Drugs 2.0: The Web Revolution That's Changing How the World Gets High
by Mike Power · 1 May 2013 · 378pp · 94,468 words
towards his work, Shulgin published his entire body of knowledge in two seminal works of psychedelic chemistry: PIHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved): A Chemical Love Story, in 1990 and, seven years later, TIHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved), which covered the other major class of psychedelics. Psychedelic pioneer Timothy
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Leary has compared PIHKAL to Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species,5 and, while most of Leary
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found to be in possession of various samples of drugs people had sent him, anonymously, to test, which was an infraction of his DEA licence. PIHKAL reveals in practical detail the chemical synthesis and human dosage of hundreds of psychoactive substances, each of which are in the phenethylamine class. At the
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oil of parsley, or safrole, as a precursor, its similarity to pre-existing drug structures, such as amphetamine, making fewer chemical reactions necessary. Indeed, in PIHKAL Shulgin identified ten amphetamines that were closely linked to essential oils and he deliberately chose precursors that were, back then, available without a great deal
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ten essential oils that have a three-carbon chain, and each lacks only a molecule of ammonia to become an amphetamine.’6 Since their publication PIHKAL and TIHKAL have served as guidebooks to the new chemical terrain, their pages revealing in detail the doses of new and unknown drugs. But these are
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and his wife, Ann, a counsellor and psychotherapist who has used many of her husband’s drugs in her practice, with, she says, great success. PIHKAL also contains an extended riff on the reasons behind Shulgin’s quest for psychedelic experiences. These drugs were for research, for exploration, and for the
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according to an agreed scale and write up their impressions, from a ‘plus one’ up to a ‘plus four’. The ‘plus four’, he wrote in PIHKAL, was a ‘a rare and precious transcendental state, which has been called a “peak experience”, a “religious experience”, “divine transformation” a “state of Samadhi” and
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safrole as a precursor, and in 1967 he started to work with the new drug himself. Entry 109 in PIHKAL would prove to be the most revolutionary of the hundreds it contained. PIHKAL does not attribute authorship to its substance reports, and Shulgin himself never (publicly) rhapsodized about the power of MDMA
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substitution – molecular replacements of the kind that Shulgin was carrying out – that would make each related compound illegal. This banned most, but not all, of PIHKAL in the UK before it was even published. In the summer of 1988, the drug was discovered by a group of English clubbers while they
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Floyd: Dark Globe (Plexus Publishing Ltd, 2010), p. 298 5. Dennis Romero, ‘Sasha Shulgin, Psychedelic Chemist’, Los Angeles Times, 5 September 1995 6. Alexander Shulgin, PIHKAL: A Chemical Love Story (Transform Press, 1991), p. 860 7. Ibid., p. xvi 8. Ibid., p. xviii 9. www.erowid.org/library/books_online
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/tihkal/ shulgin_rating_scale.shtml 10. Shulgin, PIHKAL, pp. 876–877 11. Ibid., p. 733; see also www.erowid.org/library/books_online/ PIHKAL109.shtml 12. www.maps.org/media
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its contribution to harm reduction is inestimable. It is also a valuable first reference point for parents, teachers and poison control toxicologists. Just as TIHKAL and PIHKAL became required reading for many in the counterculture in the 1990s, Erowid became a resource for any early web user interested in drugs. In 1996
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, with the Shulgins’ permission, the second half of PIHKAL was published online by Lamont Granquist, an early net advocate, who had created the Hyperreal Drug Archives, an early collection of files and information about
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psychoactive drugs. In 1999, Erowid moved on to the Hyperreal server and incorporated the archives there into Erowid, including PIHKAL and TIHKAL. While this was no real surprise to any informed observer, it still felt like a revolutionary act in an information war, which, in some
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/faq _clandestine_chemistry.shtml 12. www.erowid.org/library/periodicals/ journals/journals_telr.shtml The Rise and Fall of the Research Chemical Scene Soon after PIHKAL appeared on Erowid, in around 1999, the ring-substituted phenethylamine and tryptamine analogues that Shulgin had made and tested on himself and his friends started
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-depressants. Nichols is both an experimental medicinal chemist and a friend of Shulgin’s and is, in many ways, Shulgin’s heir. The foreword to PIHKAL, which Nichols wrote, ends with the line: ‘Some day in the future, when it may again be acceptable to use chemical tools to explore the
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specifically and generally under the Act. Other phenethylamines are found in Class B (amphetamine and methylamphetamine) and Class C (benzphetamine). The book by Alex Shulgin PIHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) contains 170 ring-substituted compounds and these are covered under the Act as Class A drugs. Around 34 compounds
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government on drug-related issues, would draw on this discussion by the LTG, and its advice to government was to blanket-ban the rest of PIHKAL and TIHKAL. In the event, thirty-six individually named drugs were added to the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, and the rest of Shulgin’s published
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, or all three of the requirements? The matter hinges on that clumsy, and innocuous ‘or’ at the end of the second clause, said Shulgin in PIHKAL, who added that the American law is written so unclearly as to appear to be a deliberate act of obfuscation, enabling legislators to jail people
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in the world. After years of synthesis discussion on Usenet and at the Hive, by 2000, as web use grew and after the publication of PIHKAL online, the research chemical business was starting to take off. You could buy many of Shulgin’s psychedelics and have them delivered anywhere in the
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world in just a few days. The lid was lifted on the psychedelic treasure chest of PIHKAL and TIHKAL and hallucinogens and empathogens such as 2C-I, 2C-E, 2C-T-7, 5-MeO-DMT, 2C-D, 2C-T-2, and AMT became
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2C-T-7, a drug Shulgin noted for its colourful hallucinations, and which his research group responded to almost universally positively. One of them wrote: PIHKAL #43 2C-T-7 (with 20 mg) I lay down with music, and become engrossed with being as still as possible. I feel that if
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is impossible to say how this famously erotic compound works. But reams of online reports attest to its potency in the bedroom. Shulgin reported in TIHKAL: ‘(with 7 mg, orally) In one hour I was in a marvelous, sexy place. Everything was shaded with eroticism. Sex was explosive.’14 Operation Web
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and connection speeds getting faster every year, they would soon be running a slow second place to the frontrunners in the field. Notes 1. Shulgin, PIHKAL, p. x 2. Xuemei Huang, Danuta Marona-Lewicka and David E. Nichols, ‘p-Methylthioamphetamine is a Potent New Non-Neurotoxic Serotonin-Releasing Agent’, European Journal
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/countries/uk/ uk_misuse_phen_2.shtml 6. www.erowid.org/psychoactives/law/cases/federal/ federal_analog1.shtml 7. www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/ pihkal043.shtml 8. www.vice.com/read/criminal-chlorination-0000350-v19n9 9. http://everything2.com/title/JLF+Poisonous+Non-Consumables 10. www.erowid.org/chemicals
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/dea/pubs/pressrel/ pr072204.html 13. www.erowid.org/psychoactives/research_chems /research_chems_info1.shtml#dea_announcement 14. www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/ tihkal37.shtml 15. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/4111625.stm * Not his real name. The Calm Before the Storm, and a Curious Drought
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a stampede, but the scene continued happily enough. Users like Benny, a pseudonymous ‘thirty-something office worker’ were by late 2004 discovering the joys of PIHKAL for themselves. Benny, who prefers not to reveal his nationality, was finishing university and was winding down his commitments at NGOs, where he volunteered and
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jolt. It is active at around 10 mg, and one of Shulgin’s group of human experimenters recorded a positive experience of the drug in PIHKAL entry #33: (with 16 mg) The 16 was a bit much, I realized, because my body was not sure of what to do with all
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easy as ordering books from Amazon.’ In common with many other psychonauts, Benny soon perfected his skills at unearthing sources for the drugs found in PIHKAL and TIHKAL, using Google to search the new large chemical directories that came online at this point. If you simply type in a number identifying the
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the drug he had made, and reported back to a fascinated audience of fellow renegade chemists. But this drug was nowhere to be found in PIHKAL or TIHKAL – it was almost entirely unheard of, and certainly never seen before on the mainstream drugs markets. Kinetic had used his knowledge as a chemist
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it was unknown both in the street and the internet, there were just a few users spread here and there who knew about the books PIHKAL and TIHKAL,’ he told me. ‘[The scene] was mainly around a few discussion boards where the admins ran their own shops in a private way. After
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work without qualms and openly. While Chinese chemists innovated, accessing vast databases of scientific literature and anecdotal evidence reported online, as well as books like TIHKAL and PIHKAL, governments Europe-wide chipped doggedly away at the newly exposed narcotic rockface with their blunt, broken and rusty tool of prohibition. Ireland closed hundreds
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legal analogue of ADHD medicine Ritalin, was next. And the vaults of Shulgin were plumbed once more as vendors found one or two oddities from PIHKAL and TIHKAL that had not yet been banned. Dissociatives, drugs in the family of ketamine and PCP, or angel dust, came online soon after, and the
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letters. Inside were research chemicals such as 2C-P, 2C-E, 2C-I (Shulgin’s psychedelic phenethylamines from PIHKAL), and 4-AcO-DMT (a drug identical in many ways to magic mushrooms, from TIHKAL), and dozens of others. His store was so well stocked and well managed that it became known as
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straight three-carbon bridge – rather than an oxygen-carbon-oxygen array, you could have three carbons. By replacing the methylenedioxy group on some of the PIHKAL entries with a trimethylene they would be taken outside the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act, and they would be active,’ he says. Karl’s story
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Floyd: Dark Globe (Plexus Publishing Ltd, 2010), p. 298 5. Dennis Romero, ‘Sasha Shulgin, Psychedelic Chemist’, Los Angeles Times, 5 September 1995 6. Alexander Shulgin, PIHKAL: A Chemical Love Story (Transform Press, 1991), p. 860 7. Ibid., p. xvi 8. Ibid., p. xviii 9. www.erowid.org/library/books_online
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/tihkal/ shulgin_rating_scale.shtml 10. Shulgin, PIHKAL, pp. 876–877 11. Ibid., p. 733; see also www.erowid.org/library/books_online/ PIHKAL109.shtml 12. www.maps.org/media
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/memoirs.html 11. www.erowid.org/psychoactives/faqs/faq _clandestine_chemistry.shtml 12. www.erowid.org/library/periodicals/ journals/journals_telr.shtml Notes 1. Shulgin, PIHKAL, p. x 2. Xuemei Huang, Danuta Marona-Lewicka and David E. Nichols, ‘p-Methylthioamphetamine is a Potent New Non-Neurotoxic Serotonin-Releasing Agent’, European Journal
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/countries/uk/ uk_misuse_phen_2.shtml 6. www.erowid.org/psychoactives/law/cases/federal/ federal_analog1.shtml 7. www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/ pihkal043.shtml 8. www.vice.com/read/criminal-chlorination-0000350-v19n9 9. http://everything2.com/title/JLF+Poisonous+Non-Consumables 10. www.erowid.org/chemicals
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/dea/pubs/pressrel/ pr072204.html 13. www.erowid.org/psychoactives/research_chems /research_chems_info1.shtml#dea_announcement 14. www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/ tihkal37.shtml 15. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/4111625.stm Notes 1. www.erowid.org/library/books_online/PIHKAL033 .shtml 2. http://oreilly
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to our brain and body’s neurotransmitters. Types of Drugs Phenethylamines: Psychedelic and stimulant drugs, many of which were invented by Shulgin and published in PIHKAL. Most are somewhat similar in effect to mescaline, the natural psychedelic found in cacti. Most often in the context of designer drug use, these are
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unstinting generosity, Professor David E. Nichols for your generous interviews, and the Shulgin family for supporting the project and your permission to quote extensively from PIHKAL. To Fiona Measham, Adam Winstock, Duncan Dick of MixMag, Danny Kushlick of Transform and Alex Stevens for generous interviews and commentary. To Andrew Davies and
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, 1 Shepton Mallet, 1, 2 Shulgin, Alexander creation of MDMA, 1, 2, 3, 4 creation of methylone, 1 and drug legislation, 1 internet presence, 1 PIHKAL and TIHKAL, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and sex, 1, 2 The Shulgin Index, 1 Shulgin, Ann, 1
Stealing Fire: How Silicon Valley, the Navy SEALs, and Maverick Scientists Are Revolutionizing the Way We Live and Work
by Steven Kotler and Jamie Wheal · 21 Feb 2017 · 407pp · 90,238 words
, which won him several law enforcement awards. But it was a pair of different books that came to define Shulgin’s legacy. The first was PiHKAL, short for “Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved,” a reference to the class of psychedelics containing mescaline and 2C-B. Cowritten with his wife and
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published in 1991, PiHKAL was divided into two parts. Part One contained a fictionalized autobiography of the couple. Part Two was a detailed description of 179 psychedelics and included
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-by-step instructions for synthesis, bioassays, dosages, duration, legal status, and commentary—that is, everything a would-be psychonaut needed for takeoff. The second book, TiHKAL, came out in 1998, with the acronym standing for “Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved,” and referring to drugs like LSD, DMT, and ibogaine. In
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get to a really bad place. . . .” Not that their cautions prevented the inevitable banging about, or avoided the predictable consequences. Two years after they published PIHKAL, Richard Meyers, a spokesperson for the DEA’s19 San Francisco office, told reporters: “It is our opinion that those books are pretty much cookbooks on
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decision to share his research came from a real fear that he would die with this enormous body of knowledge trapped inside him. Even before PiHKAL, Sasha had that open-source impulse. He gave away information to anyone who asked—it didn’t matter if they were DEA agents or underground
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. As a result, they no longer have to treat one person’s epiphany as written-in-stone Truth. Not long after the publication of PiHKAL and TiHKAL, online message boards and forums began popping up to provide clandestine recipes for kitchen chemists and detailed maps for explorers of inner space. Referring to
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Hopkins: Ibid. 17. The Shulgin Rating Scale: See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shulgin_Rating_Scale. 18. At 22 milligrams: Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin, PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story (Berkeley, CA: Transform Press, 1991), p. 560. 19. Richard Meyers, a spokesperson for the DEA: Bennett, ”Dr. Ecstasy.” 20. Everybody knows
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to, 128–29 power of, 153 and Shulgin research, 119–23 and synthetic drugs, 132–34 and visions, 126–32 phenethylamines, 122 philanthropy, 171, 174 PiHKAL (Shulgin), 122, 123, 128 Pike, Zebulon, 203–4, 205 Pine, Joe, 195 pipers, Hamelin, 65–66, 67, 69 Planned Parenthood, 82–83 Plato, 2, 11
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See also cognition; precognition Thompson, Hunter S., 189, 209 3D experiences and Jones art, 145 and Siegel-Page technology, 152 3D printing, 132, 133, 222 TiHKAL (Shulgin), 122, 128 Tillotson, John, 73 time and altered states to altered traits, 91–93 and brain, 40 and flow, 4–5 importance of, 39
This Is Your Country on Drugs: The Secret History of Getting High in America
by Ryan Grim · 7 Jul 2009 · 334pp · 93,162 words
first collected his research in 1991 in the book Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved: A Chemical Love Story, coauthored with Ann and known as PiHKAL. Shortly thereafter, his cooperative relationship with the DEA—he had a license to work with Schedule I drugs and in exchange gave expert testimony for
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irregularities, and revoked his license. Shulgin was undeterred, and in 1997, he and Ann self-published Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved: The Continuation, or TiHKAL. The two books combined are nearly two thousand pages long and include detailed recipes for the production of hundreds of drugs
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. PiHKAL has sold more than fifty thousand copies and TiHKAL is in its second printing, with well over twenty thousand copies in circulation, says Shulgin. They’ve both been translated into Spanish
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and Russian, and both are available in online versions through Erowid. PiHKAL and TiHKAL don’t stop at recipes. They also suggest some of the nearly limitless variations that could be made to each compound to slightly alter the
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Drug-Free America and Pure Food and Drug Act teenage drug use and prescription drugs Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association “pharmies,” Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved (PiHKAL) (Shulgin, Shulgin) phenyl-2-propanone (P2P) Philip Morris Phil Lesh & Friends Phish Pickard, William Leonard Pincus, Walter Plan Dignidad Plan Mexico Plato, Fernando Playpower (Neville
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Hernández Torgoff, Martin tranquilizers treatment programs, for drug use tripping. See also LSD (acid) “Trouble in Paradise” (Time) tryptamine Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved (TiHKAL) (Shulgin, Shulgin) 2C-T-7 Tyler, Helen E. Unidad Móvil de Patrullaje Rural (Mobile Rural Patrol Unit, UMOPAR) Uniform Crime Report (1980) (FBI) United Nations
Tools of Titans: The Tactics, Routines, and Habits of Billionaires, Icons, and World-Class Performers
by Timothy Ferriss · 6 Dec 2016 · 669pp · 210,153 words
are literally hundreds that he played with and looked at.” Sasha wrote two books about his creations and experiments: Pihkal: A Chemical Love Story (Pihkal = Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) Tihkal: The Continuation (Tihkal = Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) The two volumes are filled with instructions for how to synthesize these various
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) Engle, Dan: Mating in Captivity: Unlocking Erotic Intelligence (Esther Perel), The Cosmic Serpent (Jeremy Narby), Autobiography of a Yogi (Paramahansa Yogananda) Fadiman, James: Pihkal: A Chemical Love Story; Tihkal: The Continuation (Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin) Favreau, Jon: The Writer’s Journey (Christopher Vogler and Michele Montez), It Would Be So Nice
Health and Safety: A Breakdown
by Emily Witt · 16 Sep 2024 · 242pp · 85,783 words
New Age imprints. I read the canon: Be Here Now, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, The Doors of Perception, The Varieties of Religious Experience, PiHKAL. I read self-published books and esoteric novels, like William Craddock’s forgotten LSD bildungsroman Be Not Content and Krystle Cole’s Lysergic, an account
How to Be Idle
by Tom Hodgkinson · 1 Jan 2004 · 354pp · 93,882 words
: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure (New York: Basic Books, 1 99 1 ) . Self, Will, ' In Conversation with . . . ' , Idler 2 (1993) . Shulgin, Alexander, and Ann Shulgin, PIHKAL: A Chemical Love Story (Berkeley, Calif. : Transform Press, 1 99 1 ) . Smith, Arthur, ' Questionnaire ' , Idler 3 2 (2003) . Strathern, Paul, Mendeleyev 's Dream: The Quest
The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom
by Jonathan Haidt · 26 Dec 2005 · 405pp · 130,840 words
e , B. ( 1 9 9 6 ) . Culture in mind: Cognition, culture, and the problem of meaning. Ne w York: Oxford University Press. Shulgin, A. (1991). PIHKAL: A chemical love story. Berkeley: Transform Press. Shweder. R. A., Much, N. C., Mahapatra, M., 8c Park, L. (1997). T h e "big three" of