description: Internet-like structure connecting everyday physical objects
344 results
by Daniel Kellmereit and Daniel Obodovski · 19 Sep 2013 · 138pp · 40,787 words
market. It includes interviews with many of those who have taken an active part in developing the market. It provides multiple, valuable perspectives of the Internet of Things. You will learn about some of the obvious and not-so-obvious impacts this technology is having on our everyday lives and how you can
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couple of months, and it seemed like the view of the San Francisco Bay encouraged big thoughts and interesting ideas. We often talked about the Internet of Things, or Machine-to-Machine (M2M) connectivity, which is a more technical term for it. The topic appeared confusing on one hand and exciting on the
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also met and interviewed other amazing people in the space: pioneers, thinkers, and visionaries. One of the things we discovered was how much of the Internet of Things was actually already happening around us, without us really noticing, because the subject is very diverse and not covered by the popular media nearly as
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M2M Certified put it, “Everybody wants to get connected and they don’t freaking know how to do it.” Much has been written about the Internet of Things in publications such as the Economist, Financial Times, the New York Times, McKinsey Quarterly, and Harvard Business Review, as well as multiple research studies and
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advice of Peggy Smedley of Connected World, who suggested we look back before we look forward. It was important for us to understand where the Internet of Things came from, which trends preceded it, and, more importantly, which trends are aligning now to facilitate the exponential growth of new services, businesses, and opportunities
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technical challenges of the space and the opportunities that present themselves in addressing these challenges. Chapter 3 looks into the future of M2M and the Internet of Things and focuses on what this brave new world may look like. We ask some provocative questions: What role will humans play when a lot of
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see a dramatic change in our lives and the way we do business. Many terms have been coined for the discussion of this topic: the Internet of Things, Machine-to-Machine communication or M2M, ubiquitous computing, embedded computing, pervasive computing, smart services, and, recently, General Electric added the term the Industrial Internet to
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and host of the “Peggy Smedley Show” podcast, “Every time we want to call it something new, people get confused and they wonder what the Internet of Things or M2M or embedded computing or the cloud actually mean. No single term fully describes the phenomenon. Everyone is seeing a part of the phenomenon
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as temporary tattoos, connected contact lenses, driverless cars, and more. All these things are possible because of M2M technology, and all these examples represent the Internet of Things. As Glenn Lurie, president of AT&T Emerging Devices Organization (EDO), says, “Any device that is connected is smart. Any device that is not connected
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to people to solve problems or give them benefits they had never anticipated they could ever receive.” In a nutshell, the biggest benefit of the Internet of Things is that it gives us a unique opportunity to talk to the analog world around us (machines, people, animals, plants, things) in a digital
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of technology development up until now, what might follow would start making a lot more sense. And it’s true: The rapid growth of the Internet of Things and M2M flows logically from the overall computing and telecommunications technology development of the past several decades. Astro Teller describes it like this: If you
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tag on the object would just point to this information. In his presentation to the P&G board in 1998, Kevin called this vision the Internet of Things. To a large extent, this is exactly what ended up happening. Kevin’s vision and the term, which he himself calls “ungrammatical,” became extremely
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in the proliferation of RFID. He thinks RFID readers will become ubiquitous. The economic downturn of 2001 only temporarily slowed the unstoppable development of the Internet of Things. As a matter of fact, things started picking up as early as 2002. In 2004, Nokia published a white paper called Machine to Machine: Let
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easy to underestimate the degree to which this is going to make a difference.”11 There have been many bold predictions of specific numbers the Internet of Things is going to reach. Ericsson predicts more than fifty billion devices by 2020 in “More Than Fifty Billion Connected Devices.” GE predicts that “by 2025
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is timing — it’s hard to tell how soon we are going to solve all the technical, operational, and behavioral problems to fully realize the Internet of Things vision. However, there is so much movement in this industry right now and many companies are reaping significant economic benefits today. The space is ripe
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continue our discussions with industry experts about what is happening, what might happen, and what needs to happen to bring about the vision of the Internet of Things. 1 Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, Race Against the Machine: How the Digital Revolution Is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the
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task. Many times, it’s unclear where to look for those solutions. In addition, as we mentioned in the previous chapter, the success of the Internet of Things largely depends on various industries embracing M2M technologies to solve their business problems. In this chapter, we present the parts of the technology ecosystem and
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is becoming extremely crucial. Here is where contextual intelligence comes into play. Sensors will play an even more prominent role with the proliferation of the Internet of Things. Google Now is a great example of how powerful contextual intelligence can be. The concept behind Google Now can be applied to all kinds of
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will this have on carriers’ networks? How can one build an accurate forecasting model for data volumes without taking into account other devices or the Internet of Things? As with any forecasting model, it’s difficult to make linear predictions in an extremely nonlinear world. However, one thing is certain: The data traffic
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enable easy integration into the existing enterprise software systems. While there are a lot of things that have already happened to simplify and enable the Internet of Things, a lot of things still need to happen. Among those things are integration, standardization, simplification, what to do with all the data produced by all
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years. If we look further into the future, it becomes apparent that the existing data infrastructure is not ready for the exponential growth of the Internet of Things and will have to adjust and adapt. Glen Allmendinger of Harbor Research believes peer-to-peer among M2M devices will eventually become the default architecture
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standard for the Internet of Things, and the networks will become much less hierarchical than in the past. He also believes we will see a radically different definition of servers, devices
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more relevant today than ever. However, we decided to start this chapter with a provocative question: Will humans ever become a decision bottleneck in the Internet of Things? Considering how much decision-making ability has already been given to machines and how much more is going to go that way, and considering the
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flows from sensors and devices to the cloud, will humans be able to comprehend? Are humans the major limiting factor in the development of the Internet of Things today? And, more importantly, will humans be able to cope with all this information? When we spoke with Astro Teller of Google, he reminded us
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cloud-based learning, is a great example. Because most innovation is already happening in the cloud, we are seeing the same trend spreading to the Internet of Things. For example, many real-time location services (RTLS) companies provide their services in the cloud, bypassing the IT departments in hospitals. In our interviews with
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it’s Fitbit. Maybe it’s BodyMedia.19 As Sanjay Sarma points out, there are still significant challenges today with the information infrastructure for the Internet of Things, especially if we expect the data volumes to increase a hundred-fold, if not more. Glen Allmendinger believes information brokerage is badly needed, before we
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I get the dictionary, I need the broker. According to Kevin Ashton, dealing with the identity of things was the main reason for developing the Internet of Things vision and the RFID standards. Having universal code, which would enable objects in the physical world to report on what they are and what they
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do in a unified way, was the absolutely essential thing. The same concept needs to populate the world of the Internet of Things outside of RFID, like sensors and devices, which is expanding very rapidly. Also, considering that very soon the amount of data on the Internet
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now, but people are mostly just developing on two. A similar thing will happen here. A quantum leap that will have to happen with the Internet of Things is information sharing among companies, organizations, and device makers. The more open a system, the more innovation will be possible as others discover the value
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not too dissimilar way from the winners of the freestyle chess tournament. In the next chapter we will look into the key areas of the Internet of Things. 15 Bill Gates, Business @ the Speed of Thought: Succeeding in the Digital Economy (New York: Grand Central Publishing, 1999). 16 Garry Kasparov, “New in Chess
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did in the ’90s. In this chapter we will look at several areas we believe are going to get disrupted and significantly transformed by the Internet of Things and M2M technology. For the sake of discussion, we decided to focus on connected cities, connected homes, connected health, and connected cars. While we’re
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only scratching the surface in our discussion of these areas, they’ll give you a good idea of what’s in store with the Internet of Things and, hopefully, inspire you to imagine other innovations that might affect various industries. CONNECTED CITIES Cities are an engine of future growth. Specifically, according to
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us to the topic of connected health. When we speak of connected health, we mainly see two groups that will be significantly affected by the Internet of Things. The first is hospital and clinical processes. From tracking hospital assets and patients with RTLS and RFID, to replacing bulky wired body sensors with unobtrusive
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a panel of specialists, who can diagnose and treat someone in a very remote location. That’s an extraordinary value.” Another significant area where the Internet of Things can make a difference is chronic disease management. Connected devices and sensors can help track patients’ adherence to medications, results of drug trials, and follow
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needs to happen both on the optimized technology architecture side and the business model side, already today we are seeing many successful seeds of the Internet of Things implementation. Glenn Lurie shares his opinion: The way you’re going to be successful in this space is to look at each vertical separately, because
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, such as banks, insurance companies, car manufacturers, retailers, and logistics carriers, to just go about doing their business, using the power and benefits of the Internet of Things without worrying too much about M2M technology, system integration, and so on. The technology will just be there and will supposedly work seamlessly. The success
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and growth of the Internet of Things will be assured when this time comes. However, today, getting to market requires paying specific attention to all aspects of the process: from technology to
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of M2M technologies is moving from traditional tech companies to companies that have little to do with cellular technology. To realize the potential of the Internet of Things, companies still need to take a deep dive into technology and make sure they have the right talent, or partner with the most competent players
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needed.” We believe educating the marketplace — bringing together the technology world and the industry — will be a very crucial step in the adoption of the Internet of Things. In this space, Peggy Smedley has been one of the pioneers. Peggy talks about marketplace education: How do we educate the marketplace so that they
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financial investment, but also investment of one’s talent, time, and resources. As we have seen in the previous chapters, the market opportunity for the Internet of Things is tremendous. Market forecasts are usually overly optimistic; however, the majority of experts now feel that current market forecasts are in line with market potential
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largest industry domains today (again, by market size, starting with the largest market) are intelligent buildings, telematics, health care, and utilities. Since investment in the Internet of Things has until now been more of a futuristic topic, and the understanding and definition of the market varies notably, forecasts are all over the place
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of what goes on. We believe there are multiple investment opportunities in hardware — despite the traditional reluctance of investors to enter this space. In the Internet of Things, opportunities in hardware spread from new energy- and cost-optimized silicon to vertically integrated devices for specific markets. There are tremendous opportunities in figuring out
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an opportunity for M2M-focused Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), who would not be burdened by the legacy voice business and can just approach the Internet of Things space with services in mind. We heard this point expressed by Ioannis Fikouras. Aside from that, innovation in this space is limited. The M2M software
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investment are. But at the end of the day, the best investment opportunities are going to be driven by very well-defined problems that the Internet of Things will help solve: increased visibility, increased productivity, reduced guesswork, better risk management, and better connection to our environment. 29 Paul Graham, “How to Get Startup
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a specialized manufacturer called a semiconductor foundry. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabless_manufacturing.) CONCLUSION You have just finished reading The Silent Intelligence: The Internet of Things, a book that took us more than a year and a half to write. Quite a few things have changed in that time because the
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new and exciting things will happen. It will unleash new opportunities, applications, and business models, which will further drive the adoption of the Internet of Things. Building communities around the Internet of Things will also help advance consumer awareness and open up new possibilities. With The Silent Intelligence as a starting point, we plan to contribute
by Alasdair Gilchrist · 27 Jun 2016
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Chapter 7: Examining the Middleware Transport Protocols. . . . . . . . 125 Chapter 8: Middleware Software Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Chapter 9: Software Design Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Chapter 10: Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms. . . . . 153 Chapter 11: IIoT WAN Technologies and Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Chapter 12: Securing the Industrial Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Chapter 13: Introducing Industry 4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Chapter
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and daughter who complained about the time I hogged the computer and Internet much while writing this book. Introduction Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has become one of the most talked about industrial business concepts in recent years. However, Industry 4.0 and the IIoT are often
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reindustrialize our nations. CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Industrial Internet GE (General Electric) coined the name “Industrial Internet” as their term for the Industrial Internet of Things, and others such as Cisco termed it the Internet of Everything and others called it Internet 4.0 or other variants. However, it is important
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vertical IoT strategies (see Figure 1-1), such as the consumer, commercial, and industrial forms of the Internet from the broader horizontal concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), as they have very different target audiences, technical requirements, and strategies. For example, the consumer market has the highest market visibility with smart
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, Industry 4.0, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4842-2047-4_1 2 Chapter 1 | Introduction to the Industrial Internet of them all, the Industrial Internet of Things, which encompasses a vast amount of disciplines such as energy production, manufacturing, agriculture, health care, retail, transportation, logistics, aviation, space travel and many more.
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for decades. Similarly, they have had machine-to-machine (M2M) communications and collaboration for a decade at least so the core technologies of the Industrial Internet of Things are nothing new. For example, industry has also not been slow in collecting, analyzing, and hoarding vast quantities of data for historical, predictive, and
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no umbilica3l cord that is susceptible to snagging on obstacles on the seabed. It is not just traditional industry that can benefit from the Industrial Internet of Things. Health care is another area that has its own unique perspective and targets. In health care, the desire is to improve customer care and
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produce huge revenue benefits such as aviation fuel savings. In order to realize these potential profits, industry has to adopt and adjust to the Industrial Internet of Things. However, spotting, identifying, and then strategically targeting the opportunities of the IIoT is not quite as easy as it might seem. It is important,
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discarded, as there was nowhere to store the data let alone have the computational power to analyze it in a timely manner. However, the Industrial Internet of Things, (IIoT) has changed that wasteful practice and now drilling rigs and research stations can send back the vast quantities of raw data retrieved from
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profoundly. For example, industry now has the ability through interconnectivity to connect intelligent objects—machines, devices, sensors, actuators, and even people—into collaborating networks, an Internet of Things. At the same time, the designers of these intelligent, smart things have built in self-diagnosis and self-configuration, which greatly enhances reliability and usability
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provide a platform for testing and validating the interoperability among the various of-the-shelf sensors and protocols and the conceptual architecture of the Industrial Internet of Things. They were determined to interconnect and test wherever possible multiprotocol interoperability with real devices through all the possible different couplings of protocols (among the
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selected standards). Also, they wanted to test and demonstrate various innovative Internet-based application scenarios related to the Internet of Things, including business processes related scenarios. In addition, they planned to test and demonstrate the potential of the multi-protocol card, IPv6 proxy’s for
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.giraffplus.eu/ https://www.rti.com/whitepapers/5_Ways_Oil_Gas.pdf http://www.dhl.com/en/about_us/logistics_insights/dhl_trend_ research/Internet_of_things.html#.Vxbz49R94rg iot6.eu/sites/default/files/IoT6%20-%20D7.3.pdf 31 CHAPTER 3 The Technical and Business Innovators of the Industrial Internet The
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have driven innovation in the way we deploy multi-sensor devices into industrial system automation and integrate M2M with cyber-physical systems to create Industrial Internet of Things environments. Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) The Industrial Internet has come about due to the rapid advancements in digital computers in all their formats and
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virtual digital world of computers and software to merge through interaction—process management and feedback control—with the physical analogue world, thus leading to an Internet of Things, data, and services. One example of CPS is an intelligent manufacturing line, where the machine can perform many work processes by communicating with the
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a signal, similar to a ZigBee mesh network. This enables neighbor area networks (NAN) of approximately 1KM, making it ideally suitable for the Industrial Internet of Things. However, it has not just been in Wi-Fi that we have experienced huge advancements; other wireless communication technologies have also claimed niche areas, especially
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those around M2M and the Internet of Things. Some of these wireless technologies have come about as a result of the need for improvements over the existing alternatives to Bluetooth and ZigBee,
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-power, ZigBee-IP NAN, DASH7, and many others. However, it is not just these technologies, which have accelerated the innovation that are driving the Internet of Things. We cannot overlook the platform, which coincidentally in many ways was introduced in 2007 with the release of the first real smartphone, the IPhone. 39
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model. The IIC Industrial Internet Reference Architecture The Industrial Internet is, as we have seen, a subset of the broader horizontal classification called the Internet of Things. Whereas the Internet of Things encompasses everything—consumer, industry, enterprise, and commercial— the Industrial Internet takes a more focused view concentrating on energy, health care, manufacturing, public sector,
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only the algorithms and methods have changed. Where the interest in advanced analytics has suddenly grown is with the introduction of Big Data and the Internet of Things. Previously, interest in advanced algorithms had been limited to certain business sectors such as insurance, marketing, and finance where risk and opportunity were the
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consider when designing systems for connecting IIoT devices. Each use-case has a specific genre, and they arise from a single horizontal concept of the Internet of Things. The concept of the Internet-connected world of Things, which is the generic term for the IoT, is a wide-ranging horizontal technology that
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in manufacturing, processing, vehicle automation, and the grid, among others. We still have to consider the non-time-critical communication technologies that make the Internet of Things feasible. The trouble is there are even more of these wireless technologies, and no, there is no one solution that will fit all scenarios. Standard
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Industrial Internet. Wireless Communication Technologies The plethora of wireless communications over the last two decades has been one of the drivers for adoption of the Internet of Things by consumers and industries. Prior to wireless technologies becoming ubiquitous in the home, consumers had everything they required to build their own smart home;
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context. However, in an IIoT context, NAT is not desirable, as having global access to “things” is desirable. Furthermore, IPv6 is suited to the Internet of Things as there is a compressed version of IPv6 named 6LoWPAN. It is a simple and efficient mechanism to shorten the IPv6 address size for constrained
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APIs. SOA integrates the domains of the IIC reference architecture, such as the control (OT), operations, and enterprise (IT) domains, among others, with the Internet of Things. In the context of the IIoT, SOA is “simply good design”. It rests on a solid foundation of technology and practices that have supported industrial
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asking a question that is requiring a direct answer, and subscribe/publish when making a statement that requires no immediate feedback. CHAPTER 10 Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms In the previous chapters, we discussed some of the many diverse communication and wireless protocols, technologies, and software patterns available to designers when building
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and software patterns. © Alasdair Gilchrist 2016 A. Gilchrist, Industry 4.0, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4842-2047-4_10 154 Chapter 10 | Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms Heterogeneous networks are very common if not the norm. It is rare, other than in Greenfield (brand new) deployments, to have the luxury of
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that will enable us to visualize the network in its entirety, and that is an IIoT middleware platform. 155 156 Chapter 10 | Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms Middleware Architecture The purpose of IIoT middleware is to provide the integration, connectivity, and data translation that we require between the different technologies and
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that we haven’t encountered before. In fact, not even the scale of the IIoT is a problem. 157 158 Chapter 10 | Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms Mobile phone operators have had this problem for decades and the solution is to adopt a middleware platform that will handle identification, authentication, authorization
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for process agility and execution. So what are the constraints that the IIoT middleware need to overcome? Event processing is a major element in an Internet of Things platform. This is because major amounts of data can stream from sensors, so it’s important to derive an understanding of which data is
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to manage these disperse technologies and protocols. Without these open source middleware platforms that integrate and seamlessly translate between diverse technologies and protocols, the Industrial Internet of Things would not be feasible for small medium enterprises that would not be able to afford the large-scale IIoT platforms. For example, for large
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of the financial budgets of most SME businesses. So what are the options for SMEs wishing to deploy IIoT? 159 160 Chapter 10 | Middleware Industrial Internet of Things Platforms There are several mature, open source solutions for IIoT middleware: • Kaa—Provides the tools to build complete Industrial Internet solutions by interfacing transducers,
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survive light rain requires high power and that alone rules it out for most if not all IoT use-cases. References http://www.ibm.com/internet-of-things/ http://electronicdesign.com/iot/understanding-protocols-behindinternet-things 177 CHAPTER 12 Securing the Industrial Internet Security is one of the biggest inhibiters to adoption
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with the first three coming about through mechanization, electricity, and IT. The forth industrial revolution, and hence the 4.0, will come about via the Internet of Things and the Internet of services becoming integrated with the manufacturing environment. However, all the benefits of previous revolutions in industry came about after the fact
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of creating value and innovative business models. In summary, Industry 4.0 will require the integration of CPS in manufacturing and logistics while introducing the Internet of Things and services in the manufacturing process. This will bring new ways to create value, business models, and downstream services for SME (small medium enterprises).
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created or the people who are working on them. Interoperability refers to the capability of all components to connect, communicate, and operate together via the Internet of Things. This includes the humans, the smart factories, and the relevant technologies. Virtualization The monitoring of the actual processes and machinery takes place in the
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requires that the production process the collecting of data and the feedback and monitoring of processes is also achieved in real time. Service Orientation The Internet of Things creates potential services that others can consume. Therefore internal and external services are still going to be required by the smart factories, which is
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:The End of Defects - Industry & Automation - Pictures of the Future - Innovation - Home - Siemens Global Website https://www.accenture.com/us-en/labs-insight-industrial-internet-of-things.aspx https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-industrial-internetof-things.aspx https://theconsultantlounge.com/2015/07/accenture-report-internet-ofthings-driving-new-era-of
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, it is a vital component of the smart factory as it forms the cyber-physical systems. The CPS communicate through the Internet and, via the Internet of Things and services, produce new plant models and improves overall equipment effectiveness (OEE). However, it is not just in industrial processes where M2M are commonplace,
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over-the-air updates, new features, and functionality throughout the product’s lifecycle. Furthermore, products are no longer in isolation. With the advent of the Internet of Things, connectivity is king and products can interact with other products. Connectivity leads to new insights and products through analytics, which improves forecasting, process optimization,
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product lifecycle support, and a better customer experience. Consequently, modern business models are focusing on the customer, by creating value of experience. The Internet of Things facilitates business to view the customer’s experience in new ways, from how they initially view the product, how they use it, and what it
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14 Industry 4.0, 2 innovation, 7 installing sensors and actuators, 20 intelligent devices, 8 IOT, 1–2 IOT, disadvantages, 20 247 248 Index Industrial internet of things (IIoT) (cont.) IOT6 Smart Office, 21 IT sectors, 5 key opportunities and benefits, 8 logistics adopting sensor technologies, 24 advanced telemetric sensors, 26 augmented reality
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chain, 201 business benefits, 205 Cost-cutting, 203 creation, 203 horizontal activities, 201 quality, features, 203 support function, 202 In-flight entertainment (IFE), 182 Internet of Things (IOT), 1–2, 29 IOT6 Smart Office, 21 IP, 126 IPv6, 21, 23 L Late-binding, 133 M M2M learning and artificial intelligence, 56 Machine
by Jeremy Rifkin · 31 Mar 2014 · 565pp · 151,129 words
is an idea whose time has come.” —Natalie Foster, executive director of peers.org The Zero Marginal Cost Society The Zero Marginal Cost Society The Internet of Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism Jeremy Rifkin THE ZERO MARGINAL COST SOCIETY Copyright © Jeremy Rifkin All rights reserved. First published in 2014
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, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978-1-137-27846-3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rifkin, Jeremy. The zero marginal cost society : the internet of things, the collaborative commons, and the eclipse of capitalism / Jeremy Rifkin. pages cm ISBN 978-1-137-27846-3 (alk. paper) 1. Capitalism. 2. Cost.
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Courtship of Capitalism and Vertical Integration 4: Human Nature through a Capitalist Lens Part II The Near Zero Marginal Cost Society 5: Extreme Productivity, the Internet of Things, and Free Energy 6: 3D Printing: From Mass Production to Production by the Masses 7: MOOCs and a Zero Marginal Cost Education 8: The
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the Communications Internet with the fledgling Energy Internet and Logistics Internet in a seamless twenty-first-century intelligent infrastructure—the Internet of Things (IoT)—is giving rise to a Third Industrial Revolution. The Internet of Things is already boosting productivity to the point where the marginal cost of producing many goods and services is nearly zero
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are beginning to dry up, property rights are weakening, and an economy based on scarcity is slowly giving way to an economy of abundance. The Internet of Things The Internet of Things will connect every thing with everyone in an integrated global network. People, machines, natural resources, production lines, logistics networks, consumption habits, recycling flows, and
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other chapters throughout the book. Some of the leading information technology companies in the world are already at work on the build-out of the Internet of Things. General Electric’s “Industrial Internet,” Cisco’s “Internet of Everything,” IBM’s “Smarter Planet,” and Siemens’s “Sustainable Cities” are among the many initiatives
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create a new business model that would mesh Siemens’s powerful divisions into an overarching solution provider that could help governing jurisdictions build out an Internet of Things technology platform and successfully make the change into a “smart” and “sustainable” society. The question of rethinking business practices is beginning to loom large
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the capitalists and socialists, while eliminating the centralizing nature of both the free market and the bureaucratic state. The distributed and interconnected nature of the Internet of Things deepens individual entrepreneurial engagement in direct proportion to the diversity and strength of one’s collaborative relationships in the social economy. That’s because the
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those required to build out and maintain the more centralized technology platforms of the First and Second Industrial Revolutions. While fixed costs are less, the Internet of Things also brings down the marginal cost of communication, energy, and logistics in the production and distribution of goods and services. By eliminating virtually all of
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society, changing its worldview, and bringing new meaning to the human journey. Part II The Near Zero Marginal Cost Society Chapter Five Extreme Productivity, the Internet of Things, and Free Energy If I had told you 25 years ago that, in a quarter century’s time, one-third of the human race would
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40 years, amounting to a dramatic increase in productivity beyond what the economy experienced in the twentieth century.8 The Internet of Things The enormous leap in productivity is possible because the emerging Internet of Things is the first smart-infrastructure revolution in history: one that will connect every machine, business, residence, and vehicle in an
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such matters could seriously compromise any personal or corporate information associated with devices connected to the internet. Should that happen through ignorance or carelessness, the internet of things could be hobbled before it gets out of the gate.20 Connecting everyone and everything in a neural network brings the human race out of
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way of peer production in laterally scaled networks. Whether future generations living in an increasingly interconnected world—where everyone and everything is embedded in the Internet of Things—will care much about privacy is an open question. Still, in the long passage from the capitalist era to the Collaborative Age, privacy issues
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than 600 leaders from business associations, civil society organizations, and academia, in search of a policy approach that will “foster a dynamic development of the Internet of Things in the digital single market while ensuring appropriate protection and trust of EU citizens.”21 The Commission established a broad principle to guide all future
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developments of the Internet of Things: In general, we consider that privacy & data protection and information security are complimentary requirements for IoT services. In particular, information security is regarded as
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near zero marginal cost for millions of early adopters. Scaling them so that everyone on Earth can produce green energy and share it across the Internet of Things, again, at near zero marginal cost, is the next great task for a civilization transitioning from a capitalist market to a Collaborative Commons. Chapter
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Six 3D Printing From Mass Production to Production by the Masses The distributed, collaborative, and laterally scaled nature of the Internet of Things will fundamentally change the way we manufacture, market, and deliver goods in the coming era. Recall that the communication/energy matrices of the First and
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Because they can connect into an IoT infrastructure across Germany, 3D printers can take advantage of the efficiencies and productivity potential afforded by the new Internet of Things. This allows German infofacturers to leap ahead of the United States, where 3D printing firms find themselves adrift in an inefficient and outdated Second Industrial
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the world-class players.34 The German approach to shifting into a TIR infrastructure is both conventional, relying on a top-down implementation of the Internet of Things, and lateral, with local communities transforming their buildings to micropower plants, installing micropower grids, and introducing e-mobility transport. It is in the developing
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and service industries and salaried professional labor in large parts of the knowledge sector. IT, computerization, automation, Big Data, algorithms, and AI embedded in the Internet of Things are quickly reducing the marginal labor costs of producing and delivering a wide range of goods and services to near zero. Barring an unforeseen blowback
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Internet is converging with distributed renewable energies to create a nervous system for a new economic paradigm, the question shifts to who is financing the Internet of Things? By and large, the evolving smart infrastructure—and especially the Energy Internet—is being financed by consumers, with lesser amounts being ponied up by
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harnessing of near zero marginal cost communications to manage near zero marginal cost renewable energy gives society the critical operating platform to build out the Internet of Things infrastructure and change the economic paradigm. The controversial FCC proposal has pitted the wireless carriers of the nation’s great telecommunications companies, including AT&
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yore, but a high-tech, twenty-first-century Commons that can manage the distributed, peer-to-peer, laterally scaled economic activities made possible by the Internet of Things. The Networked Commons becomes the governing body for a new collaborative economic paradigm. What they’re advocating extends far beyond governance of the airwaves. Because
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higher education, social media marketing, and plug-in clean transport and logistics, the networked Commons becomes the governing model that envelopes the entirety of the Internet of Things. While none of the new digital commoners expect government or markets to suddenly shrivel, they see them making room for a third alternative that will
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scale, all of which put the economy in the lap of capitalism, aided by government. The communication/energy matrix of the Third Industrial Revolution—the Internet of Things—is facilitated more by social capital than by market capital, scales laterally, and is organized in a distributed and collaborative fashion, making Commons management with
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in the pursuit of “extreme productivity” and a zero marginal cost society. The struggle over governance of the three interlocking Internets that make up the Internet of Things is being aggressively waged among governments, capitalist enterprises, and champions of the nascent social economy on the Commons, each with ambitions to define the coming
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at low marginal cost because they were operating through a nonprofit business model. Now the tables have suddenly turned. As mentioned in previous chapters, the Internet of Things gives the advantage to hundreds of thousands of small enterprises, but only if they are able to join together in producer cooperatives and take advantage
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to optimize each client’s logistical requirements. Managing Temporal Resources on the Three Internet Commons All three of the critical infrastructures that make up the Internet of Things share a similar management task. Unlike most traditional Commons, where the primary self-policing concern is stewarding common physical resources to prevent a depletion of
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it merges with the Energy Internet and the Logistics Internet in the years ahead, establishing an integrated and sharable communication, energy, and logistics infrastructure—an Internet of Things—that can operate at near zero marginal cost, it dramatically boosts the potential of the other sharable sectors, including rentals, redistribution networks, cultural exchanges,
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technologies that are connecting the human race in a sharable economy of abundance are increasingly being used by cyberterrorists to wreak havoc on the evolving Internet of Things infrastructure, with potentially catastrophic impacts that could result in the collapse of modern civilization and the deaths of hundreds of millions of people. A
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species is to survive and flourish. Chapter Sixteen A Biosphere Lifestyle Most conventional economists are still betting that the extreme productivity unleashed by the emerging Internet of Things—even if it speeds the economy ever closer to near zero marginal costs and the swift rise of the Collaborative Commons—will ultimately be absorbabe
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how the evolution of the social economy on the Commons speeds up even more dramatically when prosumers proliferate and peer production accellerates exponentially across the Internet of Things, reducing the costs of producing, marketing, and delivering goods and services. Already, prosumers and social entrepreneurial firms are grabbing a significant share of economic
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General Electric, November 26, 2012, http://www.ge.com/sites/default/files /Industrial_Internet.pdf, 4 (accessed January 5, 2013). 14. Ibid., 24. 15. “The Internet of Things Business Index: A Quiet Revolution Gathers Pace,” The Economist Intelligence Unit (2013), 10, http://www.arm.com/files/pdf/EIU_Internet_Business_Index_WEB .PDF
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http://www.econo mist.com/blogs/babbage/2010/08/internet_things (accessed September 5, 2013). 18. Ibid. 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid. 21. “Conclusions of the Internet of Things Public Consultation,” Digital Agenda for Europe, A Europe 2020 Initiative, February 28, 2013, http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/news/conclu sions-internet-things
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-public-consultation (accessed March 21, 2013). 22. “Internet of Things Factsheet Privacy and Security: IoT Privacy, Data Protection, Information Security,” Digital Agenda for Europe, A Europe 2020 Initiative (February 28, 2013): 1, http://ec.europa
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.eu/digital-agenda/en/news/conclusions-internet-things-public-consultation (accessed March 21. 2013). 23. Ibid., 5. 24. Ibid., 7. 25. “The Internet of Things Business Index,” 11. 26. Ibid. 27. Ibid., 14, 16. 28. Gordon E. Moore, “Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits,” Electronics 38(8) (April 19,
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Efficiency. New York: Penguin, 1997. Keen, Andrew. The Cult of the Amateur. New York: Doubleday, 2007. Kellmereit, Daniel, and Daniel Obodovski. The Silent Intelligence: The Internet of Things. San Francisco: DND Ventures LLC, 2013. Keynes, John Maynard. The General Theory Of Employment, Interest, and Money. San Diego: Harcourt Brace, 1964. Kleindorfer, Paul R
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Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), 195–196 the Internet of Everything, 14, 73 the Internet generation, 132, 145, 179, 226, 230 the Internet of Things (IoT), 11–16, 65 and Big Data. see Big Data and the chief productivity officer (CPO), 15 as a double-edged sword, 78, 267 and
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of, 74 and smart cities. see smart cities as source of employment, 267–268 and use of sensors, 11–13, 73–74, 143, 219, 230 Internet of Things European Research Cluster, 11 infrastructure, requirements of, 14 Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Cyber Fighters, 292 Jakubowski, Marcin, 102–103 James, William, 279–280 Jennings
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Administration (NTIA), 149 near zero marginal cost society, 68–151 ascent of the prosumer and the build-out of the smart economy, extreme productivity, the Internet of Things, and free energy, 69–87 getting closer to, 84–87 the last worker standing, 121–133 and marginal cost controversy, 135–138 MOOCs, 109–119
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–162, 175, 190 Paine, Thomas, 65 paradigm shift from market capitalism to Collaborative Commons, 1–25 and changing the economic paradigm, 9–11 and the Internet of Things, 11–16 and the rise of the Collaborative Commons, 16–25 Parkifi, 145–146 Patagonia, 263 patent(s), 138, 165–167, 170, 174–177,
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grid(s), 142–144, 149, 205–206, 294 Smart Power Infrastructure Demonstration for Energy Reliability and Security (SPIDERS), 295 “smart” and “sustainable” society. see The Internet of Things (IoT) Smith, Adam, 3, 11, 33, 40–41, 61, 107, 159, 306–307 Smith, Alan, 123 Smith, Zach “Hoken,” 94 social Commons. see Collaborative
by Philip N. Howard · 27 Apr 2015 · 322pp · 84,752 words
Dilemma Finding Kibera Dirty Networks, Collapsing The Democracy of Devices 4. Five Premises for the Pax Technica Learning from the Internet Interregnum First Premise: The Internet of Things Is Being Weaponized Second Premise: People Use Devices to Govern Third Premise: Digital Networks Weaken Ideologies Fourth Premise: Social Media Solve Collective Action Problems
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Five Consequences of the Pax Technica Empire of Bits—A Scenario First Consequence: Networked Devices and the Stability of Cyberdeterrence Second Consequence: Governance Through the Internet of Things Third Consequence: From a Clash of Civilizations to a Competition Between Device Networks Fourth Consequence: Connective Action and Crypto Clans Fifth Consequence: Connective Security and
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The World Ahead The Hope and Instability of Hackers and Whistle Blowers Firing the Social Scientists—and Training New Ones Putting the Civic into the Internet of Things, Domestically Device Networks and Foreign Affairs How Can You Thrive in the Pax Technica? The Promise of the Pax Notes Glossary Acknowledgments Index PREFACE
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technology that might help us anticipate the challenges and opportunities ahead? For now, there’s little research, experience, or public conversation on how the internet of things should be developed and organized. Scenarios are easy to imagine, especially since we know how media ownership issues have played out. For example, Google
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purposefully integrate new devices into institutional arrangements we might all like. Active civic engagement with the roll-out of the internet of things is the last best chance for an open society. INTRODUCTION The “internet of things” is the rapidly growing network of everyday objects that have been equipped with sensors, small power supplies, and
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politics as a process by which a few people represent the interests of many people, either through some democratic process or by fiat. But the internet of things is increasingly reporting on our actual behavior, generating politically valuable data, and representing our habits, tastes, and beliefs. Political communication is no longer simply
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rest of the world. We are entering a period of global political life that will be profoundly shaped by how political actors use the internet of things. Indeed, the internet of things will define, express, and contain this period. The capacities and constraints of political life have often been shaped by technological innovation—and vice
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and progressively more people are connected through these digital networks. Now almost every aspect of human security depends on digital media and this internet of things. Responsibility for creating this internet of things still rests with all of us. We use social media, and few of us are diligent about maintaining our privacy. We do
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involving their devices in politics, and yet again when citizens demand access to the latest televisions, phones, and other consumer electronics that constitute the internet of things. Finding Kibera The Map Kibera project in Nairobi, Kenya, is one example of how this process has helped a marginalized community figure out its strengths
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In the next chapter I offer five reasons—phrased as propositions—that I believe are safe propositions for how the internet of things will transform our political lives. The second is that the internet of things could help people take these dirty networks on, especially if it is configured in smart ways with the wisdom of
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British built stable infrastructures and prosperous societies by linking widespread territories through networks of roads, family ties, and trade routes. The technologies of the internet of things will have a similar role, and are already providing some palpable conduits for political power. Our internet has features that many privacy advocates dislike,
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poverty, and debilitating malnutrition affect millions of people each day. Given the complexities of all of these problems, why should we worry about the internet of things? How does understanding technology diffusion help to solve complex problems and explain political change? No singular cause determines social outcomes: there is always an interplay
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new weapons mostly for deterrence. The result of such stable positioning is a dynamic balance of power. Second, when the modern state fails, the internet of things will provide governance. Or more accurately, people who live in places where governments collapse or fail to provide particular services use information technology to coordinate
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welfare.24 The Mobilization Lab is used by environmental groups to experiment with new ways of reaching their supporters and coordinating their campaigns.25 The internet of things—and the ability to manipulate devices—is the defining feature of modern political conflict. Countries spend ever more money on information infrastructures: on ways
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to surveil their people and disable enemy infrastructure. The internet of things could not have been built without the entrepreneurship and inventiveness of technology firms. Nonetheless, our surveillance state also could not have been built without that
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be, widely promoted by government and industry, also serves the interests of the businesses and politicians who deliver on this version of modernity. The internet of things is also becoming a kind of ideological package: internet use and networked devices have become deeply associated with our notions of modernization and economic growth
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and outmaneuver opponents in policy debates. A growing number of upstart leaders and new political parties manage to achieve their political goals by manipulating the internet of things. In authoritarian regimes, where elections are a farce, such rigged events have become especially sensitive moments. Many of the most violent confrontations between dictators
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engineering protocols, licensing arrangements, and telecommunications standards that will allow them to use the internet of things to advance their goals. Being purposeful about the design of the internet of things is the safest way to export democracy. However, the internet of things is being built over the internet we have now. For each of the premises about
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The primary fissures of global politics will be among rival device networks and the competing technology standards and media ecosystems that entrench the internet of things. 4. People will use the internet of things for connective action, especially for those crypto-clans organized over networks of trust and reciprocity established by people and mediated by their
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mobile phones have an impact because data about their economic, cultural, and social lives feeds political conversations. Their behavior, since they interact with the internet of things, generates data too. This economic empire has upward of $4 trillion worth of economic exchanges, making it the fifth-largest economy after the United
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throughout history, there are also persistent inequalities. In wealthy parts of the empire the internet is fast, mobile-phone connections are dependable, and the internet of things is transmitting useful information that improves product design and user experience without compromising privacy. This means that even more of the benefits of being connected
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its infrastructure, discouraging open standards, and censoring and surveilling its inhabitants. Sometimes they even try to build new internets and subnetworks. As an empire, the internet of things certainly has its enemies and rivals. The group Reporters Without Borders regularly classifies the “State Enemies of the Internet.”4 Bahrain, China, Iran, Syria,
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accidents, and there will be regional conflicts where minor cyberskirmishes erupt. Based on our recent history, the prospects for all-out cyberwar diminish as the internet of things spreads. Cyberwar has developed in interesting ways. At first, there were occasional and targeted attacks for specific military secrets. The earliest examples of cyberwarfare
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people with even modest technology skills can have a significant humanitarian impact. What do those projects teach us about the prospects for governance over an internet of things? These days, many experts speak of “governance goods” instead of governance. Governments are supposed to provide goods like working sewage lines and dependable electricity
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degree that when regular government structures break down, or weaken, they can be repaired or substituted. In other words, people will continue using the internet of things to provide governance when government is absent. Third Consequence: From a Clash of Civilizations to a Competition Between Device Networks Information activism is already a
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met but have validated one another through personal ties and trusted cryptography. Fourth Consequence: Connective Action and Crypto Clans The fourth consequence of the internet of things is that connective action will solve more and more collective problems. Whereas Ahmed Maher had a powerful reason for joining a popular uprising for democracy
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log files.39 Yet big data analysis certainly has critics, and the big data debate is relevant for thinking through the impact of the internet of things.40 The internet of things is going to make big data truly gargantuan. Successfully analyzing the data that can be collected by a world of networked devices will
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network. Extensive monitoring and close collaboration between government and industry allow the Party to preserve the Chinese internet. These factors also mean that the internet of things will struggle to evolve in China. Either the government has to work out ever more sophisticated techniques for monitoring the traffic among devices, or
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networks that set up problems also become the sources of resolution and security. Criminals and extremists will always find ways to use and abuse the internet of things. One such problem is that new technologies leak across markets and jurisdictions, resulting in political advantages and disadvantages for different actors. It is almost
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networks thrive and evolve. Open networks share content and communicate quickly, making it easier to solve problems and take full advantage of available resources. The internet of things will turn everyday device networks into politically valuable data. For example, pod coffeemakers have become popular sources for users’ daily dose of caffeine. They
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device networks to be closed systems, and not interoperable or hackable, encourages other manufacturers to do the same. Public leadership on an open, flexible internet of things would guide technology designers to be creative and responsible. Digital-rights management has become one of the most legally complex and politically intractable problems of
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by patterns of interaction and the domains in which political power will be exercised. Internet-connected devices now mediate our political culture. If the internet of things grows as projected, it will eventually contain our political culture. Coalitions of Western governments and technology firms control most of the world’s information
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impact on how scientists, public policy makers, and interested stakeholders communicate to their publics and arrive at decisions. Today’s decisions about implementing the internet of things will have political resonance for generations to come. Global technology policy is central precisely because it sets the rules by which progress in all other
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to surveillance and censorship by profit-hungry firms and abusive governments.27 Regardless of whether they succeed, reserving some capacity for civic life over the internet of things means creating networks that can never be blocked, filtered, or shut down. As crisis mappers have shown, disaster relief is essentially a giant logistical
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are published that have been compromised by a hacker, clumsy firm, or careless government office. If we cannot opt out of data collection over the internet of things, we should require that devices identify the ultimate beneficiaries of data flows. Personal identity is organized around government-issued birth certificates, passport documents, and
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names, still allowing collaboration with the Chinese government, but making the collaboration seem innocuous. So several developments could improve the likelihood of a “good” internet of things. More Western technology firms could get behind the GNI and participate in the conversations about corporate responsibility that it leads. While there are ways to
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ensure that healthy, public conversations about the internet of things occur within countries and trading zones like North America and Europe, there are also foreign policies that project civic values into the technology policies of
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sector, and allow civil-society groups to work more effectively. Third, we should prepare civil-society groups for their work on and over the internet of things. Civil-society organizations often create good content over computers and mobile phones that competes with regime-vetted broadcasts, partisan propaganda, and extremist cries for
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attention. Public use of the internet of things will guarantee the ability of all government, corporate, party, and civic actors to check one another’s behavior and benefit from connectivity in balanced
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30, 2014, https://www.abiresearch.com/press/more-than-30-billion-devices-will-wirelessly-conne; fifty billion devices and objects: “The Internet of Things,” Cisco, accessed June 16, 2014, http://share.cisco.com/internet-of-things.html; “nanosats”: “Space: The Next Startup Frontier,” Economist, June 7, 2014, accessed September 30, 2014, http://www.economist.com
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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, January 17, 2013), accessed September 30, 2014, http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/workingpaper/5k4dkhvnzv35-en. 2. “The Internet of Things.” 3. Marcus Wohlsen, “What Google Really Gets Out of Buying Nest for $3.2 Billion,” Wired, January 14, 2014, accessed September 30, 2014, http
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“Documents Reveal Unregulated Use of Stingrays in California.” 7. Building a Democracy of Our Own Devices 1. Marcus Wohlsen, “Why Copyrighted Coffee May Cripple the Internet of Things,” Wired, March 6, 2014, accessed September 30, 2014, http://www.wired.com/2014/03/copyrighted-coffee-undermine-whole-internet-things/. 2. Tarleton Gillespie, Wired
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Internet exchange point the physical infrastructure that serves as a mandatory point of passage for data flowing from one network, or service provider, to others Internet of things networks of manufactured goods with embedded power supplies, small sensors, and an address on the internet. Most of these networked devices are everyday items
by Paul Kingsnorth · 23 Sep 2025 · 388pp · 110,920 words
we desire, from junk food to sex dolls. This kind of ‘distributed solution’ (the actual problem remains mysteriously vague) is the essence of the coming Internet of Things and its associated Internet of Bodies. ‘Intelligent’ buildings, wearable sensors, implanted chips: in 2016, when the WEF’s book was published, these may have seemed
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information, 299 integration, 3–4 intellect, 235 intentional communities, 294 international law, self-determination in, 196 the Internet, 37, 118, 163, 244, 258, 300–301 Internet of Things, 213 In the Shadow of the Machine (Naydler), 232–33 Ireland, 22, 170, 308–9 Celtic Tiger in, 181, 316 folk heroes in, 297 heatwave
by David G. W. Birch and Victoria Richardson · 28 Apr 2024 · 249pp · 74,201 words
, using digital representations of products, processes and systems to enhance efficiency and sustainability in manufacturing (Santos 2023). By harnessing technologies including VR, AR and the internet of things (IoT), the industrial metaverse should help manufacturers to optimize operations, reduce waste and minimize environmental impact. Overall, this presents a substantial business opportunity. The management
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controlling things in the real world without having anyone in the middle either. Since tokens might be a way to solve the ‘ID for the internet of things’ problem, they might also provide a means to link objects in the Metaverse to mundane objects. There will be more on this later, but for
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Hardware Abstraction Layer HSM hardware security module HUD head-up display IATA International Air Transport Association ICO initial coin offering IMF International Monetary Fund IoT internet of things KYC Know Your Customer KYE Know Your Employee LLM large language model MR mixed reality MRV measurement, reporting and verification NFT non-fungible token OIDC
by James Ashton · 11 May 2023 · 401pp · 113,586 words
cent each into data centres and cars, with the remainder taken up for industrial and defence use, including tiny sensors installed as part of the ‘internet of things’ wave that will draw ‘dumb’ items into the ‘smart’ communications network of the future. Their constellations control and monitor and are heavily responsible for generating
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, it had almost halved thanks to an explosion in lower-value devices connected by Bluetooth and wi-fi that pointed the way to the coming ‘internet of things’ (IOT) trend. And for all its hunt for new destinations for its designs, the mobile market still dominated Arm’s income, where it earned a
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neighbourhoods in Silicon Valley that counted Intel’s Gordon Moore, venture capitalist John Doerr and the Oracle chief executive Larry Ellison among its residents. The Internet of Things It was this sumptuous property that Simon Segars pulled up to on 27 June 2016, the latest in a series of meetings he had attended
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that had largely sustained it since it joined the stock market 17 years earlier was starting to tail off. Also discussed that day was the ‘internet of things’ (IOT), the next technological paradigm that would see low-power chips installed everywhere, from fridges to washing machines, so that appliances could be controlled and
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piece of paper across the table containing the price he was willing to pay. The seriousness of his intent was clear from the start. The ‘internet of things’ (IOT) was coming, and Arm had a big role to play. With SoftBank behind it, Arm could invest harder and faster than as a public
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$1bn mark; now we need to reset our target at $100bn.’17 Other members of the old guard were more balanced. ‘To me, in this internet of things idea, there are things that Arm is doing and things that SoftBank is doing and if you can put those two ideas together and make
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those market opportunities, ‘we haven’t had to choose one, we are able to invest in parallel’, he said.8 And then there was the internet of things (IOT), whose promise had captivated Son in 2016. There would be one trillion connected devices by 2035, Arm predicted. Its designs already featured in billions
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the necessary electronic circuits for a single device. Another market watcher, Counterpoint Research, thought RISC-V could achieve a 25 per cent share of the internet of things (IOT) segment by 2025, where simple, low-powered sensors were required.12 ‘I would put relations at neutral,’ Redmond said when asked about how RISC
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staff morale, headcount was reduced by 1,250, marking an 18 per cent decline overall – although about half of these roles were with the underwhelming internet of things (IOT) software platform, Pelion, and associated assets that were being hived off and remaining with SoftBank. Many of the rest were administrative and support staff
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.co.uk/arm-holdings-plc—arm-/rns/analyst-and-investor-day-2015/201509150700080227Z/ 7 https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-internet-of-things-the-value-of-digitizing-the-physical-world 8 https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Companies/Masayoshi-Son-talks-about-how-Steve-Jobs-inspired-SoftBank-s-Arm
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/press-releases/2016-01-14-gartner-says-by-2020-more-than-half-of-major-new-business-processes-and-systems-will-incorporate-some-element-of-the-internet-of-things 11 https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2017-02-07-gartner-says-8-billion-connected-things-will-be-in-use-in-2017-up
by W. David Marx · 18 Nov 2025 · 642pp · 142,332 words
. By early 2015, Google pulled Glass from the consumer market, pivoting to enterprise applications like warehouse management, before quietly discontinuing the product altogether. Similarly, the Internet of Things (IoT) trend offered little beyond novelty. “Smart” home devices such as Amazon Echo and Google Home promised a new age of “ambient computing” operated by
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), 116 Insane Clown Posse (ICP), 91–92, 194, 195 Inside Job (film), 69 Instagram, 5, 104, 177, 180–83, 229, 232 “Instagram face,” 213–14 Internet of Things (IoT), 168 interpolations, 210–11 Interscope Records, 17, 35, 79, 179 Interview (magazine), 32 In the Mood for Love (film), 245 In Touch Weekly, 48
by Lionel Barber · 3 Oct 2024 · 424pp · 123,730 words
, the world’s top technology investors, including Masayoshi Son, were gushing about digital genetic coding, self-driving cars, next-generation robotics and something called ‘the internet of things’. This was the fancy term to describe a new high-tech ecosystem where billions of smart devices would talk to each other, transforming every sector
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his hilltop mansion in nearby Woodside? Segars agreed and asked his head of business strategy, Tom Lantzsch, to come along with a pitch on the internet of things. After a multi-million dollar makeover, the four-storey Woodside villa was designed to entertain, impress, even intimidate guests with its conspicuous display of wealth
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booked the whole of the second floor of the restaurant, another grand gesture ostensibly justified by the need for privacy. He chuntered on about the internet of things, praised ARM’s performance and finally handed over a one-page letter of intent comprising a premium over its share price, an offer valued at
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. Hauser was in the middle of a ploughman’s lunch at the Royal Oak pub in Barrington, Cambridge. Masa ran through his pitch on the internet of things and the coming ‘paradigm shift’. The IoT would bring an explosion of connectivity, with a trillion devices talking to each other. ARM would supply the
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chips of choice. Hauser said to himself: this man doesn’t have a clue what he is talking about. The internet of things covered a multitude of applications. Lamps were not the same as cheap telephones or thermometers. Besides, there was more money in the next generation of
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, too, the deal was mixed. Masa was faithful to his word, doubling the workforce from 3,000 to 6,000. He also invested in the internet of things, but the initiative did not go anywhere. From a financial standpoint, the doubling of the workforce did not lead to a doubling of revenue; but
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*; Fujita’s advice to Masa, 26; innovation in 1970s California, 27–8, 33–4, 37, 101–2; Intel 4004 chip, 35; Intel 8080 microprocessor, 33; ‘internet of things’, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254–5; invention of integrated circuit, 27; Masa at Berkeley, 36–9; memory board manufacturers, 108–11; Microsoft-Novell rivalry, 76
by Tim Jackson · 8 Dec 2016 · 573pp · 115,489 words
long-term social good, rather than against it. Where some have seen a radical transformation of human work through processes of robotisation, digitalisation and the ‘internet of things’, this book has outlined a rather different vision. Community-centred enterprise engaged in delivering local services, such as nutrition, education, care, maintenance and repair, recreation
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by Rowan Hooper · 15 Jan 2020 · 285pp · 86,858 words
by Michael P. Lynch · 21 Mar 2016 · 230pp · 61,702 words
by Astra Taylor · 4 Mar 2014 · 283pp · 85,824 words
by Dipanjan Sarkar · 1 Dec 2016
by Colin Kahl and Thomas Wright · 23 Aug 2021 · 652pp · 172,428 words
by Diane Coyle · 11 Oct 2021 · 305pp · 75,697 words
by Anders Lisdorf
by Mustafa Suleyman · 4 Sep 2023 · 444pp · 117,770 words
by Rob Kitchin,Tracey P. Lauriault,Gavin McArdle · 2 Aug 2017
by Jim Al-Khalili · 17 Apr 2019 · 381pp · 120,361 words
by Michael Bhaskar · 2 Nov 2021
by Reid Hoffman, June Cohen and Deron Triff · 14 Oct 2021 · 309pp · 96,168 words
by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler · 28 Jan 2020 · 501pp · 114,888 words
by Ashton Applewhite · 10 Feb 2016 · 312pp · 84,421 words
by Greg Nudelman and Pabini Gabriel-Petit · 8 May 2011
by Robin Chase · 14 May 2015 · 330pp · 91,805 words
by Martin Ford · 13 Sep 2021 · 288pp · 86,995 words
by Martin Kleppmann · 16 Mar 2017 · 1,237pp · 227,370 words
by George Zarkadakis · 7 Mar 2016 · 405pp · 117,219 words
by Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott · 9 May 2016 · 515pp · 126,820 words
by Steven Osborn · 17 Sep 2013 · 310pp · 34,482 words
by Brian Dumaine · 11 May 2020 · 411pp · 98,128 words
by Jessica Bruder and Dale Maharidge · 29 Mar 2020 · 159pp · 42,401 words
by Don Tapscott and Anthony D. Williams · 28 Sep 2010 · 552pp · 168,518 words
by Camila Russo · 13 Jul 2020 · 349pp · 102,827 words
by Nicole Perlroth · 9 Feb 2021 · 651pp · 186,130 words
by James Ball · 19 Aug 2020 · 268pp · 76,702 words
by Shoshana Zuboff · 15 Jan 2019 · 918pp · 257,605 words
by David Gerard · 23 Jul 2017 · 309pp · 54,839 words
by Roger McNamee · 1 Jan 2019 · 382pp · 105,819 words
by Golden Krishna · 10 Feb 2015 · 271pp · 62,538 words
by Eli Pariser · 11 May 2011 · 274pp · 75,846 words
by Amy Webb · 5 Mar 2019 · 340pp · 97,723 words
by Clive Thompson · 26 Mar 2019 · 499pp · 144,278 words
by Martin Kleppmann · 17 Apr 2017
by Eli Berman, Joseph H. Felter, Jacob N. Shapiro and Vestal Mcintyre · 12 May 2018 · 517pp · 147,591 words
by Thomas A. Limoncelli, Strata R. Chalup and Christina J. Hogan · 27 Aug 2014 · 757pp · 193,541 words
by Hod Lipson and Melba Kurman · 22 Sep 2016
by Viktor Mayer-Schonberger and Kenneth Cukier · 5 Mar 2013 · 304pp · 82,395 words
by Douglas Rushkoff · 22 Jan 2019 · 196pp · 54,339 words
by Benjamin H. Bratton · 19 Feb 2016 · 903pp · 235,753 words
by Alistair Croll and Benjamin Yoskovitz · 1 Mar 2013 · 567pp · 122,311 words
by Sean Ellis and Morgan Brown · 24 Apr 2017 · 344pp · 96,020 words
by Hamish McKenzie · 30 Sep 2017 · 307pp · 90,634 words
by Eric O'Neill · 1 Mar 2019 · 299pp · 88,375 words
by Brian Merchant · 19 Jun 2017 · 416pp · 129,308 words
by Andrew McAfee and Erik Brynjolfsson · 26 Jun 2017 · 472pp · 117,093 words
by Jacob Silverman · 17 Mar 2015 · 527pp · 147,690 words
by Adam Greenfield · 29 May 2017 · 410pp · 119,823 words
by Tim Sullivan · 6 Jun 2016 · 252pp · 73,131 words
by Ian Goldin and Chris Kutarna · 23 May 2016 · 437pp · 113,173 words
by Vivek Wadhwa and Alex Salkever · 2 Apr 2017 · 181pp · 52,147 words
by Kevin Kelly · 6 Jun 2016 · 371pp · 108,317 words
by Nicholas Carr · 28 Sep 2014 · 308pp · 84,713 words
by Jamie Bartlett · 4 Apr 2018 · 170pp · 49,193 words
by Scott D. Anthony and Mark W. Johnson · 27 Mar 2017 · 293pp · 78,439 words
by Tom Standage · 27 Nov 2018 · 215pp · 59,188 words
by Bruce Schneier · 3 Sep 2018 · 448pp · 117,325 words
by Calum Chace · 28 Jul 2015 · 144pp · 43,356 words
by James Bridle · 18 Jun 2018 · 301pp · 85,263 words
by Martin J. Rees · 14 Oct 2018 · 193pp · 51,445 words
by Paul Scharre · 23 Apr 2018 · 590pp · 152,595 words
by Thomas L. Friedman · 22 Nov 2016 · 602pp · 177,874 words
by Jaron Lanier · 28 May 2018 · 151pp · 39,757 words
by Leslie Berlin · 7 Nov 2017 · 615pp · 168,775 words
by Corey Pein · 23 Apr 2018 · 282pp · 81,873 words
by Fabio Nelli · 27 Sep 2018 · 688pp · 107,867 words
by Paul Vigna and Michael J. Casey · 27 Feb 2018 · 348pp · 97,277 words
by Chris Goodall · 6 Jul 2016 · 271pp · 79,367 words
by Mark Stevenson · 4 Dec 2010 · 379pp · 108,129 words
by Bruce Schneier · 2 Mar 2015 · 598pp · 134,339 words
by Marc Goodman · 24 Feb 2015 · 677pp · 206,548 words
by Alec Ross · 2 Feb 2016 · 364pp · 99,897 words
by Ken Auletta · 4 Jun 2018 · 379pp · 109,223 words
by Roger L. Martin · 28 Sep 2020 · 600pp · 72,502 words
by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler · 3 Feb 2015 · 368pp · 96,825 words
by Anthony M. Townsend · 29 Sep 2013 · 464pp · 127,283 words
by Robert Scoble and Shel Israel · 4 Sep 2013 · 202pp · 59,883 words
by Eric Topol · 6 Jan 2015 · 588pp · 131,025 words
by Steve Lohr · 10 Mar 2015 · 239pp · 70,206 words
by Richard Watson · 5 Nov 2013 · 219pp · 63,495 words
by Richard A. Clarke and Robert K. Knake · 15 Jul 2019 · 409pp · 112,055 words
by Margaret Heffernan · 20 Feb 2020 · 335pp · 97,468 words
by Graham Allison · 29 May 2017 · 518pp · 128,324 words
by Paul Vigna and Michael J. Casey · 27 Jan 2015 · 457pp · 128,838 words
by Bharat Anand · 17 Oct 2016 · 554pp · 149,489 words
by William Davidow and Michael Malone · 18 Feb 2020 · 304pp · 80,143 words
by David Runciman · 9 May 2018 · 245pp · 72,893 words
by Mariana Mazzucato · 25 Apr 2018 · 457pp · 125,329 words
by Pierre Vernimmen, Pascal Quiry, Maurizio Dallocchio, Yann le Fur and Antonio Salvi · 16 Oct 2017 · 1,544pp · 391,691 words
by Jamie Susskind · 3 Sep 2018 · 533pp
by Jane McGonigal · 22 Mar 2022 · 420pp · 135,569 words
by Jeanette Winterson · 15 Mar 2021 · 256pp · 73,068 words
by Jacob Turner · 29 Oct 2018 · 688pp · 147,571 words
by Charles de Ganahl Koch · 14 Sep 2015 · 261pp · 74,471 words
by James Vlahos · 1 Mar 2019 · 392pp · 108,745 words
by Amy B. Zegart · 6 Nov 2021
by Kevin Mitnick, Mikko Hypponen and Robert Vamosi · 14 Feb 2017 · 305pp · 93,091 words
by Cliff Kuang and Robert Fabricant · 7 Nov 2019
by Adam Greenfield · 14 Sep 2006 · 229pp · 68,426 words
by Tien Tzuo and Gabe Weisert · 4 Jun 2018 · 244pp · 66,977 words
by Thomas W. Malone · 14 May 2018 · 344pp · 104,077 words
by Lionel Barber · 5 Nov 2020
by Alan Weisman · 21 Apr 2025 · 599pp · 149,014 words
by Atsuo Inoue · 18 Nov 2021 · 295pp · 89,441 words
by Andreas M. Antonopoulos and Gavin Wood Ph. D. · 23 Dec 2018 · 960pp · 125,049 words
by John Markoff · 22 Mar 2022 · 573pp · 142,376 words
by David N. Blank-Edelman · 16 Sep 2018
by Susan Linn · 12 Sep 2022 · 415pp · 102,982 words
by Laura Shin · 22 Feb 2022 · 506pp · 151,753 words
by Bruce Schneier · 7 Feb 2023 · 306pp · 82,909 words
by Brett Scott · 4 Jul 2022 · 308pp · 85,850 words
by Carl Benedikt Frey · 17 Jun 2019 · 626pp · 167,836 words
by Leigh Phillips and Michal Rozworski · 5 Mar 2019 · 202pp · 62,901 words
by Orly Lobel · 17 Oct 2022 · 370pp · 112,809 words
by Roger Bootle · 4 Sep 2019 · 374pp · 111,284 words
by Justin E. H. Smith · 22 Mar 2022 · 198pp · 59,351 words
by Andrew Greenway,Ben Terrett,Mike Bracken,Tom Loosemore · 18 Jun 2018
by Chuck Wendig · 1 Jul 2019 · 1,028pp · 267,392 words
by Natalie Berg and Miya Knights · 28 Jan 2019 · 404pp · 95,163 words
by Caspar Herzberg · 13 Apr 2017
by Ariel Ezrachi and Maurice E. Stucke · 30 Nov 2016
by Morgan G. Ames · 19 Nov 2019 · 426pp · 117,775 words
by Scott J. Shapiro · 523pp · 154,042 words
by Parag Khanna · 18 Apr 2016 · 497pp · 144,283 words
by David G. W. Birch · 14 Apr 2020 · 247pp · 60,543 words
by Kai-Fu Lee and Qiufan Chen · 13 Sep 2021
by Matt Mason
by George Gilder · 16 Jul 2018 · 332pp · 93,672 words
by Lisa Gansky · 14 Oct 2010 · 215pp · 55,212 words
by Klaus Schwab and Peter Vanham · 27 Jan 2021 · 460pp · 107,454 words
by Lorne Lantz and Daniel Cawrey · 8 Dec 2020 · 434pp · 77,974 words
by Andrew Keen · 1 Mar 2018 · 308pp · 85,880 words
by John Brockman · 5 Oct 2015 · 481pp · 125,946 words
by Charles Handy · 12 Mar 2015 · 164pp · 57,068 words
by Thomas H. Davenport · 4 Feb 2014
by Jonathan Taplin · 17 Apr 2017 · 222pp · 70,132 words
by Ruchir Sharma · 5 Jun 2016 · 566pp · 163,322 words
by Arun Sundararajan · 12 May 2016 · 375pp · 88,306 words
by Joel Kotkin · 31 Aug 2014 · 362pp · 83,464 words
by Nick Bilton · 13 Sep 2010 · 236pp · 77,098 words
by Kai-Fu Lee · 14 Sep 2018 · 307pp · 88,180 words
by Varun Sivaram · 2 Mar 2018 · 469pp · 132,438 words
by Nick Srnicek · 22 Dec 2016 · 116pp · 31,356 words
by Salim Ismail and Yuri van Geest · 17 Oct 2014 · 292pp · 85,151 words
by Richard A. Clarke · 10 Apr 2017 · 428pp · 121,717 words
by P. W. Singer and Allan Friedman · 3 Jan 2014 · 587pp · 117,894 words
by Rufus Pollock · 29 May 2018 · 105pp · 34,444 words
by Andrew Keen · 5 Jan 2015 · 361pp · 81,068 words
by Michael Swaine and Paul Freiberger · 19 Oct 2014 · 459pp · 140,010 words
by Aaron Bastani · 10 Jun 2019 · 280pp · 74,559 words
by Richard Yonck · 7 Mar 2017 · 360pp · 100,991 words
by David Birch · 14 Jun 2017 · 275pp · 84,980 words
by Pistono, Federico · 14 Oct 2012 · 245pp · 64,288 words
by Heather Adkins, Betsy Beyer, Paul Blankinship, Ana Oprea, Piotr Lewandowski and Adam Stubblefield · 29 Mar 2020 · 1,380pp · 190,710 words
by Diane Ackerman · 9 Sep 2014 · 380pp · 104,841 words
by Barry Libert and Megan Beck · 6 Jun 2016 · 285pp · 58,517 words
by Calestous Juma · 20 Mar 2017
by Frank Pasquale · 17 Nov 2014 · 320pp · 87,853 words
by Klaus Schwab · 11 Jan 2016 · 179pp · 43,441 words
by Satya Nadella, Greg Shaw and Jill Tracie Nichols · 25 Sep 2017 · 391pp · 71,600 words
by Luke Dormehl · 10 Aug 2016 · 252pp · 74,167 words
by Tim O'Reilly · 9 Oct 2017 · 561pp · 157,589 words
by Melanie Swan · 22 Jan 2014 · 271pp · 52,814 words
by Sangeet Paul Choudary, Marshall W. van Alstyne and Geoffrey G. Parker · 27 Mar 2016 · 421pp · 110,406 words
by Rob Kitchin · 25 Aug 2014
by Gottfried Leibbrandt and Natasha de Teran · 14 Jul 2021 · 326pp · 91,532 words
by Aaron Perzanowski and Jason Schultz · 4 Nov 2016 · 374pp · 97,288 words
by Jan Kunigk, Ian Buss, Paul Wilkinson and Lars George · 8 Jan 2019 · 1,409pp · 205,237 words
by Michael A. Heller and James Salzman · 2 Mar 2021 · 332pp · 100,245 words
by Sergey Young · 23 Aug 2021 · 326pp · 88,968 words
by Joi Ito and Jeff Howe · 6 Dec 2016 · 254pp · 76,064 words
by Muhammad Yunus · 25 Sep 2017 · 278pp · 74,880 words
by Ted Books · 20 Feb 2013 · 83pp · 23,805 words
by Robert H. Latiff · 25 Sep 2017 · 158pp · 46,353 words
by Harihara Subramanian · 31 Jan 2019 · 422pp · 86,414 words
by Matthew Ball · 18 Jul 2022 · 412pp · 116,685 words
by Andreas Herrmann, Walter Brenner and Rupert Stadler · 25 Mar 2018
by Tamara Kneese · 14 Aug 2023 · 284pp · 75,744 words
by Brett King · 5 May 2016 · 385pp · 111,113 words
by Parag Khanna · 5 Feb 2019 · 496pp · 131,938 words
by Clint Watts · 28 May 2018 · 324pp · 96,491 words
by Fred Kaplan · 1 Mar 2016 · 383pp · 105,021 words
by Peter Warren Singer and Emerson T. Brooking · 15 Mar 2018
by Ben Tarnoff · 13 Jun 2022 · 234pp · 67,589 words
by John P. Carlin and Garrett M. Graff · 15 Oct 2018 · 568pp · 164,014 words
by William Davies · 28 Sep 2020 · 210pp · 65,833 words
by Christopher Wylie · 8 Oct 2019
by Tyler Cowen · 8 Apr 2019 · 297pp · 84,009 words
by Paul Scharre · 18 Jan 2023
by Ray Kurzweil · 25 Jun 2024
by Rana Foroohar · 5 Nov 2019 · 380pp · 109,724 words
by J. B. MacKinnon · 14 May 2021 · 368pp · 109,432 words
by Joseph Menn · 3 Jun 2019 · 302pp · 85,877 words
by Jacob Helberg · 11 Oct 2021 · 521pp · 118,183 words
by Dariusz Jemielniak and Aleksandra Przegalinska · 18 Feb 2020 · 187pp · 50,083 words
by Chris Anderson · 1 Oct 2012 · 238pp · 73,824 words
by Jeremy Rifkin · 9 Sep 2019 · 327pp · 84,627 words
by Brad Smith and Carol Ann Browne · 9 Sep 2019 · 482pp · 121,173 words
by Richard Seymour · 20 Aug 2019 · 297pp · 83,651 words
by Alvin E. Roth · 1 Jun 2015 · 282pp · 80,907 words
by Paul Mason · 29 Jul 2015 · 378pp · 110,518 words
by Chris Skinner · 27 Aug 2013 · 329pp · 95,309 words
by John Markoff · 24 Aug 2015 · 413pp · 119,587 words
by Femi Anthony · 21 Jun 2015 · 589pp · 69,193 words
by Thomas H. Davenport and Julia Kirby · 23 May 2016 · 347pp · 97,721 words
by Jaideep Prabhu Navi Radjou · 15 Feb 2015 · 400pp · 88,647 words
by Terrence J. Sejnowski · 27 Sep 2018
by William Mougayar · 25 Apr 2016 · 161pp · 44,488 words
by Calum Chace · 17 Jul 2016 · 477pp · 75,408 words
by Cathy O'Neil · 5 Sep 2016 · 252pp · 72,473 words
by Fredrik Erixon and Bjorn Weigel · 3 Oct 2016 · 504pp · 126,835 words
by Jamie Bartlett · 20 Aug 2014 · 267pp · 82,580 words
by Jeremy Lent · 22 May 2017 · 789pp · 207,744 words
by Tyler Cowen · 27 Feb 2017 · 287pp · 82,576 words
by Tim Maughan · 1 Apr 2019 · 303pp · 81,071 words
by Trebor Scholz and Nathan Schneider · 14 Aug 2017 · 237pp · 67,154 words
by Thomas S. Mullaney, Benjamin Peters, Mar Hicks and Kavita Philip · 9 Mar 2021 · 661pp · 156,009 words
by Sangeet Paul Choudary · 14 Sep 2015 · 302pp · 73,581 words
by Lauren Turner Claire, Laure Claire Reillier and Benoit Reillier · 14 Oct 2017 · 240pp · 78,436 words
by Michael A. Cusumano, Annabelle Gawer and David B. Yoffie · 6 May 2019 · 328pp · 84,682 words
by Alex Moazed and Nicholas L. Johnson · 30 May 2016 · 324pp · 89,875 words
by Nick Couldry and Ulises A. Mejias · 19 Aug 2019 · 458pp · 116,832 words
by Eliot Brown and Maureen Farrell · 19 Jul 2021 · 460pp · 130,820 words
by Brett Christophers · 17 Nov 2020 · 614pp · 168,545 words
by Rebecca Fannin · 2 Sep 2019 · 269pp · 70,543 words
by Rush Doshi · 24 Jun 2021 · 816pp · 191,889 words
by Ronald J. Deibert · 14 Aug 2020
by Jeff Lawson · 12 Jan 2021 · 282pp · 85,658 words
by Imran Bashir · 28 Mar 2018
by Glyn Moody · 26 Sep 2022 · 295pp · 66,912 words
by Yolande Strengers and Jenny Kennedy · 14 Apr 2020
by Kent E. Calder · 28 Apr 2019
by Christopher Summerfield · 11 Mar 2025 · 412pp · 122,298 words
by Olivier Cure and Guillaume Blin · 10 Dec 2014
by Eva Dou · 14 Jan 2025 · 394pp · 110,159 words
by Bruno Maçães · 1 Feb 2019 · 281pp · 69,107 words
by Tim Berners-Lee · 8 Sep 2025 · 347pp · 100,038 words
by Cory Doctorow · 6 Oct 2025 · 313pp · 94,415 words
by Richard Susskind and Daniel Susskind · 24 Aug 2015 · 742pp · 137,937 words
by Michael Jacobs and Mariana Mazzucato · 31 Jul 2016 · 370pp · 102,823 words
by Xiaowei Wang · 12 Oct 2020 · 196pp · 61,981 words
by Klaus Schwab · 7 Jan 2021 · 460pp · 107,454 words
by Amr Hazem Wahba Metwaly · 21 Mar 2021 · 80pp · 21,077 words
by Guillaume Pitron · 15 Feb 2020 · 249pp · 66,492 words
by Anu Bradford · 25 Sep 2023 · 898pp · 236,779 words
by Richard Dobbs and James Manyika · 12 May 2015 · 389pp · 87,758 words
by Leslie Sikos · 10 Jul 2015
by Thierry Poibeau · 14 Sep 2017 · 174pp · 56,405 words
by Denise Hearn and Vass Bednar · 14 Oct 2024 · 175pp · 46,192 words
by Guillaume Pitron · 14 Jun 2023 · 271pp · 79,355 words
by Alex Howard · 21 Feb 2012 · 25pp · 5,789 words
by George Gilder · 23 Feb 2016 · 209pp · 53,236 words
by Rennay Dorasamy · 2 Dec 2021 · 328pp · 77,877 words
by Jon Bruner · 27 Mar 2013 · 49pp · 12,968 words
by Mariya Yao, Adelyn Zhou and Marlene Jia · 1 Jun 2018 · 161pp · 39,526 words
by Sarah Williams · 14 Sep 2020
by David S. Abraham · 27 Oct 2015 · 386pp · 91,913 words
by Takuro Sato · 17 Nov 2015