Northpointe / Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions Concepts

The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

by Brian Christian · 5 Oct 2020 · 625pp · 167,349 words

are using them to grant or deny parole. One of the most popular of these tools was developed by the Michigan-based firm Northpointe and goes by the name Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions—COMPAS, for short.5 COMPAS has been used by states including California, Florida, New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, New Mexico, and Wyoming, assigning

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practice.”12 One of the most widely used tools of this new era had been developed by Brennan and Wells in 1998; they called it Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions—or COMPAS.13 COMPAS uses a simple statistical model based on a weighted linear combination of things like age, age at first arrest, and criminal

Technically Wrong: Sexist Apps, Biased Algorithms, and Other Threats of Toxic Tech

by Sara Wachter-Boettcher · 9 Oct 2017 · 223pp · 60,909 words

have similar criminal profiles: they’re from the same place, born less than a year apart, charged with similar crimes. But according to software called Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions, or COMPAS, these men aren’t the same at all. COMPAS rated Parker a 10, the highest risk there is for recidivism. It rated Fugett

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(CAU) metric, 97 caretaker speech, 114–115 celebrations. See misplaced celebrations and humor COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions), 119–121, 125–129, 136, 145 computer science, and tech industry pipeline, 21–26, 181–182 Cook, Tim, 19 Cooper, Sarah, 24 Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS), 119–121, 125–129, 136, 145 Costolo, Dick, 148 Cramer, Jim, 158 Creepingbear

The Age of Entitlement: America Since the Sixties

by Christopher Caldwell · 21 Jan 2020 · 450pp · 113,173 words

. A software program for gauging convicts’ likeliness to reoffend proved especially scandalous. Developed by computer statisticians at a company called Northpointe in Colorado and used in Broward County, Florida, and elsewhere, the Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) software used algorithms to decide whether to release, parole, or continue to lock up a given prisoner. There

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, 211 Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 211 “Convoy” (song), 98 Cook, Paul, 87–88 Cordray, Richard, 211 Cornell University, 30–31, 273 corporations, 129, 174, 175 Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS), 200–202 Coughlin, Charles, 190 Coulter, Ann, 279 Counterculture, 79–82, 88, 95 Cox, Harvey, 79 crack (cocaine), 29, 242 credit, 108, 182 Crenshaw

Nexus: A Brief History of Information Networks From the Stone Age to AI

by Yuval Noah Harari · 9 Sep 2024 · 566pp · 169,013 words

,” Notre Dame Law Review 91, no. 2 (2015): 537–84; Jennifer L. Skeem and Jennifer Eno Louden, “Assessment of Evidence on the Quality of the Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS),” Center for Public Policy Research, Dec. 26, 2007, cpb-us-e2.wpmucdn.com/sites.uci.edu/dist/0/1149/files/2013/06/CDCR-Skeem

Artificial Unintelligence: How Computers Misunderstand the World

by Meredith Broussard · 19 Apr 2018 · 245pp · 83,272 words

judicial sentencing was biased against African Americans. Police administered a questionnaire to people who were arrested, and the answers were fed into a computer. The Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) algorithm then spit out a score that “predicted” how likely the person was to commit a crime in the future. The score was given

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through, 118 women in, 5 Consciousness vs. calculation, 37 Constants in programming, 88 Content-management system (CMS), 26 Cooper, Donna, 58 Copeland, Jack, 74–75 Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS), 44, 155–156 Cortana, 72 Counterculture, 5, 81–82 Cox, Amanda, 41–42 Crawford, Kate, 194 Crime reporting, 154–155 CTB/McGraw-Hill, 53

The Data Detective: Ten Easy Rules to Make Sense of Statistics

by Tim Harford · 2 Feb 2021 · 428pp · 103,544 words

used algorithm called COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions). COMPAS used the answers to a 137-item questionnaire to assess the risk that a criminal might be rearrested. But did it work? And was it fair? It wasn’t easy to find out. COMPAS is owned by a company, Equivant (formerly Northpointe), that is under no

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statistics, 189 and scale of data, 93–95 and value of imagery, 62–63 and visualization of data, 221–23, 228, 230–31, 235 COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions), 176–79 complex choices, 105–8 composite measures, 91–92 confidentiality, 208 confirmation bias, 33 conformity, 135–38 Congressional Budget Office (CBO), 186–89, 199

The Art of Statistics: Learning From Data

by David Spiegelhalter · 14 Oct 2019 · 442pp · 94,734 words

their structure is private, perhaps through being a proprietary commercial product. This is one of the major complaints about so-called recidivism algorithms, such as Northpointe’s Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) or MMR’s Level of Service Inventory – Revised (LSI-R).5 These algorithms produce a risk-score or category that can be used

Robot Rules: Regulating Artificial Intelligence

by Jacob Turner · 29 Oct 2018 · 688pp · 147,571 words

of the charges. In preparation for sentencing, a Wisconsin Department of Corrections officer produced a report which included findings made by an AI tool called Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) . COMPAS assessments estimate the risk of reoffending based on data gathered from an interview with the offender and information from the offender’s criminal

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Red Button. See Kill Switch Black Box Problem See alsoExplanation, Transparency Blockchain C Causation factual legal China Civil Law Common Law Consciousness Contract Corporate law Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) Corrigibility Criminal Law Cyber-law D Data Protection Directive 1995 DeepMind DeepQ Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Definitions of AI functional human-centric

The Art of Statistics: How to Learn From Data

by David Spiegelhalter · 2 Sep 2019 · 404pp · 92,713 words

their structure is private, perhaps through being a proprietary commercial product. This is one of the major complaints about so-called recidivism algorithms, such as Northpointe’s Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) or MMR’s Level of Service Inventory—Revised (LSI-R).5 These algorithms produce a risk-score or category that can be used

The Equality Machine: Harnessing Digital Technology for a Brighter, More Inclusive Future

by Orly Lobel · 17 Oct 2022 · 370pp · 112,809 words

heatedly debated. Algorithms are regularly used in decisions about bail, bond amounts, sentencing, and early release from prison. The controversy around one leading software tool, Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS), centers on the algorithms’ ability to make these life-altering decisions generally. There are particular concerns about algorithmic bias against people of color. Earlier