie Brody, “Covid-19’s ‘Patient Zero’ in New York: What Life
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March 5, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19s-patient-zero-what-life-is-like-for-the-
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Covid-19,” Wall Street Journal, June 26, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/young-coronavirus-spike-boston-hospital-icu-doctors-patient-covid-19
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com/news/features/2020-07-15/oxford-s-covid-19-vaccine-is-the-coronavirus-front-runner. 2.
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a Billionaire on Hopes for Technology Behind COVID-19 Vaccine,” Forbes, June 1, 2020, https://
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-becomes-a-billionaire-on-hopes-for-technology-behind-covid-19-vaccine/?sh=7b901fb433fb. 4. “Mission Possible:
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bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-07-15/oxford-s-covid-19-vaccine-is-the-coronavirus-front-runner. 3. David
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et al., “Special Report—How a British COVID-19 Vaccine Went from Pole Position to Troubled Start,”
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, July 2020, https://thebiologist.rsb.org.uk/biologist-covid-19/if-this-doesn-t-work-i-m-not-sure
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t Produce Data Critical to Assessing Covid-19 Vaccine,” STAT News, May 19, 2020
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say-moderna-didnt-produce-data-critical-to-assessing-covid-19-vaccine/. 9. Matt Levine, “Money
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, “Novavax Nears Covid-19 Vaccine Game Changer—After Years of Failure,” Wall
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.wsj.com/articles/novavax-nears-covid-19-vaccine-game-changerafter-years-of-
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“Pushing Boundaries to Deliver COVID-19 Vaccine Across the Globe,” AstraZeneca, February 2021
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deliver-covid-19-vaccine-accross-the-globe.html. 5. Jenny Strasburg and Joseph Walker, “Astra-Zeneca-Oxford Covid-19
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https://www.wsj.com/articles/astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-up-to-90-effective-in-late
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Grayce West, “New York City Kicks Off Covid-19 Vaccine Drive,” Wall Street Journal, December 14,
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Loftus, “Novavax Covid-19 Vaccine Produces Positive Results in First-Stage Study,”
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https://www.wsj.com/articles/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-produces-positive-results-in-first
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www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/06/novavax-now-best-covid-19-vaccine/619276/. 6. William Booth, Carolyn Y. Johnson
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7. Jenny Strasburg, “AstraZeneca’s Covid-19 Vaccine Is Safe, 79% Effective in Late-Stage
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2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-is-79-effective-in-late-stage-u
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“Pushing Boundaries to Deliver COVID-19 Vaccine Across the Globe,” AstraZeneca, February 2021,
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-to-deliver-covid-19-vaccine-accross-the-globe.html. 9. Jenny Strasburg, “If Oxford’s Covid-19 Vaccine Succeeds
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www.wsj.com/articles/if-oxfords-covid-19-vaccine-succeeds-layers-of-private-investors
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“J&J Covid-19 Vaccine Authorized for Use in U.S.,” Wall
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-j-covid-19-vaccine-authorized-for-use-in-u-s-11614467922. 13. Burton and Loftus, “J&J Covid-19 Vaccine
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Strasburg, “J&J, AstraZeneca Explore Covid-19 Vaccine Modification in Response to Rare Blood Clots,”
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.wsj.com/articles/j-j-astrazeneca-explore-covid-19-vaccine-modification-in-response-to-rare-blood-
by Dr Dominic Pimenta · 2 Sep 2020 · 304pp · 95,306 words
China, 4.3 per cent died. Shortly afterward, on 11 February, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced “COVID-19” as the name of the new disease. COVID-19 got its slightly robotic name to avoid the stigma surrounding some of its epidemic predecessors: Middle East Respiratory Virus, German
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tubes and looked up other coronaviruses, wondering how we managed SARS back then. By comparison, it seemed that COVID-19 could spread easily without symptoms, while SARS patients were usually feverish when they were infectious, making them easy to isolate and quarantine
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. COVID-19 could also last on surfaces; one paper I found suggested it could live on metal, glass and plastic for up
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• • The next few days were a sea change for me. My ears would prick up when I heard any mention of COVID-19. On my commutes and breaks I continued to hoover up studies and news. Twitter became a valuable resource of other doctors and experts
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obligatory memes and outrage, Twitter emerged as the world’s largest medical forum. The topic: SARS-CoV-2 (the virus), or COVID-19 (the disease). Through all these sources, the numbers I’d only just started to pay attention to painted a bleak picture. A
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measures were taken against it. Early quarantine measures in a country was always a game-ender for the virus. And here was COVID-19, in Plague Inc. terms, following the same winning formula. The game became so popular it spun off into a board game
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the first time I’ve really had to think about it in the real world. There have been some case reports of COVID-19 causing inflammation of the heart coming out of China. Kate and I exchange looks over the top of our masks. “Have
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to try and recreate the close distance we had had in Tottenham once more. It makes a nice break from obsessing over COVID-19 to trawl through Zoopla or similar and look at properties. Just out of interest, I take to working out what we
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and has flown in as a surprise), Jonny. The food is great, the wine is better. Eventually the talk turns to COVID-19 when Jonny announces he’s heading to Singapore the week coming. “I wouldn’t do that.” I’m slightly glib, probably
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are open to us, and already we can feel the tremors in our timelines. What was once the “Wuhan virus” became COVID-19 and is now in a major European country, heading toward a significant outbreak. There had been reports in Singapore and South Korea
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had become a political lightning rod just a few months prior, but fizzled out again without any consequence. And now, as COVID-19 tore through the better-resourced Italian healthcare system, overwhelming patients and staff, with daily reports of medical colleagues losing their lives,
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each news briefing bravely trumpeted that the NHS was “ready” for COVID-19. “Ready” despite having the fewest beds, staff and resources of any modern healthcare system in the world. “Ready” despite the ballooning
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a good idea or not. The UK government was spending a lot of time and effort trying not to induce panic about COVID-19, claiming that aggressive measures too soon would “fatigue” the population. I took a different view; I work with the public
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factory line, him opening the vials and me carefully drawing each one up. It’s monotonous work. Naturally the conversation turns to COVID-19. I ping Hugo my article. He reads the title, “The NHS isn’t ready for coronavirus”. “So what healthcare system
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as are their subsequent contacts, and the contacts of those contacts. The invisible enemy has now been set loose among us. COVID-19 has landed. Dilsan rests her head on my shoulder and we watch the news unroll quietly. 1. https://stats.oecd.org/
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the usual chest and tummy bugs out there still, and she has no cough or fever or any of the other typical COVID-19 symptoms. I make her some tea and send her to bed for the rest of the day. Dilsan emerges for dinner
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help but be distracted, as if by a scab I cannot stop worrying about, and I find myself diving back into the COVID-19 papers from Wuhan. We’ve both had a strange diarrhoeal illness which sounds viral, with muscle pain and extreme fatigue. It
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Relieved, I pop back upstairs and gently lie him down. His breathing is congested but he is settled. Does he have COVID-19? Do I? Every day it seems we know less and less about it. I creep into bed next to Dilsan and listen
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I’ve run a marathon when we collapse onto the sofa that night. Dilsan is already flicking through a research paper about COVID-19 in children, writing the odd note on a pad beside her. “I think we should put our phones away,” I announce
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s already half-empty. The coffee shops are no longer taking reusable cups, the first time I’ve noticed businesses adapting to COVID-19. No one else is wearing masks. I get to the conference hall early, find a seat at the back well away
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my level up to some of the most senior professors in the world. Oddly, no one is taking any specific precautions. COVID-19 gets a mention in the opener, but only as a tongue-in-cheek joke. There are some polite titters in the audience
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Tropical Medicine and a preeminent member of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) that is advising the UK government on their COVID-19 response. The decision-making the government refers to as being “guided by the science” comes from this large and voluntary group of
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the waters appear more settled, while abroad something feels like it’s brewing. I’ve become obsessed with the daily rises in COVID-19 cases – the web pages tracking Italy and the UK have become fixtures in my phone. The reports from Italy across social
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of the social media time, I spend an hour or so on the tube trying to put together a short explainer on COVID-19 for the general population. I call it “Everything you need to know about Coronavirus. A thread by a doctor”. What
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and currently no definitive antiviral treatment, unlike influenza. Unlike other coronaviruses, like SARS, where infected patients are nearly always feverish, with COVID-19 a much higher proportion (up to 50 per cent) of contagious patients have no temperature at all, making them much harder to
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(This is a true, and incredibly weird, story.1) Nevertheless, the short explainer, in which I present simple facts about COVID-19 as if I were talking to you as a patient, takes off on Twitter, and a journalist from the Press Association gets in
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t much strong evidence that being infected with coronavirus actually produces protective immunity, although it is likely. 3) Given the statistics about COVID-19’s spectrum of illness, with up to 15 per cent needing intensive care, and as many as 1–3 per cent dying
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when he comes out of ICU.” “Oh, okay.” I put two and two together – yesterday was the day we were expecting the routine COVID-19 tests of ICU patients to come back. “Did he come back with coronavirus?” I ask. “Yes . . . I have to go
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Yes, I’m Dom.” “Great – we need to find these contacts of the case downstairs,” he says, with urgency, before adding: “COVID-19.” He passes me the list. Both Cassie’s and Krish’s names are on there. “Well, I wanted to test Cassie anyway,”
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’s just precautionary. I hope to God it is. Several of the nurses are now really upset by the possibility of COVID-19 on their ward. Not for the first time I realize that many staff are actually in the high-risk group themselves,
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to cover for three nurses who got sent home to self-isolate for two weeks due to possible contact with the confirmed COVID-19 patient. I wonder how, as the cases keep coming in, that can possibly remain sustainable? I do the rest of
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I’m not sure I really manage it. Solid organ3 transplant patients, like Ehsan, appear to be the highest risk group for COVID-19, although there isn’t a lot of information about liver transplants. I hope he makes progress with the Head. In the
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and placing 16 million people under quarantine. It occurred to me then that the country needed to fundamentally rethink its approach to COVID-19. Less a storm in a teacup, or even a storm that will blow over, but a prolonged and protracted conflict. The
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three days, the more it seemed our trajectory became terminal. Around 43,000 men and women lost their lives in the Blitz. COVID-19 could be worse. That day (8 March), the total of confirmed cases reached 278, and by that maths, there would be
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And the question no one was asking was how will we provide the same urgent and emergency care when we are overwhelmed by COVID-19 in each hospital? The simple answer: we won’t. We can cancel elective work and waiting list operations, but those
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patients don’t disappear, and neither do their health needs. COVID-19 deaths will be fastidiously documented, but what about these indirect mortalities from delays and diverted care because of the pandemic? The knock-
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lack of physical examination, of non-verbal communication, of rapport – the list of problems with it had been endless. But then COVID-19 hit, and what was formerly a radical and unpopular idea became, overnight, the only logical solution, even a popular one. Now
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the telephone patient again. I check in on a few of the patients from the weekend remotely – the guidelines for testing COVID-19 patients changed that morning, and now we can finally test patients who haven’t travelled, nearly 11 days after the first
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all the on-call teams to get “fit tested” for the masks that we will need to wear when in contact with COVID-19 patients. This strikes me as strange, as it’s the first time in eight years I’ve ever heard of this
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by surprise. This also happens on the same morning as the news reports that a government minister has now tested positive for COVID-19. Social media is alight with the threat COVID poses, and yet everywhere else seems nearly blasé in comparison. Doctors, too,
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to save, with those over 65 not even being assessed by intensive care departments. Every diagnosis is the same: bilateral pneumonia, COVID-19. Given these accounts, I can’t understand the inaction on our end. I watched Professor Chris Whitty’s testimony at the
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breathing issues?” Dilsan shakes her head. The isolation guidelines are limited to fever and cough, but I don’t really know what COVID-19 might look like in someone on immunosuppressant drugs, and certainly 37.7ºC could be considered a low-grade fever, especially on those same
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hospital and don’t get nearly enough recognition for them. Their training is very specialist, however, and when it comes to COVID-19, it’s as new to them as anybody else. Many are very worried. Jack is the senior echocardiographer and is sporting
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to quite a large clan. But, all in their seventies and eighties now, my dad’s generation are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. There has been some chatter over email for some time about what we should do about Aunt Judy’s birthday party.
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nicely as possible, pointing out that travelling by 26 March may be impossible anyway, but emphasizing that the risk of catching COVID-19 is high, given that people would need to come from all over the country. A crisis for the country on the
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a.m., flicking idly through news reports. I see that a director of one of the Lombardy medical schools has died from COVID-19. So many colleagues are losing their lives. What are we doing? I think angrily to myself. I creep downstairs to
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believe, and to ignore everything else. We could simply do nothing. Life is full as it is – we can weather COVID-19 at home, get on with the work in front of us and hope for the best. We’ll do what we can
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s instructional advice for all clinicians, conveying the need to free up beds, especially in critical care; to expect “large numbers” of COVID-19 patients needing respiratory support; and to support staff. The last line of the letter, “Remove routine burdens so as to facilitate the
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if the situation couldn’t get any worse, we hear about the first seemingly confirmed colleague of ours who is critically unwell with COVID-19. An announcement from the British Laryngological Association reports that at least two ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons are critically unwell
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Currently our hospital is receiving patients from other places – we are the spill-over – and there’s only a handful of COVID-19 patients on the ward at the moment. The handover begins when the consultants walk in. They are Dr Duncan Desmond, the lead
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ventilator, such as those very sick patients in intensive care, but we also have patients who are not unwell enough with COVID-19 to warrant being in hospital normally, but who have come in with other things, like heart attacks or dysfunctional or infected
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end of the list. Normally we would be covering the whole hospital overnight, but as we are still trying to keep the COVID-19 patients away from everyone else, that means separate teams as well. We have nowhere to go, and, for now, very
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at all. Listening to the patients’ stories, it seems like the more we know about COVID-19, the less we really know. The basics are unchanged for now, however: COVID-19 is a virus, comprising tiny particles of genetic material wrapped in an envelope of protein,
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is happening. From what we can see in the wards at the moment, there seem to be distinct phases to severe COVID-19 infection, a short period of perhaps a week of slowly worsening symptoms and then a crashing illness for a few days,
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to wonder if that’s the virus as well, causing clots in machine circuits, in legs and in lungs. At first, COVID-19 looks like the most bizarre disease any of us has seen before, but I wonder if that’s down to the sheer
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him,” he says over the top of the report. • • • Right now, we have few options when it comes to treating COVID-19. From some wider reading, I know there are ongoing trials of antiviral medicines, the potential to use steroids to dampen the immune response
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starved and exhausted soldiers. And that was all the case before any sign of coronavirus. The only thing we ever knew about COVID-19 for certain was that we didn’t know much about it; it is a brand new virus, from a very mixed
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to protect the economy? Well, firstly, there was no evidence, and remains no evidence to date, that being naturally infected with COVID-19 even definitively confers immunity to subsequent infection. We aren’t sure it happens at all. I took my antibody test, a government-
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the most vulnerable in our care homes, letting them die in their thousands, even reportedly discharging patients with COVID-19 directly to the sector. We now know that COVID-19 in the elderly can sometimes be very mild and unusual, presenting with confusion, falls, abdominal symptoms or
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better prepare and defend itself in the future. We need to do the same urgently. Whether it’s the second wave of COVID-19, a new coronavirus, or another pandemic in the near future, this will happen again unless we learn the lessons that we
by Michael Mosley · 1 Jun 2020 · 89pp · 27,057 words
develop symptoms, then the disease you get is called “Covid-19.” SARS-CoV-2 is a killer with a range
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am going to refer to it as the Covid-19 virus. The Covid-19 virus represents the greatest public health crisis of
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Enemy Despite the huge threat it poses, the Covid-19 virus is relatively simple. Its core is a single
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and clever. Covid-19 is not. Yet it has us on the run. This short strand of Covid-19 RNA is protected
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, but the spikes on the surface of the Covid-19 virus are just the right shape to lock onto
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swiftly spring into action and unleash hell. But the Covid-19 virus has lots of tricks up its sleeve to
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your body that it is being attacked. But the Covid-19 virus can do the equivalent of cutting the telephone
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need to steer clear of you. Because the Covid-19 virus is able to silence the alarms, when
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first learned about the importance of asymptomatic carriers of Covid-19 thanks to some very smart detective work done in
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, was tested, and was found to be positive for Covid-19. When, soon afterward, a middle-aged man from the
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illness, he was isolated and tested. He had Covid-19. The Germans swiftly traced and found eight others from
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the very onset of symptoms suggests that individuals with Covid-19 are infectious very early on, in some cases before
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Wolfel’s matter-of-fact reply. Why Is Covid-19 So Much Worse Than Other Coronaviruses? This ability
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symptoms is one of the key differences between the Covid-19 virus and its close relative, SARS-CoV, the
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Taiwan, and Singapore. It was much more lethal than Covid-19, killing nearly 10 percent of those who got infected
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the ACE2 enzymes in our respiratory tract as the Covid-19 virus, which made it far less infectious.
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since 2004. The Flying Virus The fact that the Covid-19 virus can be carried by people who have few,
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positive for Covid-19. The next day, Tuesday, March 24th, Dan started to develop classic signs of Covid-19, including a
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Where Did the Covid-19 Virus Come From? Although we describe it as a “new” virus, the Covid-19 virus has almost
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longer bothered by it. But it seems that the Covid-19 virus, like HIV, Ebola, and the SARS virus
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about in 2016 is 96 percent identical to the Covid-19 virus that is spreading among us now. The
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in a very hostile environment. So, when the Covid-19 virus jumped from bats to another animal species it
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animal, if any, acted as an intermediary for Covid-19, the likeliest candidate is a creature called the pangolin
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highly endangered species. Fingers crossed. Whatever its origins, Covid-19 is like a monstrous mutant hybrid of other coronaviruses
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Although they knew there was a threat from Covid-19, nobody appeared to be ill and the choir
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been diagnosed or had come down with symptoms of Covid-19. Two of them had died. No one really
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my son Dan, who is 25 years old, got Covid-19, he developed most of the classic symptoms (cough, fever
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cells that have been infected and taken over by Covid-19. The adaptive response also involves the release of
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virus, in this case the one that causes Covid-19. If your body has never seen that particular virus
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where they admitted a woman from Wuhan with Covid-19. The Woman from Wuhan The story begins in
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temperature. A nasal swab revealed that she had Covid-19. They took daily swabs and blood samples throughout her
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medical support her body got on top of the Covid-19 virus. Within 11 days of admission she was discharged
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preexisting health condition. Who Gets Ill from It Because Covid-19 can be caught from someone else coughing or sneezing
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this with Covid-19. In fact, unless you have a preexisting condition, the odds of dying from Covid-19 if you
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Covid-19 is that, unlike the flu, or most other infectious diseases, there have been remarkably few cases of children with Covid-19
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condition that appears to be linked to Covid-19 and that has, understandably, been worrying
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a nine-year-old British boy who got Covid-19 while skiing in the Alps. He had very
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to be few documented cases of a child passing Covid-19 to an adult. It is more likely to
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certainly do. Men, at every age, who get Covid-19 are far more likely to die than women.
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hospital and tested positive for Covid-19. Since most people have mild symptoms and are
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than the true risk.5 Why Covid-19 Is So Much More Dangerous
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much more likely to get sick and die from Covid-19 than women. First, women have a more
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began a study where they gave male and female Covid-19 patients over the age of 55 estrogen patches,
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why men are so much more likely to get severe Covid-19 is that men tend to have higher rates of obesity
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from the virus (see chapter 4). Why Does Covid-19 Kill Mainly Older People? As with men, one
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and lungs as well (see page 36). Is Covid-19 More Dangerous If You Come from a Particular Ethnic
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between intensive care patients in an average flu year and Covid-19.7 Covid-19 Flu (2017–2019) Average age 59 years 58 years White
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are very different when it comes to Covid-19. If you come from a black or Asian
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end up in intensive care if you get Covid-19 than if you are white. Why? Although
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and type 2 diabetes), that does not explain why Covid-19 impacts this group so much worse than the flu
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at the ethnic background of those who died from Covid-19, came to similar puzzling conclusions.8 They found
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are four times more likely to die from Covid-19 than those who are white. And that,
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a Covid-19-related death than whites. They concluded that “the difference between ethnic groups in Covid-19 mortality
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of events is that a study of the earliest Covid-19 patients shows that many of them have no connection
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people, more than 800 of whom were infected with Covid-19, flew from Wuhan to cities outside China over the next
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including Bangkok, where the first known overseas case of Covid-19 was caught by vigilant officials at Bangkok airport. She
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25th Australia reported its first case of someone with Covid-19 infection. It was a man in his 50s from
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Covid-19, despite having no known connections with China. And China was no longer the only threat. People infected by Covid-19
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11th. The new viral infection was given a name: Covid-19, short for “coronavirus disease 2019.” Day 48 I’d
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at the time there were just nine cases of Covid-19 in the UK with no deaths. The best guess
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By March 3rd hundreds of Italians had died from Covid-19 and Italian hospitals were beginning to buckle under the
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time, there had been no new cases of Covid-19. Day 86 On March 25th the countdown clock
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On April 2nd the number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 passed the million mark. At least 50,000
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numbers would double. Day 100 After coming down with Covid-19, Boris Johnson was moved to intensive care. There
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.20 How Often Does a Dangerous New Virus, Like Covid-19, Emerge and Cause a Pandemic? Novel viruses are infecting
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the most disturbing outbreak in my professional lifetime (before Covid-19) was the emergence of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus),
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—those that cause SARS and MERS, and now Covid-19. How Is This New Virus Different from the
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differences is that when you get infected with Covid-19 you can soon be shedding lots of viruses without
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of people who get Covid-19 have no symptoms at all. That is what allowed Covid-19 to spread so far
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allow it to spread unhindered, then each person with Covid-19 infects on average 2.5 other people. For a
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Made in a Lab? There is no evidence that Covid-19 is man-made. The likeliest explanation is that it
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Does Covid-19 Spread? The main way it spreads is through coughs or sneezes. If you have Covid-19 and
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well get infected. Studies suggest that, indoors, the Covid-19 virus can live for many hours on plastic or hard
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we’ve seen on page 27, are also potential Covid-19 death traps. Thanks to smart detective work, Chinese researchers
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for Covid-19. Within a week four other members of his family had also tested positive for Covid-19, as
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in a 19-story office building came down with Covid-19. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (
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miss around half the people who actually have active Covid-19. The other thing is, if you really want
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your risk. Will Warmer Weather Slow the Spread of Covid-19? Viruses generally prefer the cold, which is why
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mentioned above, there is good evidence that the Covid-19 virus does not survive long when exposed to UV
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than inside a shop, restaurant, or office. If Covid-19 behaves anything like the flu, it will get much
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playdates? The risks to a child from getting Covid-19 are incredibly low. The Centers for Disease Control and
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Covid-19 since February. This compares to more than 200 who have died of the flu and nearly 100,000 adults who have died from Covid-19
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number of confirmed cases of cats coming down with Covid-19, as well as lions and tigers at a
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that pets can give Covid-19 to their owners. In one family, the cat got Covid-19 but none of the
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will spray around if they happen to have Covid-19. The superpower that this virus possesses is its
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and Jeremy Howard point out, “If you have Covid-19 and cough on someone from eight inches away, wearing
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that taking vitamin C supplements will help protect you against Covid-19. Nor will echinacea, drinking green tea, or zinc supplements
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Should I Do If I Think I Might Have Covid-19? If you have mild symptoms then you should
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Sick? When my son Dan came down with Covid-19 we asked him to stay in his room and
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and taste, which happens to many people with Covid-19, but they both slowly came back over the next
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the lab suggest it may help prevent the Covid-19 virus from replicating. There has been one randomized
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reduces the time it takes to recover from Covid-19 from 15 days to 11 days. There was
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impact on 368 American military veterans hospitalized with Covid-19 found that more than twice as many died after
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t know yet how well it will work with Covid-19. Since one survivor can only donate enough blood
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cure on the horizon. If I Have Had Covid-19 Can I Catch It Again? It is too
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the virus and recovered will come down with Covid-19 again. The reason why people can get
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The other test looks for antibodies to the Covid-19 virus. Your body normally starts to produce antibodies
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see what actually happens, we don’t know how Covid-19 will behave. Might the New Virus “Burn Out”
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say yes, but I think that it is unlikely. Covid-19 is already too well established around the world. The
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never really took off. Unless we get a vaccine, Covid-19, like the influenza virus that causes the seasonal flu
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and your family from being infected by the Covid-19 virus is by regular hand washing and social
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Covid-19. Why? It is partly because the more overweight you are, the lower your lung capacity. So if Covid-19
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personally have found really useful. Shrink Your Waist The Covid-19 virus seems almost selective about whom it kills. Most
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of ending up in intensive care if you get Covid-19. But BMI is a crude predictor of health.
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to end up in intensive care if we get Covid-19. Metabolic Disease The problem with visceral fat is
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but it is even more dangerous if you get Covid-19. That’s because having chronic low-grade inflammation and
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know that obesity and diabetes, independently, make you vulnerable to Covid-19. Put them together, along with hypertension, and your risk
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10 times greater risk of death when they contract Covid-19.” That figure is speculative, and may overstate the
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disease and hopefully increase your chance of fighting off Covid-19. But are there risks to losing weight during
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down your of risk of reacting badly to Covid-19 should you contract it, within days or weeks
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predictor of who will do badly when they get Covid-19. Switch to a Mediterranean-Style Diet Like any
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storm,” the dangerous overreaction by the immune system to Covid-19 that leads to serious damage to vital organs and sometimes
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syndrome (ARDS), a major cause of death in patients with Covid-19.33 As well as running, walking, and some cycling,
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good news is that with so many vaccines against Covid-19 in play, and with so much money behind
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The biggest killer was smallpox, the Speckled Monster. Like Covid-19, smallpox could be spread by a cough or a sneeze
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fastest and most effective way of testing a new Covid-19 vaccine. Jenner did what we would now call “
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contain and control future outbreaks of Covid-19. The Race for a Covid-19 Vaccine Begins The good news is that
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he was in a great position to respond when Covid-19 reared its ugly head. To start with, like many
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into mice to see if they would develop antibodies to Covid-19. They did. In fact, the vaccine worked better
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may never be able to create a vaccine against Covid-19 and point toward HIV, where despite more than 30
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he pointed out, unlike AIDS, the virus that causes Covid-19 isn’t mutating fast. “There is never any guarantee
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Imperial, they have created a vaccine based on targeting Covid-19’s spikes, in the hope that this will induce
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humans but does produce the distinctive viral spikes of Covid-19. Genetically modifying a virus before injecting it may
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modified their existing vaccine so it would work against Covid-19, and by March they were ready for it
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relative of ours and when they are infected with Covid-19 they get sick. In a study carried out
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launch into large-scale manufacture and distribution of a Covid-19 vaccine as soon as one becomes available. Oxford
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more traditional approach. They began by collecting samples of Covid-19 viruses from infected patients, which they then purified and
…
did a “challenge” experiment, exposing the monkeys to the Covid-19 virus. The vaccine seemed to protect them, because unlike
…
Covid-19 will take years, or even decades. These are some of their arguments. People Who Have Been Infected with Covid-19
…
with monkeys, who have been deliberately infected with the Covid-19 virus, recovered, and then exposed to the virus again
…
The reason people fear this could happen with a Covid-19 is because of a trial in 2004 of an
…
with the SARS virus. So far none of the Covid-19 vaccine researchers I’ve spoken to have seen disease
…
placebo. Doing Phase III trials the traditional way, with Covid-19, could be tricky. To find out if your vaccine
…
the curve and there is not a lot of Covid-19 in circulation, you may have to hang around
…
vaccinating healthy individuals and then deliberately exposing them to Covid-19 to see if it protected them. But would that
…
are at low risk of complications if they get Covid-19. You would also need to ensure that they
…
medical staff to risk themselves by treating patients with Covid-19. Is this really that different? When I was
…
29-year-old, then even if you get Covid-19 your risk of dying is roughly the same
…
dontforgetthebubbles.com/evidence-summary-paediatric-covid-19-literature/ 5 https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/global-covid-19-case-fatality-rates/ 6
…
nih-clinical-trial-shows-remdesivir-accelerates-recovery-advanced-covid-19 26 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/
…
the book reflects the author’s impressions of the COVID-19 landscape at the time of publication. The reader should
by Debora MacKenzie · 13 Jul 2020 · 266pp · 80,273 words
it causes was named Covid-19: “co” for corona
…
anytime soon. Covid-19 has infected the
…
breed disease. Covid-19, Ebola, and
…
the source of Covid-19. They immediately recognized
…
surprise when Covid-19 finally hit
…
how to contain Covid-19, but few
…
Covid-19 pandemic may not even be the worst we could see. And even Covid-19
…
or vaccinated against Covid-19 and will be
…
although the Covid-19 virus isn’
…
been worse. Covid-19 does not
…
like Covid-19—and, with luck, Covid-19 will
…
painfully learned, Covid-19 mostly kills
…
But before Covid-19 happened, we
…
coronaviruses like Covid-19 to allow
…
ringer for Covid-19. I can
…
Covid-19, but so far, believe it or not, we’ve been lucky. In addition, what almost no one realized before Covid-19
…
is that Covid-19 has shown
…
economic damage Covid-19 is doing
…
is happening with Covid-19 right now,
…
and after Covid-19 emerged. Then
…
the unlovely name Covid-19. Many people
…
one that causes Covid-19 belongs. I
…
causes Covid-19, or even the Covid-19 virus
…
up with the Covid-19 pandemic? Could
…
Covid-19 pandemic on the world? The first inkling I, like many others, had of the gathering storm that became Covid-19
…
emergencies like Covid-19. For disease
…
relative of Covid-19. Yet the
…
transmitted as Covid-19. You won
…
wrestled the Covid-19 epidemic to
…
of the Covid-19 epidemic, China
…
then-unknown Covid-19 virus as
…
virus that causes Covid-19 officially became SARS
…
he died of Covid-19. “I am not
…
people with Covid-19 symptoms only
…
into the Covid-19 crisis. Containing
…
of infection. Covid-19 ticks both
…
days of Covid-19. And if
…
of Covid-19 just to
…
to stopping Covid-19 is using
…
value for Covid-19 was originally
…
quarantine them. Covid-19 spreads as
…
drug against Covid-19 was having
…
spread of Covid-19 out of
…
companies making Covid-19 tests by
…
enough, worked on Covid-19. They confirmed
…
positive for Covid-19 and undoubtedly
…
to respond to Covid-19. Those analyses
…
that stopping Covid-19 entirely might
…
enough to make Covid-19 much less
…
’s Covid-19. Why is this
…
where Covid-19 came
…
to Covid-19—just the
…
Covid-19 pandemic. I wonder what Burnet would have made of the year 2020. Covid-19
…
to the Covid-19 saga. After
…
efforts to contain Covid-19. In Europe
…
die from Covid-19. The
…
cost of this Covid-19 pandemic runs into
…
, not least Covid-19. Peter Daszak
…
diseases, like Covid-19, are far more
…
Covid-19. But for now, let’s look at how a pandemic like Covid-19
…
to accommodate Covid-19, which was
…
and lovelier than Covid-19: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
…
list: one for Covid-19 and one for
…
Covid-19 appeared. As of this writing, it has nine for Covid-19
…
as with Covid-19, Pybus concluded
…
flattening its Covid-19 curve. It
…
investigated for Covid-19. Once again
…
Covid-19 mission to China—responded and contained the epidemic with the same tools used for Covid-19: isolation, contact tracing, and quarantine. Also, as with Covid-19
…
with Covid-19,
…
amid the rising Covid-19 pandemic. By
…
: think what Covid-19 might inspire us
…
look at where Covid-19 came from.
…
Covid-19, as it was in many ways a forerunner. The Covid-19
…
what unleashed Covid-19 and what
…
droplets like Covid-19 and persisted the
…
than any estimates for Covid-19. It, too,
…
were convened for Covid-19, this time online
…
happened with Covid-19. Then as
…
with Covid-19. Lower-level officials
…
says, with Covid-19. Having faced
…
sidelined when Covid-19 emerged by
…
that the Covid-19 virus might
…
was that unlike Covid-19, the virus
…
it. With Covid-19, people with
…
readily as Covid-19, no
…
humans than Covid-19. What stands
…
happened with Covid-19. As the
…
its sibling, Covid-19? In its
…
dying and must face Covid-19 with insufficient masks,
…
again with Covid-19 would be
…
from investigating Covid-19 in China
…
much. With Covid-19, the WHO
…
spread of Covid-19, and travel
…
. With Covid-19, they made
…
start on Covid-19 than it
…
things now about Covid-19. If nothing
…
to fight Covid-19. But,
…
now for Covid-19. But there
…
Covid-19 virus does not have it. But Covid-19
…
people with Covid-19. The
…
now being told about Covid-19 and pangolins. In
…
the arrival of Covid-19, we got another
…
SARS and Covid-19, which latch
…
observed with Covid-19 as well.
…
vaccine work when Covid-19 hit. Those
…
SARS and Covid-19. The pigs
…
struggle against Covid-19. Except for
…
strip by Walt Kelly The Covid-19 virus comes from bats.
…
had it for Covid-19, and we didn
…
that causes Covid-19 in bats
…
the same receptor Covid-19 uses. But
…
now happened: Covid-19 latches on to
…
, but with Covid-19, we knew
…
SARS and Covid-19 gotten into
…
Wuhan linked to Covid-19. “The message
…
market played in Covid-19. Two-thirds
…
pangolins and Covid-19. Related viruses
…
Covid-19 virus than are viruses found in bats. RaTG13, the bat virus that was closest genetically to SARS-2, the Covid-19
…
in the Covid-19 virus, and
…
found Covid-19’s dead
…
of Covid-19 and pangolins
…
cases of Covid-19 in China
…
to the Covid-19 epidemic. Ye
…
suggests the Covid-19 virus is
…
ironic, given Covid-19’s signature symptom
…
zero in Covid-19. Horeseshoe
…
source of Covid-19. We
…
origin of Covid-19 got out,
…
Ebola or Covid-19. Living in
…
pandemics like Covid-19 from happening again
…
diseases, including Covid-19—and of course
…
misguided efforts to fight Covid-19. More to the
…
host the Covid-19 virus—can
…
that. Covid-19 started with
…
result of Covid-19, and
…
Covid-19 virus and, without PREDICT funding
…
Covid-19
…
. Yes, the Covid-19 pandemic is a
…
having seen the Covid-19 pandemic, we
…
are handling Covid-19. Flu,
…
any doubts, Covid-19 ended them.
…
exhale, like Covid-19. Droplets evaporate
…
causes Covid-19 does have
…
Just like Covid-19, it is
…
comparisons to Covid-19. It
…
of which Covid-19 does too—
…
Covid-19, can officially be called pandemic, but in 2009, that was the definition for a flu pandemic. But unlike Covid-19
…
it did for Covid-19, that there
…
acquired cases of Covid-19 in January 2020
…
WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic in
…
much like Covid-19. I remember
…
Covid-19. However, swine flu pulled a real surprise that shows just how different flu is from Covid-19
…
dying of Covid-19—didn’t
…
how we handled Covid-19, and will handle
…
outbreak” like Covid-19. But part
…
when the Covid-19 pandemic started,
…
early days of Covid-19, journalists kept asking
…
the WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic,
…
to discuss Covid-19 for the
…
disservice when Covid-19 arrived.
…
Covid-19. When Covid-19 hit, most governments with pandemic plans had based them around flu: many are actually entitled “influenza pandemic plan.” Covid-19
…
is not flu, and that caused problems. Containment, where you isolate cases and trace and quarantine their contacts, was the WHO’s main recommendation for Covid-19
…
early in the pandemic. But that is not possible with flu because the virus spreads faster than Covid-19
…
analyses of Covid-19, started
…
’t for Covid-19—although Covid-19 has the
…
science of Covid-19 at televised
…
allegations that Covid-19 escaped from
…
not prepared for Covid-19, and it is
…
Yet when Covid-19 arrived, there
…
symptoms, like Covid-19—“the response
…
. When the Covid-19 pandemic hit,
…
finally called Covid-19 a pandemic
…
Covid-19 in many ways. Containment doesn’t work for fast-spreading flu, but as China showed, it works for Covid-19. The WHO delayed calling Covid-19
…
dealing with Covid-19, such as
…
“woefully insufficient.” Covid-19 is a virulent
…
But when Covid-19 arrived in
…
Covid-19. At least the world’s governments have now responded to the Covid-19
…
now, with Covid-19, we can
…
Two years later, Covid-19, a respiratory
…
viruses—like Covid-19—they just try
…
few for Covid-19. Moreover,
…
in people before Covid-19. Because even
…
the trillions the Covid-19 pandemic will
…
applied to Covid-19, and China
…
That happened with Covid-19, so we
…
happened with Covid-19. You would
…
response to Covid-19: the penguin
…
response. Covid-19 was not
…
2020, as Covid-19 raged, we
…
that causes Covid-19, though, is
…
the Covid-19 virus’
…
conspiracy theories suggesting Covid-19 does not
…
the post-Covid-19 world. There
…
kinds of candidate Covid-19 vaccines, and
…
D for Covid-19 has started
…
into candidate Covid-19 vaccines.
…
anything but Covid-19, though,
…
the winners. Covid-19 is showing
…
cloud of Covid-19. Public-
…
being used for Covid-19.) One of the
…
equipped with Covid-19 protein are
…
the Covid-19 vaccine candidates
…
candidate Covid-19 vaccines are
…
GAVI for Covid-19. CEPI agrees
…
an Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator,
…
still-experimental Covid-19 vaccines will
…
should mention. Covid-19, like SARS,
…
death with Covid-19—and flu—
…
to what Covid-19 causes. The
…
that for Covid-19. Yet the
…
Covid-19. In February, Chinese doctors reported that some 94 percent of patients with Covid-19
…
antibiotics with Covid-19 patients who need
…
COVID-19: we need to invest today for tomorrow’s pandemic,” says Kevin Outterson of CARB-X. “What would a COVID-19
…
market. With Covid-19 drugs and vaccines
…
less than Covid-19 will cost.
…
on Covid-19 over what
…
used for Covid-19. I wonder
…
the Covid-19 pandemic,
…
. In the Covid-19 pandemic, it
…
with the Covid-19 pandemic,
…
occupied with Covid-19, deaths
…
Covid-19 might lead to a full-blown depression. At least as a result of Covid-19
…
really understood until Covid-19. “The really
…
again, after Covid-19, or whether we
…
shirt from 2020 about Covid-19 A few years back
…
suggesting that Covid-19 is showing
…
lot worse than Covid-19, and as
…
through with Covid-19, even though
…
of the Covid-19 pandemic when much
…
is happening in the Covid-19 pandemic. Countries go
…
case of Covid-19 were in
…
much like Covid-19 in bats
…
But when Covid-19 hit the
…
moment, to Covid-19. As virologist
…
that causes Covid-19—not surprising after
…
that the Covid-19 virus’s
…
Covid-19 vaccines are “leaky.” “There certainly are plausible scenarios under which leaky vaccines could drive the [Covid-19
…
” vaccine for Covid-19, and some
…
mutant of Covid-19 circulated silently
…
as we develop Covid-19 vaccines. The
…
severe strain of Covid-19. That might be
…
I hope Covid-19 vaccines aren’t
…
learning from Covid-19. But what
…
than Covid-19 can go
…
problems. During Covid-19 lockdowns, oil
…
risk. The Covid-19 pandemic does
…
outcomes with Covid-19 among disadvantaged racial
…
patients with Covid-19 were almost twice
…
absent and Covid-19 has struck
…
has with Covid-19. Even in
…
unimaginable, but Covid-19, even though it
…
than Covid-19 could be
…
or change. Covid-19 has been, by
…
saw that Covid-19 started as a
…
people for Covid-19 if they
…
virus that causes Covid-19, we now
…
have known. Covid-19 is much
…
knew about Covid-19 at the
…
seems unlikely Covid-19 would have
…
tackle Covid-19 earlier
…
response to Covid-19. So,
…
, seriously. Covid-19 is taking care
…
now that Covid-19 has shown us
…
looked at how Covid-19 emerged, in Chapter
…
. I call Covid-19 the pandemic that
…
of what Covid-19’s relative
…
happened with Covid-19 in China.
…
now Covid-19 is forcibly reminding
…
the toll Covid-19 has taken
…
later caused Covid-19. Meanwhile
…
that Covid-19 actually escaped
…
reason why Covid-19 is the
…
know now, the Covid-19 virus came from
…
that for Covid-19 to emerge,
…
“because of Covid-19” suggests the
…
source of Covid-19, harbor
…
Covid-19. Meanwhile, many countries struggled to respond to Covid-19
…
make Covid-19 look
…
that causes Covid-19 does not
…
for sure: Covid-19 was not created
…
of protein Covid-19 uses to attach
…
pandemics from Covid-19—and actually
…
vaccination for Covid-19 could make
…
initial onslaught of Covid-19, we can
…
not prepared. Covid-19 was an
…
. As Covid-19 emerged,
…
did for Covid-19 a bit
…
have called Covid-19 a public
…
? If Covid-19 teaches us
…
respond to Covid-19. It took
…
to face Covid-19 in an
…
January that Covid-19 was not
…
claim that Covid-19 did not
…
to investigate Covid-19 until February
…
committee on Covid-19. Yet WHO
…
Covid-19 will make it politically feasible. Pandemic disease, as Covid-19
…
whether another Covid-19 might be
…
inequality generally. Covid-19 came from
…
to defeating Covid-19 and ensuring
…
and SARS and Covid-19 on ethnic
…
of Covid-19, Schaller told me. “If Covid-19
…
true if Covid-19 doesn’t
…
tribal identities. Covid-19 is a collective
…
that Covid-19 started in
…
with China in fighting Covid-19. “China has
…
and responding to Covid-19. Lots of
…
in with Covid-19. I have
…
viruses like Covid-19. Obviously,
…
lines of Covid-19. All the
…
places as Covid-19 raged. Thank
…
encounters with Covid-19. When you
…
‘rectification,’ hindering its Covid-19 research,” South China Morning
…
for ‘rectification,’ hindering its Covid-19 research.” 12. In January,
…
disease-analysis/covid-19/report-1-case-estimates-of-covid-19. 13
…
: China’s first confirmed Covid-19 case traced back to November
…
chinas-first-confirmed-covid-19-case-traced-back.
…
first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China,” Science,
…
-pharmaceutical interventions for containing the COVID-19 outbreak: an observational and modelling
…
2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19),” medRxiv preprint, February 17,
…
“Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation
…
/20/eradicated-coronavirus-mass-testing-covid-19-italy-vo. 43. According
…
al., “The early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy,” arXiv pre-
…
“History in a crisis—lessons for Covid-19,” New England Journal of Medicine 382
…
AJPH editorial: US readiness for COVID-19, other outbreaks hinges on
…
4. In Europe… Covid-19: Chris Thomas, “Hitting
…
26. They are being… Covid-19: Chunyan Wang, et al.,
…
1038/nature22975. 6. Sure enough… Covid-19 uses: Wendong Li, et al
…
a patient with COVID-19 in Italy with prolonged
…
=121184706. 9. in March… Covid-19: “COVID-19 pandemic just started, hard to
…
COVID-19,” March 11, 2020,
…
on-covid-19---11-
…
G20 leaders’ summit statement on COVID-19,” March 26, 2020,
…
A similar flu… with Covid-19: David E. Sanger, Eric
…
medical professionals of China combatting COVID-19.” The Lancet 395, no.
…
COVID-19 pandemic,” April 24, 2020, cepi.net/news_cepi/landmark-global-collaboration-launched-to-defeat-covid-19
…
Labour Organization (UN), COVID-19 and the world
…
The Potential Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on HIV, TB
…
/mrc-global-infectious-disease-analysis/covid-19/report-19-hiv-tb-malaria.
…
African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study,” The
…
COVID-19 and patient-derived mutations,” Science Media Centre, April 21, 2020, www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-preprint-on-covid-19
…
2006.tb00224.x. 17. During Covid-19… a problem: Debora MacKenzie,
…
“OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the
…
Covid-19 spread on the Diamond
…
-how-covid-19-spread-on
…
Covid-19 on global shipping: part 1, system shock,” Ship Technology, April 2, 2020, www.ship-technology.com/features/impact-of-covid-19
…
annual meeting: experts discuss COVID-19 pandemic and science’s response
…
nas-annual-meeting-experts-discuss-covid-19-pandemic-and-sciences-response.
…
Covid-19… November 2019: Josephine Ma, “Coronavirus: China’s first confirmed Covid-19
…
-the-new-coronavirus1. 10. Covid-19 was not… so well:
…
G20 leaders’ summit statement on COVID-19,” March 26, 2020, g20
…
WHO amid COVID-19 pandemic.” 17. In May 2020… Covid-19: BBC,
…
summit on the COVID-19 pandemic,” United Nations
…
-20-virtual-summit-the-covid-19-pandemic. 28. British columnist
…
Spanish flu of 1918-19 to COVID-19,” VoxEU, March 22, 2020,
…
china.ucsd.edu/_files/statement/covid-19-pandemic-statement.pdf. 44.
…
original speech: Jeremy Farrar, “COVID-19 Update,” Panel discussion, National
by Richard Horton · 31 May 2020 · 106pp · 33,210 words
Defence Notes 5 The Politics of COVID-19 Notes 6 The Risk Society Revisited
…
those whose lives were lost to COVID-19 The COVID-19 Catastrophe What’s Gone Wrong and
…
, The Philosophy of Fear (2008) Preface COVID-19 is a pandemic of paradoxes. Most of those
…
and mechanical ventilation. For far too many, COVID-19 meant that death was their destiny. Being older
…
knowledge needed to guide a response to COVID-19. But many questions about the virus
…
dead. The science and politics of COVID-19 became exercises in radical dehumanisation. At
…
between medical scientists desperately trying to understand COVID-19 and politicians and policymakers charged with responding
…
to ensure that the most reliable research on COVID-19 was peer reviewed and published rapidly to support
…
the disease, which would later be called COVID-19, was also published on 24 January.2
…
are strongly recommended.’ They underlined the fact that COVID-19 shared ‘some resemblance to SARS-CoV and MERS
…
as 190,000 Africans could eventually die from COVID-19. The public health response to this highly
…
to be taken up by every citizen. Perhaps COVID-19 represents an impermeable boundary between one moment in
…
nevertheless. David Nabarro, WHO’s special envoy for COVID-19, announced with considerable drama on 13 April, ‘This
…
–12 January that no additional cases of COVID-19 had been detected since 3 January? That
…
But that was not the case. COVID-19 overwhelmingly affected those who were poorer, less
…
often unprotected. COVID-19 exploited and worsened already existing inequalities in society. Second, before COVID-19, the idea
…
et al., Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19, Lancet Infectious Diseases, 11 March 2020. 6. Novel
…
characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) – China 2020, China CDC Weekly, 2/
…
control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China, Lancet Public Health, 25
…
highest. In the decade leading up to COVID-19, the capacity of health systems could not
…
and China for the destructive effects of COVID-19 on American society, it was the
…
immune systems, thereby contributing to severe COVID-19 illness. 5G masts have been attacked and
…
The third category of misinformation relates to alleged COVID-19 cures. There are by now hundreds of false
…
One theory, widely circulated, has been that COVID-19 is largely an invention by the media and
…
might have played in propagating false beliefs about COVID-19. Disinformation is that category of misinformation deliberately
…
was unprepared for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has several further and even more disturbing
…
2 pandemic. And yet the management of COVID-19 represented, in many countries, the greatest
…
They reported the first 41 cases of COVID-19 in The Lancet on 24 January. The
…
descriptions of symptoms and signs for COVID-19, an essential and urgent resource for
…
to study nine pregnant women who had COVID-19. Evidence of intrauterine vertical transmission was
…
A further concern was the seriousness of COVID-19. The report of the first 41 patients
…
patients with COVID-19. A team of doctors led by
…
of 201 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 55 (27 per cent
…
its burden of death from COVID-19. The story of COVID-19 in the US is one
…
people died in the US from COVID-19 in three months than during the
…
from COVID-19 exceeded that figure on 28 April 2020). The first case of COVID-19
…
12 February, the first American had died of COVID-19. On 21 February, Messonnier agreed that it
…
to lead the nation’s response to COVID-19. Pence and Fauci agreed that testing
…
had surpassed Italy in its number of COVID-19 deaths. Every state had been affected. As
…
seven weeks to recognise the seriousness of COVID-19. It wasted the whole of February
…
emergency. After that meeting, he agreed that COVID-19 presented ‘a significant challenge’. ‘But we are
…
, when there were 85 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the UK, Johnson went on national
…
first report from China in January that COVID-19 was a lethal illness. Yet they too
…
in 2018/19. But influenza is not COVID-19. China, by contrast, was scarred
…
the UK said that keeping deaths from COVID-19 to below 20,000 would be a
…
the succeeding wave of COVID-19 admissions. 33,000 beds were cleared
…
expected influx of patients with COVID-19. Despite the very best efforts
…
flat-footed. The country was glaringly unprepared. * COVID-19 has revealed the astonishing fragility of our societies,
…
as dominant as we once thought. If COVID-19 eventually imbues human beings with some humility,
…
wrong in the way many countries handled COVID-19. In the UK, the government had
…
suffered four times the mortality rate from COVID-19)? This virulent coronavirus has revealed, exploited and
…
candour into public and political discussions about COVID-19. It’s hard to predict the longevity
…
Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women, The Lancet, 12
…
COVID-19), 16–24 February 2020, www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19
…
2020. 11. Andrea Remuzzi and Giuseppe Remuzzi, COVID-19 and Italy: what next? The Lancet, 12 March
…
three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore, The Lancet, 16 March 2020. 14. Remuzzi and Remuzzi, COVID-19 and Italy: what
…
2018). 18. Independent Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies, COVID-19: What Are the Options for the UK? Recommendations
…
our society depends upon these two principles. COVID-19 has tested their resilience. So many people
…
and liberties, and to destroy economies. COVID-19 invites us, calls on us, requires
…
no country, can survive in splendid isolation. COVID-19 has taught us to reimagine security as being
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halls, were used to isolate patients with COVID-19 from their families and workplaces. They provided
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COVID-19 noted, ‘By embracing Fangcang shelter hospitals,
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current COVID-19 pandemic as well as future epidemics and disasters.’ Sadly, many countries afflicted by COVID-19 were
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. Singapore confirmed its first imported case of COVID-19 on 23 January. Inbound flights to the
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arriving from a country with cases of COVID-19 was required to go into quarantine for fourteen
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in January as the first reports of COVID-19 began to emerge from the Chinese mainland.
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the disease it caused. The first COVID-19 case was reported in Spain on 31
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deaths from COVID-19 in Europe, after only Italy and Spain. The COVID-19 outbreak in Germany
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On 18 March, Chancellor Angela Merkel said that COVID-19 was Germany’s biggest challenge since the Second
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had suffered only 1,147 cases of COVID-19 and 21 deaths by mid-May.
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COVID-19 and 3,992 deaths. But that is neither fair nor true. The first case of COVID-19
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place and were simply repurposed to address COVID-19. Hospitals dedicated to admitting patients were quickly
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area. On identifying three or more COVID-19-positive patients, a 3 kilometre radius
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the pandemic, the Indian Scientists’ Response to COVID-19 became a grassroots initiative to neutralise disinformation.
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India. One shortcoming of India’s COVID-19 response was the low rate of testing
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and inadequate hygiene and sanitation. Non-COVID-19 health services have been disrupted. The
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administration. His suggestion that patients with COVID-19 might benefit from injections of disinfectant,
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Trump was describing the ‘attack’ of COVID-19 as being worse than Pearl Harbor and 9
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to a question about rapidly rising numbers of COVID-19 cases by saying, ‘So what? What do
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2036. * One important consequence of the COVID-19 health emergency was the focus it put
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higher risk of complications and death from COVID-19. Across the UK population, there were 5
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too. The epidemiology of deaths from COVID-19 also showed a clear relation between having
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people had died in care homes from COVID-19-related causes. Additional data showed that, between
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One of the lasting legacies of COVID-19 will be the silent human destruction it
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four times more likely to die from COVID-19 compared with their white counterparts. This
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economic characteristics, the risk of a COVID-19-related death for men and women of
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‘the difference between ethnic groups in COVID-19 mortality is partly a result of socio
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it was to care for people with COVID-19. And yet in many countries they
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doctor who died on the frontlines of COVID-19 care was Dr Abdul Mabud Chowdhury.
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and our families’, and he died of COVID-19 at the peak of the epidemic in London
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everyday clinical care. One lesson of COVID-19 is that every country must now begin
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COVID-19 pandemic according to underlying conditions and age, The Lancet, 12 May 2020. 5 The Politics of COVID-19
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Care(2006) The response of governments to COVID-19 represents the greatest political failure of Western
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and take seriously the early reports of COVID-19 coming from China, reports that clearly and
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countries that first experienced the effects of COVID-19? If not, why not? Second, there
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them unable to manage the response to COVID-19 effectively as the pandemic ensued. It left
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ultraviolet light and disinfectants for preventing and treating COVID-19, he displayed astonishing irresponsibility at a time
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claim is that China hid the fact of COVID-19. The claim is that WHO colluded with
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serious investigations’ into China’s handling of the COVID-19 outbreak. ‘We are not happy with China,’
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as defensive. In the case of COVID-19, China’s scientists and physicians acted decisively
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pandemic is to rewrite the history of COVID-19 and to marginalise the failings of Western
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and influence had never been greater. After COVID-19, its reputation had never been in more
…
dominated and shaped the international response to COVID-19. Globalism, international solidarity and cooperation between
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an unexpected twist in the story of COVID-19. As the world’s only global
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of US interests. And yet during COVID-19, and despite close collaboration between WHO
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infodemic – that emerged during the crisis of COVID-19. What was even more surprising and unexpected
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These efforts to rewrite the narrative of COVID-19 are important to document. Just as
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the seriousness of the clinical presentation of COVID-19. I sent a second tweet with a
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spoke to the nation. He said of COVID-19, ‘We didn’t fully understand its
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can be and must be refuted. * COVID-19 is not a crisis about health. It
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cases of COVID-19. People in hospital with COVID-19. Critical care beds with COVID-19 patients. Daily COVID-19 deaths in hospital
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might we draw from the effects of COVID-19 so far on human society? Some
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fact of experience’. We can view COVID-19 as a biological challenge to understand,
…
say about the politics of COVID-19? We must say, I think, that
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have lived and died with COVID-19. It is our task
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1787) As the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the US soared past 1 million at
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COVID-19 according to levels of socio-economic deprivation. The mortality rate of those with COVID-19
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fuelled the accumulating toll of death. COVID-19 has only amplified long-standing inequalities. Scientific
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t the organisation convene nations at an emergency COVID-19 summit immediately after it had declared a PHEIC
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leaving countries to struggle to respond to COVID-19 alone. * One of the lessons of
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’s pivotal role in calling out COVID-19 as an international health emergency. But
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with a person who had had COVID-19. Aggressive detection of new cases, contact
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be guaranteed. And if information about your COVID-19 status is necessary for digital surveillance to
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today. There are no simple answers. COVID-19 has seen a rebirth of the state.
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making. Many of the failures in COVID-19 responses had their origin in failures of transparency
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surveillance state and disciplinary society after COVID-19? I do not believe so.
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is its foundation. One surprise as the COVID-19 epidemic unfolded was the immense uncertainty that surrounded
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least at risk of severe forms of COVID-19, could they remain open? Should governments
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having a BCG vaccination protective against developing COVID-19? Was hydroxychloroquine, a drug widely used to
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, in perhaps the first serious response to COVID-19’s implications, predicts the possibility of an
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avoiding a ‘new barbarism’. But his conclusion that COVID-19 has precipitated the ‘disintegration of trust’ in governments,
…
being drawn between Britain’s response to COVID-19 and that of other European countries, Professor
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grateful for what we once had before COVID-19. We will be encouraged to be appreciative
…
the continuation of servitude’. If the hope after COVID-19 is for a more humane society – a
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estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income
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, 12 May 2020. 7. Slavoj Žižek, Pandemic! COVID-19 Shakes the World (Cambridge: Polity, 2020). 8.
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by François Delaporte, Disease and Civilization (1986) COVID-19 brought a divided world together and then divided
…
As UN Secretary General António Guterres noted, COVID-19 unleashed a ‘tsunami of hate and xenophobia,
…
anxiety and instability. The virus that caused COVID-19 isn’t going away. It will be
…
Some may even be acted upon. The COVID-19 crisis of 2020 will give rise to a
…
COVID-19 as ‘a portal, a gateway between one world and the next’.1 What might that other world look like? COVID-19 will change societies. COVID-19
…
has been brought into stark relief by COVID-19. The political, economic, social, technological
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more attention to strengthening social capital. COVID-19 will change governments. Politicians have understood
…
but not with Donald Trump as president. COVID-19 will change publics. Citizens will demand stronger
…
trade-off to win back our liberties. COVID-19 will change medicine. The concept of One
…
COVID-19 will change science. Research will speed up, and it will be fully integrated into clinical care. COVID-19
…
drugs and vaccines to treat and prevent COVID-19. Remdesivir has already received emergency approval by
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guiding ethical principle in the science of COVID-19 will be equity – world populations must
…
have our own observations and interpretations about COVID-19 too. I worry that our generation
…
issues shaping our future, which were discussed before COVID-19 struck, will be pushed to one side –
…
promise we are making to our children. COVID-19 must not divert us – or not divert
…
costs of COVID-19 to the next generation. I worry that one result of COVID-19 will
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of China. The overt racism that COVID-19 brought down on China is a
…
immense missed opportunity if the mishandling of COVID-19 led to a new phase of
…
– forget the facts and lessons of COVID-19, just as we forgot the facts and
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memory may help shape a nation.’5 COVID-19 has provided us with an opportunity to rethink
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the tragic toll of deaths. After COVID-19, it is no longer acceptable to see
…
COVID-19 pandemic. There is no ultimate meaning to be found in the lives needlessly lost – except for this thought perhaps. COVID-19
…
mine. Sovereignty is dead. The post-COVID-19 age will usher in a new era
…
But COVID-19 also shows the importance we should attach
…
. We are political beings. COVID-19 has taught us that we
by Geert Mak · 27 Oct 2021 · 722pp · 223,701 words
few migrants still managed to sneak in – 60,000 in 2019 alone – pressure on the islands increased even further. When in the spring of 2020 the coronavirus pandemic broke out, a total of 42,000 migrants were still stuck on the Greek islands, where there were facilities for only 6,200. The Moria
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3,000 people, yet in reality there were at least 12,000 camping there. That hopeless situation, in combination with all the restrictions of the Covid-19 crisis, led to an outburst of anger and despair. On a September night in 2020 the camp burned to the ground. Within two weeks a
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have given it a fine-looking name, SARS-CoV-2, or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the cause of a disease they have named Covid-19, but they still don’t know it very well. It’s capricious. It changes shape, too; new mutations keep turning up, some of which are
…
news totted up the latest death toll. As I write these lines, in late January 2021, more than 13,000 people are dying some days. Covid-19 has officially caused more than 2 million deaths, almost half a million Europeans among them. Imperial College’s School of Public Health in London has
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on their old traditions. Norway and Denmark, for instance, reacted firmly, quickly and effectively; ten months into the pandemic they had 600 and 2,000 Covid-19 deaths respectively, 11 and 37 per 100,000 residents. Sweden, a society of trust and individualism, placed most of the responsibility on citizens themselves. Swedish
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, in 2019 it caused almost 700,000 deaths worldwide. In total, AIDS has so far killed close to 33 million people. The virus that causes Covid-19 was described by pandemics specialist and science journalist David Quammen as neither anything new nor a fateful accident. ‘It was – it is – part of a
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in the huge church building, before fanning out again across the world. Just over a week later, one of them was discovered to have caught Covid-19. It then became clear that hundreds of members of the congregation had spread the disease across the globe, to places as far away as Burkina
…
home, as the mayor of Moscow put it, ‘with suitcases full of virus’. The evening of Friday 21 February saw Italy’s first death from Covid-19. The second followed a day later. That Sunday, eleven towns in Lombardy were cordoned off by the police and the army. Schools and theatres were
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a paramedic. The San Giuseppe church, a temporary storage place, was full of coffins for weeks. In late April 2020, the official number of Italian Covid-19 deaths was more than 25,000. In reality there were at least 10,000 more than that. Some thirty doctors had already died in and
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both be traced back to Italy, so this was clearly an Italian problem. On the evening of Friday 6 March, the Netherlands saw its first Covid-19 fatality. Barely a week later, only a handful of pigeons were walking the deserted streets of inner-city Amsterdam. The European Union initially did what
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by corpses. The United Kingdom was the slowest to react of all European countries; not until eight days after the deaths of the first three Covid-19 patients were large public events banned, and only fifteen days later was a form of lockdown introduced. (In Greece, for instance, the delay was zero
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about the new coronavirus as a Democrat hoax. It was little more than ordinary flu, he said, which his government had ‘completely under control’. When Covid-19 started killing thousands in America as elsewhere, it was all the fault of China; Trump claimed there was ‘convincing evidence’ that the virus had escaped
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the outcome that another major oil producer, Russia, was hoping for. In mid-March 2020, when most of the public was fully focused on the Covid-19 crisis, the global financial system became unstable again behind the scenes. On Monday 9 March, there was panic on the stock markets that lasted for
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in a failed state.’ For weeks, the leader of the Western world advocated taking hydroxychloroquine, a risky treatment for malaria, as the ultimate cure for Covid-19. In mid-April, although he later claimed he’d been asking a question sarcastically of reporters, Trump suggested that injecting patients with disinfectant might somehow
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to be implemented. The once so pro-European Italy felt abandoned by the rest of Europe during the refugee crisis, and now again, in the Covid-19 crisis. The Dutch and the Germans remembered all too clearly how its previous deputy prime minister, Matteo Salvini, had tried to violate all the budgetary
…
’ve now read a thousand commentaries pointing to ‘our excessive consumption’ and ‘our wild ride across the planet’. Is that not the true cause of Covid-19? Just look at the centre of Amsterdam. Why has it turned so quiet and peaceful? Because people are staying at home as requested, certainly, and
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in that sense; once it fully takes hold there will be little or nothing more we can do. ‘The truth of the matter is that Covid-19 will change our world in profound ways,’ writes Ivan Krastev. ‘Not because our societies want change or because there’s a consensus for the direction
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Amnesty International 360 Amsterdam, Netherlands 11, 63–4, 108, 142, 301–5; beauty of 302, 303, 305; centre, restoration of 302; contract killings in 303; Covid-19 and 493, 496, 508, 510, 529; economy in 302–3, 304–5; euro introduced in 31; financial crisis and 160; internationalization 304; migration and 297
…
, 395, 404, 420, 427 Bear Stearns 165 Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands 137 Behr, Winrich 18 Beirlant, Bart 123, 125–6 Belarus 269, 274 Belgium: Covid-19 and 495, 513, 525; euro introduced in 34; financial crisis and 153, 155, 156, 165–6; Flemish nationalism in 375, 451–8; immigration and 451
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, 486; Article 50 396, 425, 429; British economy and 392, 397, 399, 422–3, 425, 431; British passports and 432; campaign/vote 390–7, 422; Covid-19 and 496; immigration and 367, 388, 389, 391, 394, 397, 398, 423, 428; London anti-Brexit demonstration (2017) 430; Northern Ireland and 392, 395, 422
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, Russia 51–2, 295 Cheney, Dick 70, 263 Chicago School 26 China 7, 8, 19, 98; Belt and Road Initiative 7; climate change and 330; Covid-19 and 500–3, 504, 505, 507, 510, 511–12, 513, 514, 517, 518; euro crisis and 236–7; financial crisis and 164, 179; 9/11
…
, 340, 343, 512 Christie, Chris 408–9, 415–16, 500 Chryssópoulos, Chrístos 231–2 CIA 71, 72, 263, 265, 281, 414, 419, 438, 498 city: Covid-19 and 528; ‘Pact of Free Cities’ (2019) 476; resurgence of 456, 476 Ciudadanos 178 Civic Platform 202, 203 Clichy-sous-Bois riots, Paris (2005) 78
…
, 78, 312, 352, 478 Corbyn, Jeremy 178, 375, 386, 398, 423, 430, 474 Cosmopolitan Russia 49, 50 Costa, António 526 Council of Europe 176, 250 Covid-19 481, 491–531; austerity policies and 496, 510; breakthroughs around major shared experiences and 521–2; corona bonds 525–6; debt and 510–11; economy
…
, 109, 177 De Nederlandsche Bank 34, 152, 155, 156, 186 Denmark 12, 70, 78–9, 83, 476; arbejdsglaede (workplace culture) 354; austerity policies and 177; Covid-19 and 495; danskhed (Danishness) 353; EU and 352–3; financial crisis and 167, 177, 179–80, 186–7, 241; hygge (cosiness) 352–3, 354; immigration
…
Eritrea 112, 113, 118 Erlingsson, Benedikt 162, 163 Estonia 91, 99, 100, 175, 187, 263, 293 Eurasian Customs Union 274, 275, 294 euro 23, 117; Covid-19 and 525; crisis 127, 140, 177, 183, 209, 215–56, 339, 341, 342, 358, 361, 364, 389, 407, 447, 449, 472, 516, 524, 526, 527
…
, 249, 250–1, 252, 526 Euro-Islam 83 ‘Euromyth’ 393 European Banking Authority 479–80 European Capital of Culture 311–15 European Central Bank (ECB): Covid-19 and 516, 522, 524; eurozone debt crisis/euro crisis and 172, 226, 228–9, 230, 231, 232, 236, 237, 238–9, 240, 246, 249, 250
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European Commission 24, 98, 121, 122, 123, 125–6, 128, 132, 133, 403, 524; Brexit and 389, 423–4, 425; climate change and 328–9; Covid-19 and 503, 507, 508; eurozone debt crisis/euro crisis and 172, 230, 231, 235–6, 242, 480; headquarters 91, 121, 122, 127, 128, 129, 130
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–9; constitution referendums (2005) 133–6, 137, 138, 146, 147; Convention on the Future of Europe 133–4; CO2 emissions trade set up (2005) 327; Covid-19 and 503, 506, 507, 508, 513, 522–4, 525–6, 527, 530; crisis situations/‘events politics’ and 140; debt in member states, average national 171
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, 375, 380 France: car lobby 133, 143; Charlie Hebdo attacks (2015) 81, 353, 405; Clichy-sous-Bois riots (2005) 78; climate change and 324, 326; Covid-19 and 493, 494, 495, 498, 502, 503, 505, 506, 509, 512, 513, 515, 517, 525, 527; EU/European ideal and 139; euro crisis and 183
…
, 462, 486, 525; Berlin Wall see Berlin Wall; Brexit and 386, 429; climate change and 15, 329, 466, 480; coalition agreement (February 2018) 427–8; Covid-19 and 494, 496, 503–4, 505, 506, 508–9, 510, 513, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527; EU enlargement (1 May 2004) and 94, 96–7
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–56, 480–1; austerity policies in 175, 177, 178, 181, 218, 230, 231, 240, 241–3, 244–5; climate change and 325–6, 329, 405; Covid-19 and 494, 509, 515, 524; debt/euro crisis 145, 157, 160, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 207, 215–56, 339, 341, 342, 350
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: The Road to Serfdom 26 Hayman Capital 159 HBOS 159, 160–1, 167, 187 headscarves, Muslim women’s 83, 456 healthcare: austerity policies and 510; Covid-19 see Covid-19; EU and 503, 508; privatization/commercialization of 29, 510 Heinz 384, 399 Hellenic Statistical Authority 35, 248 Hessel, Stéphane: Indignez-Vous! (Time for Outrage
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Hungary 40; anti-Semitism in 17–18, 102, 208, 209–12, 353, 367, 484, 489–90; climate change and 329; constitution 107; corruption in 201; Covid-19 and 512, 524; economy 201, 202–3; EU, joins (2004) 91, 95–6, 98, 99–101, 104–5; EU payments to 98, 107; financial crisis
…
Turmoil (BBC documentary) 245–6 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty (1987) 7, 437 International Herald Tribune 146, 170 International Monetary Fund (IMF) 41, 43; Covid-19 and 494; eurozone debt crisis/euro crisis and 172, 173, 174, 223, 225, 229, 231, 232, 233, 241, 242, 243, 245, 248, 249, 253; financial
…
64, 79–80, 81, 111, 340, 405, 406, 476 Istendael, Geert van 316, 371 Italy: austerity policies in 175–6, 177; climate change and 325; Covid-19 and 492, 494, 495, 505, 506–7, 515, 516, 524, 525; EU and modernization of 139; European debt crisis/euro crisis and 172, 224, 232
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Capital 124–5, 312 mental health 176, 188 Mercouri, Melina 311–12 Merkel, Angela 171, 429, 449, 461; AfD and 178; Brexit and 386, 429; Covid-19 and 509; Greek debt crisis/euro crisis and 226, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 235, 237, 238, 252; migrant/refugee crisis and 339, 341, 342
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Health Service (NHS) 390, 398, 471, 496 nationalism 13, 64, 79, 88, 138; Brexit and 392, 396–7, 398, 433, 475; Catalonian 440–50, 484; Covid-19 and 508, 512; Flemish 375, 451–8; German 252, 508; Hungarian 104, 489, 490; Italian 368; Polish 102, 104, 178, 189, 192–5, 202, 209
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, 330, 529; austerity policies in 174, 175, 176, 510; birdlife declines in 321, 323; Christianity losses central role in 84; climate change and 329, 480; Covid-19 and 494, 496, 498, 506, 508, 510, 511, 513, 524, 525, 526, 528–9; Dutch polder economic model 26; EU constitution referendum (2005) and 133
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Norway 1, 2–8, 13, 38–40, 41, 53, 55–6, 68, 80–1, 184, 353; Brexit and 403, 475; Cold War and 5, 38; Covid-19 and 495; EU, payments to 391; Globus III 7–8; immigration and 116–17, 336–7; referendums on EU membership (1972) and (1994) 391; Russia
…
–2 Platteau, Pierre 10, 122 Podemos 178, 181, 375, 528 Poland 18, 189–214; austerity policies 175; climate change and 328–9; corruption in 201; Covid-19 and 512; emigration of citizens to UK 96, 391; EU and Russian threat to 139; EU payments to 98; EU used as scapegoat within 208
…
control of entire 207, 208; white replacement theory and 81. See also individual nation and leader name Poroshenko, Petro 292, 295–6 Portugal 70, 73; Covid-19 and 525, 526; European constitution referendum (not held) 133–4; eurozone debt crisis/euro crisis and 172, 178–9, 180, 183, 224, 226, 228, 229
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and 390, 414; capital flight from 291–2; Chechnya and 51–2, 295; corruption in 259, 264–5, 267–8, 271; Cosmopolitan Russia 49–50; Covid-19 and 511–12, 513, 515; Crimea annexation (2014) 5, 6, 276, 282–4, 289; cultural life under Putin 269–71; cyberattacks 263, 293, 414, 434
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; austerity policies and 175, 176, 177, 181; Barcelona terror attack (2017) 82; Catalonia secession and 178, 440–6, 450, 484, 512; climate change and 329; Covid-19 and 492, 494, 495, 504–5, 509, 513, 515, 524, 525; decentralized system of government 440; EU and modernization of 139; European constitution referendum (2005
…
of the Deal and 411, 412, 417–18; ‘big lie’ 518–19; Brexit and 390, 432–3; Congress attack (6 January 2021) and 520–1; Covid-19 and 500, 502–3, 514, 515, 517–18; D-Day commemoration (2019) and 471, 472–3; Deutsche Bank and 411, 412; EU and 432, 437
…
, 373, 436, 514, 520, 521 UBS 167, 187 Ugrešić, Dubravka 89 UK: austerity policies in 175, 177, 385; Brexit see Brexit; climate change and 324; Covid-19 and 496, 504–5, 509–10, 523; EU enlargement (1 May 2004) and 94, 96, 386, 388; European constitution referendum (not held) 134; European Economic
…
267 United States 2, 22; climate change and 327–8, 330; Congress 69, 410, 421, 499, 520, 521; Congress attacked (6 January 2021) 520–1; Covid-19 and 499–500, 503, 506, 512, 514–17, 518, 528; Department of Defense 69–70; euro crisis and 229, 230, 234–5, 238, 240; exceptionalism
by Ernest Scheyder · 30 Jan 2024 · 355pp · 133,726 words
and Thieves Who Got Rich While We Got Sick, J. David McSwane’s deep dive into the shady financial underbelly of the governmental response to COVID-19. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine further focused these fears. Energy security used to be about crude oil and natural gas. Now it’s also about
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more than 2 million EVs, and enough nickel to build more than 60,000 EVs.34 In 2019—the last full year not affected by the coronavirus pandemic—nearly 250,000 EVs were sold in the United States.35 EV sales in the country were slightly above 400,000 in 202136 and 807
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weapons-grade minerals, one of its divisions for years, under Democratic and Republican presidencies alike, sold domestic stockpiles of minerals considered strategic.54 Trump used the coronavirus pandemic to fast-track development of the Thacker Pass lithium project in Nevada, even while he killed the proposed Pebble Mine in Alaska, which would have
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benefit of hindsight, his decision to buy the hardware store and its lumber yard in January of that year for $800,000 was ill-timed; the coronavirus pandemic quickly spread and shuttered the global economy. Sales plummeted, which surprised Lewis as he expected the opposite with his customers locked in their homes and
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boy, he remembered his grandmother visiting Oak Flat for weeks at a time to gather Emory acorns, which are used to make traditional medicines. During the coronavirus pandemic, Apache would also gather other plants at the site for medicinal purposes, he said. “People have been making journeys up there to get those plants
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in America, give little thought to how many of the products they buy are built, that was slowly beginning to change in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic. A Nike shirt may have been made in Vietnam, but where was the cotton grown, for instance? Increasingly, brands were being asked for these kinds
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science.”54 It’s that last line that made me chuckle, as it clearly had been cribbed from talking points that had grown common during the coronavirus pandemic. DeBeltz wore a polo shirt with a Twin Metals logo and light khaki pants. As we left the Twin Metals offices, he and a colleague
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billion more for investors, including Litinsky. Backed by the venture capitalist and former Facebook executive Chamath Palihapitiya, the stock offering was an aggressive target during the coronavirus pandemic, but one that paradoxically made use of fears about supply chains for products key to Americans’ everyday lives.125 It was an immense turnaround from
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necessary regulatory step that showed the permitting process was moving forward. The regulators did not even slow down the timeline for public comment due to the coronavirus pandemic, irking the state’s two U.S. senators.21 Loda grew frustrated by the timeline imposed on his office. “[W]e’re not going to
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site to something akin to what it had looked like before digging commenced. Later that year, during the U.S. 2020 presidential election campaign and the coronavirus pandemic, Loda decided his office did not need to make any changes to its report on how the mine could affect the region. “We have concluded
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the United States. “I knew that someday, people would want to have supply chains that weren’t as distributed as they had become,” he said. The coronavirus pandemic turbocharged that reality. So, too, did the fight against climate change, though Evans like many other executives had not realized how quickly national and international
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receive a fair hearing.54 In 2019, Trump officials said they would restart the regulatory review process for the project.55 By July 2020, as the coronavirus pandemic raged and the U.S. presidential election season was in full swing, Trump officials said they were on the verge of approving the project, calling
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April 2020, Patterson had reached a settlement with BLM and left the agency.11 He worked for a fire department for a few months during the coronavirus pandemic and in 2022 was an independent, write-in candidate for a seat in Nevada’s state senate. (He did not win.) While Furtado remained at
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, to make nearly 400,000 electric vehicles each year for at least thirty years.27 It was an upbeat outlook despite the early onslaught of the coronavirus pandemic, which was trapping many of the company’s investors and executives at their home base in Australia. Calaway, who was chairman of the company’s
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sixteen years, the acreage remained in limbo. Warren and Sonya built a successful property management company in Charlotte. But then in March 2020, just as the coronavirus pandemic began sweeping across the United States, rumors that had lingered in the county grew more intense: An Australia-based company wanted to extract lithium somewhere
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list of a thousand people we pitched unsuccessfully.” They also started trying a bunch of random experiments, including shredding a battery in a kitchen blender. The coronavirus pandemic turned out to be a godsend for Li-Cycle, Kochhar, and Johnston. By forcing the world to contend with long supply chains for everyday goods
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didn’t bite, the product perhaps of his unwillingness to engage on the topic or his fixation on more-pressing campaign issues at the time. (COVID-19, Russia, his son Hunter.) Biden, of course, bested Donald Trump in the election and was inaugurated on January 20, 2021. He spent the next year
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of the battery metal.61 “Maybe Washington has other things to worry about?” I replied, an implicit reference to Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, the coronavirus pandemic, and the tottering economy. Khalil smiled and then turned to Egan sitting on the dais before us. “This is crazy!” she mouthed to him. “I
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website, accessed December 16, 2022, www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd491179.pdf. 58. McCain died in 2018 and his archives were sealed during the coronavirus pandemic. 59. Author’s interview with Marlowe Cassadore, March 31, 2021. 60. Redniss, Oak Flat, 171. 61. Philips, “Inside the Billion-Dollar Dig to America’s
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/news/u-s-to-be-rerouted-around-fmi-morenci-copper-mine/article_e0b3489a-bc36-11e4-b941-2fae514b31d0.html. 17. Melanie Burton, “Copper Takes Aim at COVID-19 with Virus-Killer Coatings,” Reuters, May 8, 2020, www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-copper-antimicrobi/copper-takes-aim-at
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-covid-19-with-virus-killer-coatings-idUSKBN22K0RX. 18. Freeport-McMoRan Form 10-K Annual Report for 2021, 39. 19. Author’s interview with Richard Adkerson, December 2,
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, 34, 82–95, 165–69 see also Resolution copper project Copper Corridor, 33 coral, 64, 66–67 Cortez Masto, Catherine, 143–46 Cotton, Tom, 124 COVID-19 pandemic, 10, 11–12, 14, 50, 122, 130–31, 148, 174–75, 194, 237 Credit Suisse, 296 Crook, George, 32 Cruz, Ted, 123 Curtis, Benjamin
by Karen Cheung · 15 Feb 2022 · 297pp · 96,945 words
half-million-strong protest march on July 1, 2003, the bar welcomed scores of activists, journalists, and artists but eventually succumbed to unaffordable rents during the coronavirus pandemic. It was my favorite watering hole. “Financially, I really couldn’t hang on,” owner Grace Ma said in an interview. “It’s time to move
…
dances through my office building to offer luck, and we are given lettuce scraps to stuff into our red packets. This is just before the Covid-19 pandemic hits, although we are already wearing masks. No one here has forgotten the devastation of SARS. I’ve been avoiding new year celebrations since
…
-five. SARS was a blur, I’ll say to a friend over a lunch of French toast in 2019, after the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic has been temporarily contained in Hong Kong. If I had been older back then, like I am now, I suppose it would have been
…
sun. This was my home and I could not opt out of caring about its future. The protests eventually died down with the arrival of the coronavirus pandemic, but the crackdown continued in more insidious ways: In mid-2020, China passed a law that would outlaw all dissent. The street battles are gone
…
the New Year’s Eve countdown in 2019 at a cozy bar in To Kwa Wan, months before the national security law was passed and Covid-19 made such gatherings impossible. The audience yelling, “Revolution of our times” in Cantonese in between sets at these live houses, when you least expect it
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reserved every weekend for marching in some different district in Hong Kong, and each Monday, I showed up to my office job as usual. Then, Covid-19 hit in early 2020, and a few months later the national security law was enacted. I ask Laujan how this has affected her art. “Because
…
REFERENCE IN TEXT closed my pier off to the public: Kathleen Magramo, “Hong Kong’s ‘Instagram Pier’ Closed to the Public by Officials Reportedly Citing Covid-19 Concerns,” South China Morning Post, March 1, 2021, https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3123607/hong-kongs-instagram-pier-closed-public-officials
by Lionel Barber · 3 Oct 2024 · 424pp · 123,730 words
. That same day, the World Health Organization announced it had a name for the new virus strain: Covid-19. On 10 March, Masa broke a three-year Twitter silence to say he was ‘worried’ about Covid-19. He promised to offer one million free tests for the virus. People could take a nasal swab
…
this time. Two months earlier, coinciding with SoftBank’s share buy-back plans, the world’s central banks announced emergency measures to respond to the Covid-19 economic shock. By lending freely to American financial firms, purchasing low-yield bonds and underwriting the value of some American junk debt, they eased the
…
wanted to meet him; no one could afford to turn down his money. Then, in the blink of an eye, came the collapse of WeWork, the coronavirus pandemic and SoftBank’s brush with corporate death. Twelve months on, Masa was desperate to mount yet another comeback. His plan was to shift into public
…
bad with the timing and so on.’6 As the Northstar strategy unravelled, Masa spoke of a winter storm enveloping SoftBank and the global economy. The coronavirus pandemic disrupted global supply chains, reminding the West about the dangers of dependency on China, where many believed the virus had originated. For more than a
…
politics,’ says a close colleague, ‘but the arrival of Xi changed everything.’ 29. Blizzard Throughout 2021, trapped inside his Tokyo mansion, fearful of contracting the Covid-19 virus, Masa found solace in painting. In the early hours, he sketched French beaches, Van Gogh-style landscapes and portraits. One young woman in white
…
(AI); internet; mobile internet; software technology; telecoms Computer Weekly, 78 Confucian thought, 119, 146, 147 Costner, Kevin, 129–30 Cotsakos, Christos, 134 Coupang, 236, 319 Covid-19 pandemic, 298–302, 303, 306, 312, 314, 315, 320, 326*, 328 credit rating agencies, 184–5, 229, 306 Credit Suisse, 306, 319 Cringely, Robert X
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, 297, 298–9, 300–301, 302; call options, 312; collapse of Lehman Brothers (15 September 2008), 194, 196, 197, 235; ‘conglomerate discount’, 295, 296, 308; Covid-19 emergency measures by central banks, 301–2, 312, 316; Dai-Ichi Kangyo loan, 55, 61; financial instruments, 181, 184, 235, 282, 312; hyper-globalization, 4
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, 313–14, 316–17, 322–3; and geopolitical context in recent years, 314, 320–22, 324, 332; highest ever annual loss (2020), 301; impact of Covid-19 pandemic, 298–302, 303, 306, 314, 320; impact of global financial crisis (2008), 194–7, 201; indebtedness levels in 1990s, 98–9, 107–11, 115
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by Oliver Bullough · 10 Mar 2022 · 257pp · 80,698 words
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by Jeff Goodell · 10 Jul 2023 · 347pp · 108,323 words
by Nancy Jo Sales · 17 May 2021 · 445pp · 135,648 words
by Bradley Hope · 1 Nov 2022 · 257pp · 77,612 words
by Temple Grandin, Ph.d. · 11 Oct 2022
by Vaclav Smil · 4 May 2021 · 252pp · 60,959 words
by Po Bronson · 14 Jul 2020 · 320pp · 95,629 words
by Juli Berwald · 4 Apr 2022 · 495pp · 114,451 words
by Alan Weisman · 21 Apr 2025 · 599pp · 149,014 words
by Kashmir Hill · 19 Sep 2023 · 487pp · 124,008 words
by Premilla Nadasen · 10 Oct 2023 · 288pp · 82,972 words
by Anu Bradford · 25 Sep 2023 · 898pp · 236,779 words
by Lonely Planet
by Ted Conover · 1 Nov 2022 · 391pp · 106,255 words
by Eric J. Johnson · 12 Oct 2021 · 362pp · 103,087 words
by Diane Coyle · 15 Apr 2025 · 321pp · 112,477 words
by Richard Rumelt · 27 Apr 2022 · 363pp · 109,834 words
by Daniel Susskind · 16 Apr 2024 · 358pp · 109,930 words
by Angel Au-Yeung and David Jeans · 25 Apr 2023 · 427pp · 134,098 words
by Matthew Campbell and Kit Chellel · 2 May 2022 · 363pp · 98,496 words
by Antti Ilmanen · 24 Feb 2022
by Susan Linn · 12 Sep 2022 · 415pp · 102,982 words
by Tao Leigh. Goffe · 14 Mar 2025 · 441pp · 122,013 words
by Eliza Reid · 15 Jul 2021
by Aaron Benanav · 3 Nov 2020 · 175pp · 45,815 words
by Mehdi Hasan · 27 Feb 2023 · 307pp · 93,073 words
by Kyle Chayka · 15 Jan 2024 · 321pp · 105,480 words
by Orly Lobel · 17 Oct 2022 · 370pp · 112,809 words
by Megan Greenwell · 18 Apr 2025 · 385pp · 103,818 words
by Ingrid Robeyns · 16 Jan 2024 · 327pp · 110,234 words
by Tawny Lara · 19 Sep 2023 · 154pp · 45,857 words
by Mark Bergen · 5 Sep 2022 · 642pp · 141,888 words
by Shibani Mahtani and Timothy McLaughlin · 7 Nov 2023 · 348pp · 110,533 words
by Andri Snaer Magnason · 15 Sep 2021 · 272pp · 77,108 words
by Johann Hari · 25 Jan 2022 · 390pp · 120,864 words
by Rough Guides · 14 Mar 2022 · 130pp · 33,900 words
by Matthew Williams · 23 Mar 2021 · 592pp · 125,186 words
by Tim Berners-Lee · 8 Sep 2025 · 347pp · 100,038 words
by Alec Ross · 13 Sep 2021 · 363pp · 109,077 words
by Beth Macy · 6 Oct 2025 · 373pp · 97,653 words
by Beth Shapiro · 15 Dec 2021 · 338pp · 105,112 words
by DK · 162pp · 32,864 words
by DK · 171pp · 34,369 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 168pp · 33,675 words
by Kenneth Rogoff · 27 Feb 2025 · 330pp · 127,791 words
by Danny Funt · 20 Jan 2026 · 285pp · 100,897 words
by Zoë Schiffer · 13 Feb 2024 · 343pp · 92,693 words
by Louisa Lim · 19 Apr 2022
by James Ashton · 11 May 2023 · 401pp · 113,586 words
by Nicolas Niarchos · 20 Jan 2026 · 654pp · 170,150 words
by Quinn Slobodian · 4 Apr 2023 · 360pp · 107,124 words
by Heather Heying and Bret Weinstein · 14 Sep 2021 · 384pp · 105,110 words
by Matthew Yglesias · 14 Sep 2020
by Nicole Kobie · 3 Jul 2024 · 348pp · 119,358 words
by Nicola Twilley · 24 Jun 2024 · 428pp · 125,388 words
by Nick Kostov · 8 Aug 2022 · 327pp · 90,013 words
by Laura Trethewey · 15 May 2023
by Daniel Crosby · 19 Sep 2024 · 229pp · 73,085 words
by Mehrsa Baradaran · 7 May 2024 · 470pp · 158,007 words
by Fodor's Travel Guides · 23 Aug 2022
by Raj M. Shah and Christopher Kirchhoff · 8 Jul 2024 · 272pp · 103,638 words
by Paige McClanahan · 17 Jun 2024 · 206pp · 78,882 words
by Byrne Hobart and Tobias Huber · 29 Oct 2024 · 292pp · 106,826 words
by Henry Sanderson · 12 Sep 2022 · 292pp · 87,720 words
by David G. W. Birch · 14 Apr 2020 · 247pp · 60,543 words
by Johan Norberg · 14 Jun 2023 · 295pp · 87,204 words
by Jeffrey D. Sachs · 2 Jun 2020
by Jeff John Roberts · 15 Dec 2020 · 226pp · 65,516 words
by Edward Slingerland · 31 May 2021
by Michael A. Heller and James Salzman · 2 Mar 2021 · 332pp · 100,245 words
by Torben Iversen and Philipp Rehm · 18 May 2022
by Matthew Ball · 18 Jul 2022 · 412pp · 116,685 words
by Fodor’s Travel Guides · 1 Aug 2022
by Maria Ressa · 19 Oct 2022
by Jacob Ward · 25 Jan 2022 · 292pp · 94,660 words
by Michal Zalewski · 11 Jan 2022 · 337pp · 96,666 words
by Dean Burnett · 10 Jan 2023 · 536pp · 126,051 words
by Isabella Noble and Regis St Louis · 15 Nov 2022 · 541pp · 135,952 words
by Johannes Krause and Thomas Trappe · 8 Apr 2021 · 218pp · 62,621 words
by Glyn Moody · 26 Sep 2022 · 295pp · 66,912 words
by Zeke Faux · 11 Sep 2023 · 385pp · 106,848 words
by Amy B. Zegart · 6 Nov 2021
by Paris Marx · 4 Jul 2022 · 295pp · 81,861 words
by Roma Agrawal · 2 Mar 2023 · 290pp · 80,461 words
by Alec MacGillis · 16 Mar 2021 · 426pp · 136,925 words
by Rough Guides · 18 Jul 2024
by Keach Hagey · 19 May 2025 · 439pp · 125,379 words
by Dan McCrum · 15 Jun 2022 · 361pp · 117,566 words
by Rick Wartzman · 15 Nov 2022 · 215pp · 69,370 words
by Jennifer Breheny Wallace · 21 Aug 2023 · 309pp · 86,747 words
by Hawon Jung · 21 Mar 2023 · 401pp · 112,589 words
by Christopher Summerfield · 11 Mar 2025 · 412pp · 122,298 words
by Spencer Jakab · 1 Feb 2022 · 420pp · 94,064 words
by Stefan Al · 11 Apr 2022 · 300pp · 81,293 words
by Andrew McAfee · 14 Nov 2023 · 381pp · 113,173 words
by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner · 16 Feb 2023 · 353pp · 97,029 words
by Ed Conway · 15 Jun 2023 · 515pp · 152,128 words
by Pamela Prickett and Stefan Timmermans · 11 Mar 2024 · 405pp · 113,895 words
by Denise Hearn and Vass Bednar · 14 Oct 2024 · 175pp · 46,192 words
by Edward Chancellor · 15 Aug 2022 · 829pp · 187,394 words
by Kelly Starrett and Juliet Starrett · 3 Apr 2023 · 341pp · 99,495 words
by Elle Reeve · 9 Jul 2024
by Paulina Rowinska · 5 Jun 2024 · 361pp · 100,834 words
by Nick Romeo · 15 Jan 2024 · 343pp · 103,376 words
by Bregman, Rutger · 9 Mar 2025 · 181pp · 72,663 words
by Jimmy Wales · 28 Oct 2025 · 216pp · 60,419 words
by Megan Kimble · 2 Apr 2024 · 430pp · 117,211 words
by Liz Pelly · 7 Jan 2025 · 293pp · 104,461 words
by Rough Guides · 14 Oct 2024 · 882pp · 240,215 words
by Jared Sullivan · 15 Oct 2024 · 545pp · 147,673 words
by Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson · 15 May 2023 · 619pp · 177,548 words
by Evan Friss · 5 Aug 2024 · 493pp · 120,793 words
by Noa Tishby · 5 Apr 2021 · 338pp · 101,967 words
by Thomas S. Mullaney, Benjamin Peters, Mar Hicks and Kavita Philip · 9 Mar 2021 · 661pp · 156,009 words
by Johan Norberg · 14 Sep 2020 · 505pp · 138,917 words
by Devon Price · 5 Jan 2021 · 362pp · 87,462 words
by Eliot Higgins · 2 Mar 2021 · 277pp · 70,506 words
by Selina Todd · 11 Feb 2021 · 598pp · 150,801 words
by Tim Higgins · 2 Aug 2021 · 430pp · 135,418 words
by Xiaowei Wang · 12 Oct 2020 · 196pp · 61,981 words
by M. Nolan Gray · 20 Jun 2022 · 252pp · 66,183 words
by Daniel Lieberman · 2 Sep 2020 · 687pp · 165,457 words
by Anthony Ham · 15 Nov 2022 · 124pp · 30,403 words
by Gary Gerstle · 14 Oct 2022 · 655pp · 156,367 words
by Sahil Bloom · 4 Feb 2025 · 363pp · 94,341 words
by Frank Vogl · 14 Jul 2021 · 265pp · 80,510 words
by Matt Simon · 24 Jun 2022 · 254pp · 82,981 words
by Rough Guides · 5 Apr 2023 · 129pp · 32,723 words
by Carrie-Marie Bratley · 15 Mar 2021 · 743pp · 193,663 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 22 Dec 2022 · 157pp · 39,207 words
by Lonely Planet · 1,236pp · 320,184 words
by Rough Guides · 2 Feb 2025
by Rough Guides · 26 Mar 2022
by Lonely Planet · 1,410pp · 363,093 words
by Vauhini Vara · 8 Apr 2025 · 301pp · 105,209 words
by Christopher M. Palmer Md · 15 Nov 2022 · 402pp · 107,908 words
by Paul Scharre · 18 Jan 2023
by Hans Gremeil and William Sposato · 15 Dec 2021 · 404pp · 126,447 words
by Yascha Mounk · 19 Apr 2022 · 442pp · 112,155 words
by Allen, Gregory;Lipska, Magdalena;Culture Smart!; · 15 Jun 2023 · 125pp · 35,679 words
by Eva Dou · 14 Jan 2025 · 394pp · 110,159 words
by Chris Hayes · 28 Jan 2025 · 359pp · 100,761 words
by Mark Synnott · 14 Apr 2025 · 443pp · 140,219 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 166pp · 34,003 words
by W. David Marx · 18 Nov 2025 · 642pp · 142,332 words
by Richard Beck · 2 Sep 2024 · 715pp · 212,449 words
by Eric Berger · 23 Sep 2024 · 375pp · 113,230 words
by Insight Guides · 15 Dec 2022
by Kenneth Payne · 16 Jun 2021 · 339pp · 92,785 words
by Rough Guides · 14 Oct 2023 · 1,955pp · 521,661 words
by Rough Guides · 29 Apr 2024 · 558pp · 147,947 words
by Johann Hari · 7 May 2024 · 315pp · 98,972 words
by Rough Guides · 15 Jan 2022
by Sara C. Bronin · 30 Sep 2024 · 230pp · 74,949 words
by Gabriel Winant · 23 Mar 2021 · 563pp · 136,190 words
by Michael Strevens · 12 Oct 2020
by Eliot Brown and Maureen Farrell · 19 Jul 2021 · 460pp · 130,820 words
by Carl Zimmer · 9 Mar 2021 · 392pp · 109,945 words
by Henry A Kissinger, Eric Schmidt and Daniel Huttenlocher · 2 Nov 2021 · 194pp · 57,434 words
by Julie Battilana and Tiziana Casciaro · 30 Aug 2021 · 345pp · 92,063 words
by Lonely Planet · 15 Apr 2024 · 122pp · 31,426 words
by Ben Tarnoff · 13 Jun 2022 · 234pp · 67,589 words
by Peter Biskind · 6 Nov 2023 · 543pp · 143,084 words
by David Enrich · 5 Oct 2022 · 373pp · 108,788 words
by Huib Modderkolk · 1 Sep 2021 · 295pp · 84,843 words
by Sathnam Sanghera · 28 Jan 2021 · 430pp · 111,038 words
by Sally Adee · 27 Feb 2023 · 329pp · 101,233 words
by Devon Price · 4 Apr 2022 · 456pp · 101,959 words
by Rough Guides · 11 Mar 2022 · 128pp · 32,434 words
by Rough Guides · 15 Oct 2023
by J. Bradford Delong · 6 Apr 2020 · 593pp · 183,240 words
by Christopher Miller · 17 Jul 2023 · 469pp · 149,526 words
by Rough Guides · 1 Jan 2024 · 1,383pp · 367,401 words
by Fodor's Travel Guides · 29 Nov 2022 · 373pp · 107,111 words
by Nicholas Carr · 28 Jan 2025 · 231pp · 85,135 words
by Anne Helen Petersen · 14 Jan 2021 · 297pp · 88,890 words
by Christian Davenport · 6 Sep 2025 · 441pp · 127,950 words
by Michael Gross · 562pp · 177,195 words
by DK · 165pp · 33,561 words
by Jennifer Breheny Wallace · 13 Jan 2026 · 206pp · 68,830 words
by Eric Lonergan and Mark Blyth · 15 Jun 2020 · 194pp · 56,074 words
by Earl Swift · 5 Jul 2021 · 410pp · 120,234 words
by Ali Tamaseb · 14 Sep 2021 · 251pp · 80,831 words
by Reeves Wiedeman · 19 Oct 2020 · 303pp · 100,516 words
by Barry Meier · 17 May 2021 · 319pp · 89,192 words
by Rough Guides · 1 Jun 2023 · 126pp · 31,039 words
by Lonely Planet · 135pp · 33,344 words
by Eddie Robson · 27 Jun 2022 · 294pp · 81,850 words
by Joshua Becker · 19 Apr 2022 · 215pp · 62,479 words
by Vaclav Smil · 2 Mar 2021 · 1,324pp · 159,290 words
by Stephen Witt · 8 Apr 2025 · 260pp · 82,629 words
by Grant Sabatier · 10 Mar 2025 · 442pp · 126,902 words
by Yaroslav Trofimov · 9 Jan 2024 · 399pp · 112,620 words
by DK Eyewitness · 4 Oct 2021 · 268pp · 35,416 words
by Adam Becker · 14 Jun 2025 · 381pp · 119,533 words
by Sherry Walling, Rob Walling · 22 Nov 2024 · 215pp · 60,241 words
by Benjamin Wallace · 18 Mar 2025 · 431pp · 116,274 words
by Lonely Planet · 135pp · 31,818 words
by Oded Galor · 22 Mar 2022 · 426pp · 83,128 words
by Rough Guides · 1 May 2023 · 688pp · 190,793 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 5 Apr 2023 · 168pp · 33,200 words
by M. E. Sarotte · 29 Nov 2021 · 791pp · 222,536 words
by Andreas Malm · 4 Jan 2021 · 156pp · 49,653 words
by Rough Guides · 1 Oct 2023 · 125pp · 32,332 words
by DK · 168pp · 32,806 words
by Lonely Planet · 14 May 2024 · 232pp · 61,272 words
by Laverne Ferguson-Kosinski and C. Darren Price · 8 Jan 2023 · 570pp · 186,017 words
by Christian Wolmar · 9 Jun 2022 · 337pp · 100,260 words
by Ben Smith · 2 May 2023
by Johnjoe McFadden · 27 Sep 2021
by Scott J. Shapiro · 523pp · 154,042 words
by Chris Nashawaty · 251pp · 86,553 words
by Edward Chancellor · 31 May 2000 · 860pp · 227,491 words
by James R. Hansen · 4 Jul 2023 · 362pp · 134,405 words
by Tom Burgis · 7 Sep 2020 · 476pp · 139,761 words
by Stephanie Marie Seferian · 19 Jan 2021
by Andrew W. Lo and Stephen R. Foerster · 16 Aug 2021 · 542pp · 145,022 words
by Chris Smaje · 14 Aug 2020 · 375pp · 105,586 words
by Rory Stewart · 13 Sep 2023 · 534pp · 157,700 words
by Andy Greenberg · 15 Nov 2022 · 494pp · 121,217 words
by Dan Bouk · 22 Aug 2022 · 424pp · 123,180 words
by Karen Hao · 19 May 2025 · 660pp · 179,531 words
by Julien Saunders and Kiersten Saunders · 13 Jun 2022 · 268pp · 64,786 words
by Rough Guides · 24 May 2022
by Kevin Cook · 30 Jan 2023 · 277pp · 86,352 words
by Brian Merchant · 25 Sep 2023 · 524pp · 154,652 words
by G. Elliott Morris · 11 Jul 2022 · 252pp · 71,176 words
by Nicklas Brendborg · 17 Jan 2023 · 222pp · 68,595 words
by Rough Guides · 1 Mar 2023 · 919pp · 252,171 words
by Ada Ferrer · 6 Sep 2021 · 723pp · 211,892 words
by Tracee Stanley · 9 Mar 2021
by Grace Beverley
by Nick Maggiulli · 15 May 2022 · 287pp · 62,824 words
by Sarah Allaback · 14 Mar 2025 · 346pp · 99,142 words
by Lonely Planet · 233pp · 61,033 words
by Loren Grush · 11 Sep 2023 · 375pp · 127,360 words
by Tim. Clancy · 15 Mar 2022 · 716pp · 209,067 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 168pp · 34,292 words
by Dk Eyewitness
by Peter Robison · 29 Nov 2021 · 382pp · 105,657 words
by Rana Mitter
by Vivek H. Murthy, M.D. · 5 Mar 2020 · 405pp · 112,470 words
by Simon Baron-Cohen · 14 Aug 2020
by Roger L. Martin · 28 Sep 2020 · 600pp · 72,502 words
by David Rooney · 16 Aug 2021 · 306pp · 84,649 words
by James Bridle · 6 Apr 2022 · 502pp · 132,062 words
by Paul Hawken · 17 Mar 2025 · 250pp · 63,703 words
by Patrick Winn · 30 Jan 2024 · 425pp · 131,864 words
by Nick Maggiulli · 22 Jul 2025
by Rachel Feltman · 14 May 2022 · 306pp · 88,545 words
by Tim Queeney · 11 Aug 2025 · 264pp · 88,907 words
by Natalie Starkey · 29 Sep 2021 · 309pp · 97,320 words
by Seth Stephens-Davidowitz · 9 May 2022 · 287pp · 69,655 words
by Hans Kundnani · 16 Aug 2023 · 198pp · 54,815 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 167pp · 34,693 words
by Chris van Tulleken · 26 Jun 2023 · 448pp · 123,273 words
by Stuart Ritchie · 20 Jul 2020
by Blake Crouch · 6 Jul 2022 · 396pp · 96,049 words
by Hannah Gadsby · 15 Mar 2022 · 373pp · 132,377 words
by Cameron McWhirter and Zusha Elinson · 25 Sep 2023 · 525pp · 166,724 words
by Jack D. Schwager · 2 Nov 2020
by Malcolm Harris · 14 Feb 2023 · 864pp · 272,918 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 170pp · 35,516 words
by Sarah Berman · 19 Apr 2021 · 399pp · 107,932 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 28 Sep 2021
by Maximilian Kasy · 15 Jan 2025 · 209pp · 63,332 words
by Isabel Wilkerson · 14 Sep 2020 · 470pp · 137,882 words
by Anthony Bourdain and Laurie Woolever · 19 Apr 2021 · 366pp · 110,374 words
by Edward McClelland · 2 Feb 2021 · 264pp · 74,785 words
by Annalee Newitz · 2 Feb 2021 · 290pp · 82,220 words
by Eileen M. Collins and Jonathan H. Ward · 13 Sep 2021 · 394pp · 107,778 words
by Dr. Julie Smith · 11 Jan 2022 · 481pp · 72,071 words
by Mark Vanhoenacker · 14 Aug 2022 · 393pp · 127,847 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 171pp · 34,535 words
by Benjamin Breen · 16 Jan 2024 · 384pp · 118,573 words
by Sofi Thanhauser · 25 Jan 2022 · 592pp · 133,460 words
by Michael Spitzer · 31 Mar 2021 · 632pp · 163,143 words
by Russell Napier · 19 Jul 2021 · 511pp · 151,359 words
by Stephanie Kelton · 8 Jun 2020 · 338pp · 104,684 words
by Lucas Chancel · 15 Jan 2020 · 191pp · 51,242 words
by Owen Walker · 4 Mar 2021 · 278pp · 82,771 words
by Juliet Schor, William Attwood-Charles and Mehmet Cansoy · 15 Mar 2020 · 296pp · 83,254 words
by Valliappa Lakshmanan, Sara Robinson and Michael Munn · 31 Oct 2020
by Thomas E. Ricks · 3 Oct 2022 · 482pp · 150,822 words
by Peter Apps · 10 Nov 2022 · 279pp · 85,552 words
by Arthur Turrell · 2 Aug 2021 · 297pp · 84,447 words
by Matt Alt · 14 Apr 2020
by Tripp Mickle · 2 May 2022 · 535pp · 149,752 words
by Justin E. H. Smith · 22 Mar 2022 · 198pp · 59,351 words
by Dk Eyewitness · 28 Sep 2021 · 827pp · 75,043 words
by John Fabian Witt · 14 Oct 2025 · 735pp · 279,360 words
by Arthur Der Weduwen and Andrew Pettegree · 14 Oct 2021 · 457pp · 173,326 words
by Jimmy Soni · 22 Feb 2022 · 505pp · 161,581 words
by Angie Schmitt · 26 Aug 2020 · 274pp · 63,679 words
by Rick Perlstein · 17 Aug 2020
by Alan Allport · 2 Sep 2020 · 1,520pp · 221,543 words
by Adam Jentleson · 12 Jan 2021 · 400pp · 108,843 words
by Donald MacKenzie · 24 May 2021 · 400pp · 121,988 words
by Dominique Kirchner Reill · 1 Dec 2020
by Sarah Williams · 14 Sep 2020
by Branko Milanovic · 9 Oct 2023
by Cal Newport · 2 Mar 2021 · 350pp · 90,898 words
by James Poskett · 22 Mar 2022 · 564pp · 168,696 words
by Kelly Weinersmith and Zach Weinersmith · 6 Nov 2023 · 490pp · 132,502 words
by Jj Geewax · 19 Jul 2021 · 725pp · 168,262 words
by Ali Winston and Darwin Bondgraham · 10 Jan 2023 · 498pp · 184,761 words
by Robert D. Kaplan · 11 Apr 2022 · 500pp · 115,119 words