New Economic Geography Concepts

City: Urbanism and Its End

by Douglas W. Rae · 15 Jan 2003 · 537pp · 200,923 words

stand for long undisturbed by the curiosity of would-be competitors. No place—city, suburb, hamlet, or farmstead—is secure against the emergence of a new economic geography that drains vital populations and investments in the space of a few decades. In seeking ever fresh forms of production, ever larger markets, ever higher

Connectography: Mapping the Future of Global Civilization

by Parag Khanna · 18 Apr 2016 · 497pp · 144,283 words

substantial number of separatist movements, but even as it devolves, new nations can become members of the collective European Union (EU). 13. MEGACITIES AS THE NEW ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Credit pai1.13 Urban archipelagos represent a growing share of national economies. Moscow, São Paulo, Lagos, and Johannesburg are representative of growth markets where one

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as It Grows Together. Created by University of Wisconsin–Madison Cartography Laboratory. Business Insider; European Free Alliance; Natural Earth; Wikipedia. pai1.13 Megacities as the New Economic Geography. Created by University of Wisconsin–Madison Cartography Laboratory. Brookings Institution; International Monetary Fund; Lagos Bureau of Statistics; Natural Earth; Oak Ridge National Library. pai1.14

The Discovery of France

by Graham Robb · 1 Jan 2007 · 740pp · 161,563 words

’ for schoolchildren. They also encouraged hotels to display their prices and not overcharge tourists. Long before paid holidays for workers were introduced in 1936, a new economic geography of France was taking shape: the Vosges were the Alps of the petite bourgeoisie, and the mountains of the Auvergne were the poor man’s

The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger

by Marc Levinson · 1 Jan 2006 · 477pp · 135,607 words

Angeles and Hong Kong, only because the cost of bringing raw materials in and sending finished goods out had dropped like a stone.1 This new economic geography allowed firms whose ambitions had been purely domestic to become international companies, exporting their products almost as effortlessly as selling them nearby. If they did

The New Class Conflict

by Joel Kotkin · 31 Aug 2014 · 362pp · 83,464 words

.com/content/003470-is-urbanism-new-trickle-down-economics; Richard Florida, “More Losers Than Winners in America’s New Economic Geography,” CityLab, January 30, 2013, http://www.citylab.com/work/2013/01/more-losers-winners-americas-new-economic-geography/4465. 42. Joel Kotkin, “The Geography of Aging: Why Millennials Are Headed to the Suburbs,” New Geography

The Logic of Life: The Rational Economics of an Irrational World

by Tim Harford · 1 Jan 2008 · 250pp · 88,762 words

also interviewed Adam Jaffe in November 2006. To see the reason: The canonical model of this argument is the paper that launched the so-called New Economic Geography, Paul Krugman’s elegant “Increasing Returns and Economic Geography,” Journal of Political Economy 99, no. 3(June 1991): 483–99. This and many other Krugman

The Rise and Fall of Nations: Forces of Change in the Post-Crisis World

by Ruchir Sharma · 5 Jun 2016 · 566pp · 163,322 words

and CEMAC.” NYU Global, 2006. “Fortnightly Thoughts: Brighter Lights, Bigger Cities.” Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research, November 21, 2013. Fujita, Masahisa, and Paul Krugman. “The New Economic Geography: Past, Present, and the Future.” Papers in Regional Science 83 (2004): 139–64. Glaeser, Edward L., and Albert Saiz. “The Rise of the Skilled City

Aerotropolis

by John D. Kasarda and Greg Lindsay · 2 Jan 2009 · 603pp · 182,781 words

,945 in Southlake, compared to $105,000 in Virginia’s Loudon and Fairfax counties, which share Dulles. The aerotropolis represents what Kasarda describes as a new economic geography, which takes the relationship of location and connectivity into account and prices their true worth accordingly. He didn’t have a chance to apply his

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Commerce. “We sell three things,” its executive director told me, “location, accessibility, and speed.” As sterile as it sounds, Las Colinas is proof of this new economic geography. Fluor’s peripatetic executives turn out to be the exception, not the rule. The majority of inhabitants shuttle only between their cubicles and home. What

The Internet Trap: How the Digital Economy Builds Monopolies and Undermines Democracy

by Matthew Hindman · 24 Sep 2018

so-called “increasing returns revolution” that began in the industrial organization literature,3 and then found expression in the “new trade theory” and in the “new economic geography” scholarship that Krugman’s work exemplified. This parallel is no accident. If economic geography studies the production and consumption of goods in space, much of

The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization

by Richard Baldwin · 14 Nov 2016 · 606pp · 87,358 words

added by Nobel Prize–winning economist Paul Krugman and his coauthors Oxford professor Tony Venables and Kyoto professor Masahisa Fujita. The key ideas of the “new economic geography,” from their book The Spatial Economy, are explained in Chapter 6, but the main lines of logic can be extracted from the historical account in

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theoretical advances made in the 1990s. One of these was pioneered by Paul Krugman with Tony Venables, Masahisa Fujita, and others. It is called the “new economic geography”—even though some people are inclined to dispute whether it is really new and others whether it is really geography. The other 1990s logic set

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is to establish a “social contract” that gives all citizens a stake in the gains and a share of the pains. The New Economic Geography The second package of economic logic, the New Economic Geography—known affectionately as NEG by aficionados—explains the riddle of uneven spatial development, which, simply put, is: How can lower trade

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is too local to help explain, for example, how the U.K.’s industrialization could deindustrialized China. The two main agglomeration forces used in the new economic geography are supply-side and demand-side circular causality. These are what the twentieth-century development thinker Albert Hirschman somewhat confusingly called “backward and forward linkages

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foreign-created knowledge provide a subsidy to domestic innovators. Knowledge Spillovers, the Great Divergence, and the Great Convergence Tying together the endogenous growth and the New Economic Geography frameworks explains how the steam revolution could have encouraged agglomeration that produced the Great Divergence while the ICT revolution encouraged dispersion that resulted in the

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the “stability boundary,” which shows the combinations of the two forms of freeness where a symmetric division of industry is the equilibrium outcome (in the New Economic Geography sense of the word). To illustrate the workings of this framework, start with the point marked 1700. This is where trade is very costly, so

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Trade In a deservedly famous paper on “Globalization and the Inequality of Nations,” Paul Krugman and Tony Venables explain the first two facts with the new economic geography (NEG) framework. The paper—known among cognoscenti by its working title, “History of the World: Part I”—shows that the NEG logic very neatly accounts

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of global population and GDP, year 1 to 1990. The shifts in GDP during the first unbundling seemed to go the wrong way, according to new economic geography (NEG) models. In the NEG thinking, the initially big region (i.e., China and India) should have got the industry and takeoffs but in fact

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manufacturing fell from about two-thirds to under a half, while that of six developing nations rose almost as much. From the perspective of the New Economic Geography, such colossal changes in the location of economic activity must have been driven by a great weakening of the agglomeration forces that had arisen during

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Output, 1700–1913: A Reappraisal,” Explorations in Economic History 33, no. 3 [July 1996]: 277–295). However, the formal connection between the logic of the New Economic Geography and the New Growth theory came much later. Specifically, the technicalities involved in integrating the Krugman-Venables logic with the Grossman-Helpman logic were first

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distance and, 267; globalization and, 2, 19, 77, 127–130, 136, 140, 143; human capital and, 235; innovation and, 116, 123, 124; jobs and, 232; New Economic Geography and, 186–196, 189f, 194f, 214; Old Globalization (first unbundling) and, 122–124, 123f, 124f; specialization and, 202, 208; stickiness and, 231, 233, 235; tacit

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; emigration of skilled workers and, 210; globalization and, 53; industrialization and, 55, 98–99, 125; Industrial Revolution and, 40, 42, 46; land and, 124–125; New Economic Geography and, 186–187; Pax Britannica and, 54; per capita industrialization (1750-1913), 57, 58f, 59; post-World War II and, 68; pre-globalized world and

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: Americas/China and, 62–63t; Asian dominance and, 31f–32f; 1820-1913, 47; free trade/agglomeration and, 129, 194–196; human capital and, 234–235; New Economic Geography and, 186–191; New Globalization (second unbundling) and, 132, 141, 236; Old Globalization (first unbundling) and, 78, 212–213; policies and, 236, 240; pre-globalized

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, 196; services and, 232; smuggling example of, 179–183; staged development strategy and, 259; stickiness and, 229; workers and, 168–169. See also development strategies; New Economic Geography; tariffs complete knock-down kits (CKDs) , 244–246 computer growth rate, 82 Constantinople, fall of, 37 consumers, 70, 185 containerization, 75–76 Contours of the

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also I6 (Industrializing Six); R11 (Rising Eleven) industrialization (manufacturing). See A7; agglomeration; comparative (competitive) advantage; development strategies; G7; globalization, industrialization and trade; global value chains; New Economic Geography; production/consumption clusters; smile curve; steam revolution; workers and jobs Industrial Revolution, 4, 19, 40–42, 46, 59–60, 61 information storage, 82 innovation: agglomeration

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livestock, domestication of, 30 local competition, 186–188, 188–189, 191–192 local market size, 184–185 location. See agglomeration (industrial clustering)/dispersion; geography, physical; New Economic Geography; offshoring Lorde, Audre, 83 luck, 247 Lyons, Roger, 233 Macaulay, Vincent, 21–22 Maddison, Angus, 34, 37, 43f made-here-sold-there goods, 143, 150

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and, 127, 128. See also comparative (competitive) advantage; coordination; land; offshoring; policies; smuggling; spillovers; tariffs and protectionism; unions, labor Netherlands, 56, 235. See also imperialists New Economic Geography (NEG) , 179, 186–196, 189f, 194f, 208–211, 214 The New Geography of Jobs (Moretti), 228, 233, 235 New Globalization (Phase Four) (second unbundling): control

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and, 174–175, 176; endogenous growth/New Economic Geography and, 193–196, 194f; industrialization and, 7, 8; know-how and, 139; mental models and, 112, 113; moving ideas and, 161–162; North-South back

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and, 122–124, 123f, 124f; BITs and, 104; communications and, 130–139; comparative advantage and, 12, 145, 146, 147, 166f–167, 179–185; endogenous growth/New Economic Geography and, 193–196, 194f; entangled flows and, 150, 151; GDP shares and, 81f; global value chain and, 155f; Great Convergence and, 135; ideas and, 151