by Charles Kenny · 31 Jan 2011 · 272pp · 71,487 words
., and M. Reynal-Querol. 2008. “Poverty and Civil War: Revisiting the Evidence.” CEPR Working Paper DP6980. Donohoe, M., and E. Garner. 2008. “Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution from Biomass Cooking Stoves.” Medscape Public Health & Prevention: Public Health Perspective. Accessed online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/572069 on November 3, 2008. Doucouliagos
by Sarah Milov · 1 Oct 2019
Back Yard”) specialist. After a meeting with a Maryland citizens’ group, an audience member encouraged Repace to turn his technical skills to the question of indoor air pollution. By Repace’s calculations, tobacco smoke in enclosed environments would exceed EPA-permissible air quality standards. Fortuitously, Repace’s attention to the issue conceded with
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restaurants. To do so, Repace put his professional skills to use. With Al Lowrey, a coworker at the Naval Research Laboratory, he sought to measure indoor air pollution in typical settings. Using a machine called a piezobalance—essentially a Geiger counter for airborne particles—Repace measured respirable particulates at bars, bowling alleys, bingo
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air, “little legislative attention has been devoted to the quality of indoor air.” But Americans spent upward of 90 percent of their time indoors. “Clearly, indoor air pollution from tobacco smoke presents a serious risk to the health of nonsmokers.”81 Figure 6.2 James Repace and his daughter tend a GASP booth
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. Oklahoma, 716 F.2d 1350, p. 6. 34. “Paul Smith v. Western Electric,” Folders 54–55, Carton 9, Shimp Papers, UCSF. 35. Radio / TV Reports, “Indoor Air Pollution Caused by Cigarette Smoke: Morning Edition,” March 10, 1981, Tobacco Institute Records, UCSF Library, https://www.industrydocumentslibrary.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/jhbm0087. 36. John Rupp
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Today 27, No. 6 (June 1974): 32–37. 79. Repace, Enemy No. 1, 36–39. 80. Ibid., 50–59. 81. James Repace and Alfred Lowrey, “Indoor Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke, and Public Health,” Science 208, (May 2, 1980): 471. 82. “Tobacco Smoke: An Occupational Health Hazard,” n.d., Folder 1, Carton 2, Shimp
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Papers, UCSF. 83. Repace and Lowrey, “Indoor Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke, and Public Health,” 471. 84. Richard Kluger, Ashes to Ashes: America’s Hundred-Year Cigarette War, the Public Health, and the Unabashed Triumph
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. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/230240. 4. Derthick, Up in Smoke, 110–114. 5. James Repace and Alfred Lowrey, “Indoor Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke, and Public Health,” Science 208 (1980): 464–472; Repace and Lowrey, “A Quantitative Estimate of Nonsmokers’ Lung Cancer Risk from Passive Smoking,” Environment
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and Assessing Health Effects (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1986); J. M. Samet, M. C. Marbury, and J. D. Spengler, “Health Effects and Sources of Indoor Air Pollution,” American Review of Respiratory Disease 136, No. 6 (1987): 1486–1506; A. Judson Wells, “An Estimate of Adult Mortality in the United States from Passive
by Robert N. Proctor · 28 Feb 2012 · 1,199pp · 332,563 words
smoking and cancer were “probably invalid.” In the 1960s and early 1970s Sterling received about $4 million to conduct research for the industry, mainly on indoor air pollution but also to develop statistical methods useful for challenging the smoking–cancer link. As late as the 1990s Sterling was ridiculing calculations of hundreds of
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Healthy Buildings International—a tobacco industry front—to distract from the hazards of secondhand smoke in indoor spaces. The idea was that buildings suffering from indoor air pollution (from carpet fumes and the like) could be healed by proper ventilation—rather than bans on smoking. SBS becomes a centerpiece of tobacco industry effort
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, smokers could cover them to obtain their requisite dosages (“self-titration”). “Ventilation” was also a term used to distract from cigarettes as a cause of indoor air pollution: rooms had not “too much smoke” but rather “too little ventilation.” virile market Term for military and/or macho market targets. “Virile females” included female
by Joseph E. Stiglitz · 16 Sep 2006
to impart technical skills. Students can learn in school the dangers of locating latrines uphill from their source of drinking water, or the dangers of indoor air pollution—the choking smoke in huts without ventilation—and what can be done about it. With education, a broad approach is important. Too often, international development
by Stephen Morris · 1 Sep 2007 · 289pp · 112,697 words
course of approximately 30 experiments, researchers at the EPA and the University of Texas recently documented the dishwasher’s role as a leading cause of indoor air pollution. Pollutants released by dishwashers include the chlorine added to both public water supplies and dishwasher detergents, volatile organic compounds like chloroform, radioactive radon naturally present
by Cheryl Mendelson · 4 Nov 1999 · 1,631pp · 468,342 words
, blinds, solar shades and screens, and other means … Desirable indoor humidity levels, effects of excess and insufficient humidity … How to measure and control indoor humidity … Indoor air pollution caused by household chemicals used for cleaning and other purposes, chemicals used in hobbies and work, pesticides, ozone, formaldehyde, asbestos, radon, lead, off-gassing and
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heating bills to match. By having your house weatherized and tightened, you can significantly decrease both. (You can never render a home completely airtight.) But indoor air pollution increases—and available oxygen decreases—as the air-exchange rate goes down. Thus, although weatherizing usually allows enough fresh air to enter for adequate ventilation
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-top pads, ironing board covers, and certain hairdryers. Automobile brake pads and linings, clutch facings, and gaskets. This pamphlet and other materials on asbestos and indoor air pollution are available from your local chapter of the American Lung Association (check the telephone directory in the nearest large town or city) and from the
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for outdoor air. (There are no comparable standards for indoor air.) People who unwisely use their cooking stoves for heating purposes create increased levels of indoor air pollution. Pilot lights also cause pollution. Use a range or dryer with an electric spark-lighting system. Make sure any area in which a pilot light
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be spewed into the air of your home. This dust, which is composed of particles large enough to cause lung damage, is a kind of indoor air pollution that it is worth trying to combat. If you detect a familiar strong odor when you turn on your vacuum cleaner, it is time to
by Vaclav Smil · 2 Mar 2021 · 1,324pp · 159,290 words
fuels was done in open fires or in inefficient fireplaces and simple stoves, wasting typically more than 90% of energy and creating high levels of indoor air pollution. This pollution keeps on affecting more than two billion people in low-income countries that still rely on such arrangements for cooking (WHO 2018b). Use
by Robert Bryce · 26 Apr 2011 · 520pp · 129,887 words
the world’s energy poor would help save the lives of hundreds of thousands of impoverished people every year who die premature deaths because of indoor air pollution caused by burning biomass.1 The issue, once again, is one of density. The world’s most impoverished people have no choice but to cook
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be the millions of young children and women who are sickened or who die prematurely every year from indoor air pollution caused by the burning of biomass. In 2007, the World Health Organization estimated that indoor air pollution was killing about 500,000 people in India every year, most of them women and children. The agency
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times as bad as that found in New Delhi. Worldwide, as many as 1.6 million people per year are dying premature deaths due to indoor air pollution.17 About 37 percent of the world’s population relies on solid fuels, such as straw, wood, dung, or coal, to cook their meals.18
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as asthma, pneumonia, blindness, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and low birth weight in children born to mothers who were exposed to indoor air pollution during pregnancy.20 Despite these numbers, the problem of indoor air pollution doesn’t get nearly as much attention as other public health issues, such as vaccination or safe drinking water. One of
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’s Forests,” The Guardian, January 21, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/jan/21/network-biofuels. 15 Ibid. 16 Ibid. 17 Kounteya Sinha, “‘Indoor’ Air Pollution Is the Biggest Killer,” Times of India, March 22, 2007, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1790711.cms. 18 Fatih Birol, “Energy Economics: A Place for
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That Warms You Thrice,” Human Health and Forests (2008): 99, http://ehs.sph.berkeley.edu/krsmith/publications/2008%20pubs/Colfer%20book%20chapter.pdf. 20 Sinha, “‘Indoor’ Air Pollution.” 21 “Viewpoints: An Interview with Professor Kirk R. Smith.” 22 Kirk R. Smith, “Editorial: In Praise of Petroleum?” Science, December 6, 2002, http://ehs.sph
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.berkeley.edu/krsmith/publications/02_smith_3.pdf, 1847. 23 Robert Bryce, “An Interview with Kirk R. Smith on Indoor Air Pollution and Why the Rural Poor Need Propane and Butane,” July 23, 2009, http://www.energytribune.com/articles.cfm?aid=2110. 24 Zeke Hausfather, “Black Carbon
by Richard Kluger · 1 Jan 1996 · 1,157pp · 379,558 words
responded that the indoor pollution level is ten to one hundred times higher when people are smoking, by far the most significant source of respirable indoor air pollution. Published in Science in May 1980, Repace’s article—his first in a major journal—asserted that the RSP levels generated by smokers overwhelmed the
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reports by NBC News and The New York Times, to a Fairfax County, Virginia-based private company called Healthy Buildings International, which ostensibly conducted objective indoor air pollution tests and reported their findings to owners or tenants. A number of whistle-blowers once employed by the company charged that the data gathered during
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.” Yet a month later, EPA sent industry lawyers the draft of a handbook the agency was drawing up for employers and institutional administrators entitled “Understanding Indoor Air Pollution”—a curious procedure in view of the agency’s own concurrent risk assessment of ETS; why not wait for the completion of the latter before
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relevant pollutants is simply wrong.” On the contrary, a large number of studies “show that poor ventilation is by far the most important cause of indoor air pollution,” the industry spokesman added, and the 1986 Surgeon General’s report had not coneluded eluded that ETS was “a leading cause of lung cancer in
by Matt Ridley · 17 May 2010 · 462pp · 150,129 words
the number of lives saved by carbon emissions – by the provision of electric power to a village where people suffer from ill health due to indoor air pollution from cooking over open fires, say, or the deaths from malnutrition prevented by the higher productivity of agriculture using fertiliser made from natural gas. In
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