by Jacob Siegel · 24 Mar 2026 · 348pp · 103,246 words
the ENIAC and got the idea for his own computer design. After the war, von Neumann was hired by Project RAND (now known as the RAND Corporation), the quasi-private think tank of the US government. Short for research and development, RAND was spun off from the War Department and the Office
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amendment: “There shall be open borders.” The paper repeated that pledge at regular intervals over the years, including in editorials in 1990 and 2000. A RAND Corporation report from 1996, titled “Strategic Information Warfare,” announced as a foregone conclusion “the blurring of clear geographical, bureaucratic, jurisdictional, and even conceptual boundaries”—mentioning in
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.com/articles/SB962587622846857507. “the blurring of clear geographical” Roger C. Molander, Andrew Riddile, and Peter A. Wilson, Strategic Information Warfare: A New Face of War (RAND Corporation, 1996), https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR661.html. “Governments of the Industrial World” John Perry Barlow, “A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace
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Technique in the World War (Lasswell) Protestantism psychological warfare Public Opinion (Lippmann) public-private partnerships Putin, Vladimir QAnon quantum physics racism radio technology Rambo (film) RAND Corporation. See also Project RAND Reagan, Ronald Real Time Regional Gateway Reed, Adolph Reid, Harry Reinventing Government (Gore) Revolt of the Elites, The (Lasch) Revolt of
by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler · 13 Apr 2026 · 225pp · 76,418 words
and early programming languages. Shannon, the Bell Labs genius, had already fathered information theory. They were joined by Allen Newell and Herbert Simon, from the RAND Corporation, who were then developing the Logic Theorist, a program inspired by game theory that used symbolic reasoning to prove mathematical theorems. The puzzle of AI
by Herman Kahn · 16 Jul 2007 · 1,117pp · 270,127 words
moral issues, this is not a book about the moral aspects of military problems. Most of the research for this book was done at The RAND Corporation. It was written largely while the author was a Visiting Research Associate at the Center of International Studies. We were glad to support this venture
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or innate conservatism, any book that treats deterrence objectively may encourage the Soviets toward experiment. * Herman Kahn and Irwin Mann, Techniques of Systems Analysis, The Rand Corporation, Research Memorandum RM-1829-1, June 1957; and Ten Common Pitfalls, Research Memorandum RM-1937, July 17, 1957. On the other hand, it is important
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Princeton, New Jersey June 10, 1960 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Concepts on which these three lectures are based originated in work done under the auspices of The RAND Corporation and continued at The Center of International Studies at Princeton University while I was on leave of absence from RAND. While many of the things
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that I discuss grew out of studies done by The RAND Corporation, the presentation and synthesis are my own. I accept full responsibility for them. However, I owe a tremendous debt to many friends and colleagues—so
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. S. Rowen on survival of strategic forces. Much of Lecture I, parts of Lecture II, and the Appendix derive from joint effort devoted to a RAND Corporation civil defense study which I led. This study is reported in RAND Report R-322-RC, A Report on a Study of Non-Military Defense
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findings of this study, I would like to repeat here some remarks that prefaced the report on that study: The study . . . [was] supported by The RAND Corporation as part of its program of RAND-sponsored research. In addition to its work for the United States Air Force and other government agencies, the
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Wars I and II in Lecture III. My thanks go also to Robert N. Grosse and his colleagues in the cost analysis section of The RAND Corporation for supplying almost all the statistical data used in the various figures. Lastly, I would like to express my appreciation to Gordon Hubel of Princeton
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many ways, that it is difficult to imagine that there would be anything left after their large-scale use. One of my tasks with The RAND Corporation was to serve as project leader for a study of the possibilities for alleviating the consequences of a thermonuclear war. That study was made as
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. 5. Maintenance of economic momentum. 6. Long-term recuperation. 7. Postwar medical problems. 8. Genetic problems. 8Report on a Study of Non-Military Defense, The RAND Corporation, Report R-322-RC, July 1, 1958. I repeat: To survive a war it is necessary to negotiate all eight stages. If there is a
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had 13 After observing, in passing, that the case for more civil defense was "perhaps best put eighteen months ago in a study by The RAND Corporation," the London Times of January 4, 1960 editorialized, "No amount of money or concrete could guarantee to prevent the deaths of some millions of city
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OBJECTIVES AND PLANS CHAPTER IV CONFLICTING OBJECTIVES An Essential of Good Planning About six or seven years ago there was a "technological breakthrough" at The RAND Corporation in the art of doing Systems Analysis and Military Studies. This technological breakthrough was of so simple and common-sense a nature that some readers
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that the weapons systems that the U.S. was buying were not Doomsday Machines. In fact, about the only unofficial but documented statement was the RAND Corporation Report of July 1958.9 On the other hand, there were many semiofficial and unofficial statements or assertions that the U.S. had already built
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-36E. 1I am indebted to Albert Wohlstetter for suggesting this example. He discusses it in detail in his paper, Systems Analysis versus Systems Design, The RAND Corporation, Paper P-1513, October 29, 1958. In spite of the emphasis by Air Force planners on short wars, it was not until 1948 that we
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another: 1. greater opportunities for blackmail and mischief-making; 2. greater accident proneness; 9 See Fred C. Ikle, Nth Countries and Disarmament, P-1956, The RAND Corporation, April 1960, for more discussion of this important problem 3. an increased capability for "local" Munichs, Pearl Harbors, and blitzkriegs; 4. pressures to pre-empt
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Policy Research; H. Field Haviland and Charles A. H. Thomson, then of the Brookings Institution and now of The RAND Corporation; Evron Kirkpatrick, American Political Science Association; Jeffrey C. Kitchen and George Tanham, The RAND Corporation; Joseph Slater, the Ford Foundation; Ernest W. Lefever, Foreign Policy Consultant to Senator Humphrey; Colgate Prentice, Office of
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with the Operations Research Office (Johns Hopkins), Stanford Research Institute, and others. The Air Force contracts are with The RAND Corporation, Anser, Institute of Air Weapons Research, Mitre Corporation, and others. The RAND Corporation, with which I have been for some years, is the largest and possibly the most prestigious of these organizations. It
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-thirds of whom have technical backgrounds. Its Air Force budget runs to some $13,000,000 annually. In spite of its size and expense the RAND Corporation has no formal staff responsibilities. Only a small percentage of the studies undertaken at the organization are created "to order" and must meet deadlines imposed
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and development. * Most of the material contained in this chapter was presented in a talk I gave to a protective construction conference held at The RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California. The audience was composed of technical personnel, mostly from civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering fields, and of staff representatives of several
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its lead time reduced (perhaps by three to five years over conventional methods of proceeding). * Most of the material in this section derives from The RAND Corporation Research Memorandum RM-2206-RC, "Some Specific Suggestions for Obtaining Early Nonmilitary Defense Capabilities and Initiating Long-range Programs," by Herman Kahn, et al. That
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way, and many of the problems associated with preserving a civilization and a standard of living have not been looked at even superficially. While The RAND Corporation study I directed tried to look at these over-all problems and concentrated on the question, How does the country look five or ten years
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description of the $500,000,000 program will make clearer what I have in mind. Somewhat more detail can be found in the previously mentioned RAND Corporation Report, RM 2206-RC, on deposit in major libraries. 2Something like this program is now being done by OCDM, but on about Via to 34
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done is to set limits between which most reasonable people agree the probabilities lie. 3 Herman Kahn and Irwin Mann, Techniques of Systems Analysis, The RAND Corporation, Research Memorandum RM-1829-1, June 1957. The fact that people have different objectives has almost the same conceptual effect on the design of a
by Justin Fox · 29 May 2009 · 461pp · 128,421 words
, 293–95. See also behavioral finance Purchasing Agents Association, 24 Putnam Investors, 112 Quantitative Finance, 305 Quarterly Journal of Economics, 63 Rand, Ayn, 91, 258 RAND Corporation, 55, 59, 86 A Random Walk Down Wall Street (Malkiel), 129–30 random walk hypothesis and the business cycle, 26–28 and computing, 99–101
by Satyajit Das · 14 Oct 2011 · 741pp · 179,454 words
trillion, requiring Douglas Darst, Seymour’s son, to arrange for a new clock with extra capacity. In the 1950s, Herman Kahn, a strategist at the RAND Corporation, and Ian Harold Brown, a risk analyst, proposed a doomsday machine. It consisted of a computer linked to a stockpile of hydrogen bombs, programmed to
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, Byron, 134 Rain Man, 153, 166 rainbows, 211 Raines, Sylvain, 309 Rains, Claude, 77 Rajaratnam, Raj, 244 Ralphie’s Funds, 191, 204 Ramones, The, 79 RAND Corporation, 35 Rand, Ayn, 294, 296 random walks, 118 rands, 21 Range Rover, 346 Ranieri, Lewis, 170 Rapid American, 143 Rappaport, Alfred, 124 Raskob, John, 97
by Lawrence Freedman · 31 Oct 2013 · 1,073pp · 314,528 words
to the production of the first atomic bomb. The center for the postwar application of such methods to practical, and particularly military, problems was the RAND Corporation, which became the prototypical “think tank.” The organization was set up under an air force grant to develop operational research. It soon became an independent
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“father of modern strategic thinking.”30 Ansoff had grown up in Russia, moved to the United States, studied engineering, and—after a spell at the RAND Corporation—gained practical management experience with the defense manufacturer Lockheed. He worked on identifying companies to buy for purposes of diversification before moving in the early
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adopt it as the foundation of a new science of decision-making and the active promotion of this new science by bodies such as the RAND Corporation and the Ford Foundation, both of which encouraged its embrace by business schools. As with Plato’s philosophy, a new discipline that offered eternal truths
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in part by disparaging and caricaturing what had gone before for its lack of rigor. The best place to start this story is with the RAND Corporation, which we identified in the last section as the home of game theory and the belief that a formal science of decision could be developed
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social sciences. We have already seen how apparently detached intellectual activity was the product of wider social forces, whether the effort put in by the RAND Corporation to develop new sciences of decision-making, the foundation grants that encouraged business schools to adopt these—and which the more sociologically inclined organizational theorists
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—often unsolicited (so that some universities were unsure what was expected of them)—to the tune of some $24 million between 1951 and 1957. The RAND Corporation’s influence was evident, with Gaither in charge of the Foundation and Hans Speier, the head of RAND’s social science division, advising. The aim
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solution and, 151–153, 155, 165, 582 nuclear weapons and, 155 origins of, 151–153 prisoner’s dilemma and, 154–155, 585–586, 590, 596 RAND Corporation and, 161–162, 513 Schelling and, 160–162, 166–167, 515, 529, 585 Games and Decisions (Luce and Raiffa), 161–162 Gamson, William, 582 Gandhi
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Pullman strike, 313–315 Quakerism, 346 quantitative analysis. See also game theory limitations of, 150, 203 McNamara and, 149–150, 199, 202, 501–502, 546 RAND Corporation and, 147–148, 152–153, 513–514 Quayle, Dan, 452–453, 690n51 Quiet American, The (Greene), 187 “Quiz Kids.” See “Whiz Kids” radical Islamists, 222
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, 235–236. See also al-Qaeda Raff, Daniel, 616 Raiffa, Howard, 161–162, 514 Ramsey, Douglas, 506 RAND Corporation game theory and, 161–162, 513 nuclear strategy and, 161–162, 168 quantitative emphasis of, 147–148, 150, 152–153, 513–514 rational choice theory
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, 580 experiments challenging, 594–597 heuristics and, 593 limits of, 575–576, 589–591, 594–597, 599–600, 605–606 political science and, 580–581 RAND Corporation and, 575–577 Rochester School and, 576–581 social contexts and, 594–597, 599–600 ultimatum game and, 594–596 Ratzel, Friedrich, 122 Reagan, Ronald
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, 515, 529, 585 Nobel Prize in Economics, 160 nonviolent direct action and, 412 on nuclear weapons, 164–165, 167–173 progressive risk and, 164–165 RAND Corporation and, 162 strategic theories of, 162–173, 190, 198, 515 Vietnam and, 191 Schlieffen Plan, 113, 198, 210 “Scholarship and Social Agitation” (Small), 315 Schwarzkopf
by Jill Lepore · 14 Sep 2020 · 467pp · 149,632 words
, if a body of knowledge couldn’t be used to make predictions, what use was it? Before working for Ford, Gaither had helped found the RAND Corporation, in Santa Monica. RAND—short for “Research and Development”—had begun as an arm of the U.S. Air Force, part of the Douglas Aircraft
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“McNamara revolution,” he argued, had “remade American defense policy in accordance with a series of ideas that germinated in the late 1950’s in the RAND corporation.” Given a choice “between policy based on moralisms and policy based on social science,” he was glad to report that the secretary of defense had
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What End, 8, 11. Details on RAND come from Mai Elliott, RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2010). Oliver Belcher, “Data Anxieties: Objectivity and Difference in Early Vietnam War Computing,” in Algorithmic Life: Calculative Devices in the Age of Big Data, ed
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Wartime Communications, 53–54 — Greenfield and, 13, 31, 33–34, 61 — on Morgan’s article in Harper’s, 126 — Pool and, 52, 53–55, 343nn — RAND Corporation and, 50 — Simulmatics Corporation founder, 32, 142 — at Stanford, 54–55 — Stevenson and 1960 election, 103 Lazarsfeld, Paul — Bureau of Applied Social Research at Columbia
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, 34, 81–82, 84, 87 — Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, 34, 37, 44 — McPhee and, 81–82, 83–84, 87, 348n — RAND Corporation and, 50 — Stevenson and 1960 election, 103 Le, Kim, 238–39, 303 Lederer, William, 157–58, 182, 247–48, 361n Lehrer, Tom, 171 Leibovitz, Annie
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, 298, 299, 315 — Project Camelot, 209, 210–11 — Project ComCom, 169–72, 173, 239, 262, 284, 295 — Project Renaissance proposal and, 244 — Project TROY, 58 — RAND Corporation employment offer, 50, 54 — reaction to Harper’s story, 147 — resigns as chair of MIT’s Political Science Department, 291 — reviews of The 480 clipped
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, 237, 242, 248, 372–73n Radio Act of 1927, 316 Ramond, Charles, 153, 228–29, 231, 359n, 360n Ramond, Mary, 228–29 Rand, Ayn, 127 RAND Corporation — dynamic modeling, 214, 216 — founding of, 36 — funding by Defense Department, 36, 50 — interviews and opinion surveys in Vietnam, 218, 245 — JOHNNIAC, 89–90 — M
by Annie Jacobsen · 14 Sep 2015 · 558pp · 164,627 words
technological frontiers. CHAPTER TWO War Games and Computing Machines On the west coast of California, in the sunny Santa Monica sunshine, the defense scientists at RAND Corporation played war games during lunchtime. RAND, an acronym for “research and development,” was the Pentagon’s first postwar think tank, the brains behind U.S
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explode in order to achieve the maximum kill rate of civilians on the ground. He determined the height to be 1,800 feet. At the RAND Corporation, von Neumann served as a part-time consultant. He was hired by John Davis Williams, the eccentric director of RAND’s Mathematics Division, on unusual
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nuclear arms race were profound, suggesting that it would forever be a game of one-upmanship. In addition to game theory and nuclear strategy, the RAND Corporation was interested in computer research, a rare and expensive field of study in the 1950s. The world’s leading expert in computers was John von
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Security advisors to put together a team that could answer one question: how to protect the American people in an all-out nuclear war. A RAND Corporation co-founder, the venture capitalist H. Rowan Gaither, was chosen to chair the new presidential research committee. Making up the body of the panel were
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’s game, he seemed to be saying. Intellect won wars. The most powerful men in Secretary McNamara’s Pentagon were defense intellectuals, including many former RAND Corporation employees. As a group, they would become known as McNamara’s whiz kids. “Viet-nam” had to be dealt with, the president’s advisors agreed
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a “secret weapon,” and had the potential of serving as a magic bullet against communist insurgents in Vietnam. CHAPTER EIGHT RAND and COIN At the RAND Corporation in sunny Santa Monica, California, by 1961 war game playing had expanded considerably since the days of John von Neumann and the lunchtime matches of
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with the Vietnam Task Force, the Special Group, and the CIA. The following month Harold Brown sent a classified letter to Frank Collbohm asking the RAND Corporation to come on board and work on Project Agile in Vietnam. RAND was needed to work on “persuasion and motivation” techniques, programs designed to win
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see democracy as a form of government superior to communism. It was an enticing proposal for RAND. Social science research was far afield from the RAND Corporation’s brand of nuclear war analysis and strategy, and of game theory. But defense contractors need to stay relevant in order to survive, and Frank
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Gulf of Siam, the water was robin’s egg blue. It was the winter of 1964, and Hickey was back in Vietnam, working for the RAND Corporation on another ARPA contract, this time studying how U.S. military advisors got along with their Vietnamese counterparts. The war that did not officially exist
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for ARPA, on subjects including the role of the AR-15 in battle and the effects of Agent Orange on the Vietnamese. Back in America, RAND Corporation president Frank Collbohm had set his focus on securing a lucrative new contract with the Advanced Research Projects Agency. Collbohm and analyst Guy Pauker flew
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on who these Vietcong insurgents really were. ARPA needed quality information on the enemy combatant, said Deitchman, and for this, to help facilitate the new RAND Corporation study, the secretary of defense made a deal with the CIA. Joseph Zasloff was the lead social scientist on the original Viet Cong Motivation and
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bomb shelters purported to have been built across Moscow were nothing more sinister than subway tunnels. He singled out “Leon Gouré, research specialist of the Rand Corporation,” who, Salisbury wrote, “has presented several studies contending that the Russians have a wide program for sheltering population and industry from atomic attack.” Salisbury had
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under scrutiny by Congress. During a hearing before the Subcommittee on International Organizations and Movements, Congressman Peter H. B. Frelinghuysen demanded to know why the RAND Corporation had been hired to do so much work on the Vietcong when it seemed that what they were gathering was “straight military intelligence.” That work
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“should be done by the military,” Frelinghuysen said, not “highly-paid consultants like Rand.” “As a matter of convenience, [we] gave the contract to the Rand Corporation, as an instrument of the military systems, to perform the study,” ARPA’s Seymour Deitchman said. ARPA did not want to send its own people
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was appalled by what he saw as Gouré’s manipulation of prisoner of war interviews. “[We have] received reports of recent surveys conducted by the RAND Corporation and others concerning the attitudes of the Viet Cong defectors and prisoners,” Fulbright wrote to Secretary McNamara. It appeared to him that “those in charge
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embezzlement scheme was determined to have been $16,922, roughly $135,000 in 2015. CHAPTER ELEVEN The Jasons Enter Vietnam During the Vietnam War, the RAND Corporation handled soft science programs for the Advanced Research Projects Agency. For hard science programs, in fields characterized by the use of quantifiable data and methodological
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Papers appeared on the front page of the New York Times. The classified documents had been leaked to the newspaper by former Pentagon employee and RAND Corporation analyst Daniel Ellsberg. The papers unveiled a secret history of the war in Vietnam—three thousand narrative pages of war secrets accompanied by four thousand
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of classified memos and supporting documents, organized into forty-seven volumes. Back in 1967, when he was secretary of defense, Robert McNamara had commissioned the RAND Corporation to write a classified “encyclopedic history of the Vietnamese War,” neglecting to tell the president he was undertaking such a project. The Pentagon Papers covered
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drones, called micro air vehicles (MAVs), for at least fourteen years. The first DARPA micro air vehicles feasibility study was conducted in 1993, by the RAND Corporation. “Insect-size flying and crawling systems could help give the United States a significant military advantage in the coming years,” the RAND authors wrote. Shortly
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also served on President Obama’s Intelligence Advisory Board from 2009 to 2013, is a director of General Dynamics, chairman of the board of the RAND Corporation, chairman of the board of HRL (the former Hughes Research Labs), chairman of the board of Exostar, chairman and CEO of Technovation, Inc., trustee and
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worked on ARPA programs, in Saigon, during the war. 4 Tanham’s 1961 report: Elliott, 17–18; George K. Tanham, “Trip Report: Vietnam, January 1963,” RAND Corporation, March 22, 1963. 5 Rand was needed: Deitchman, Best-Laid Schemes, 25. 6 generally looked down: Interview with Murph Goldberger, June 2013. 7 “weapons systems
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philosophy”: George H. Clement, “Weapons Systems Philosophy,” RAND Corporation, 1956. 8 first two RAND analysts: J. Donnell and G. Hickey, Memo RM-3208-ARPA, August 1962, ARPA Combat Development & Test Center, Vietnam, Monthly Report
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: Epidemiologist, former senior scientist in the Center for National Security and Arms Control at Sandia National Laboratories BIBLIOGRAPHY Books Abella, Alex. Soldiers of Reason: The RAND Corporation and the Rise of the American Empire. Orlando: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009. Alibek, Ken, with Stephen Handelman. Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest
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of the Digital Universe. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012. Elliott, Mai. RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2010. Ellsberg, Daniel. Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers. New York: Penguin, 2001. Ezell, Edward. The Great Rifle Controversy: Search for the
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, James, and Clay Blair Jr. The Hydrogen Bomb: The Men, the Menace, the Mechanism. New York: David McKay Company, 1954. Smith, Bruce L. R. The RAND Corporation: Case Study of a Non-Profit Advisory Corporation. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1966. Spector, Ronald H. Advice and Support: The Early Years, 1941–1960, United
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Agency, 1958–1974. Richard J. Barber Associates, Washington, DC, December 1975. ______. Combat Development & Test Center: Vietnam. May 1962. ______. “Counterinsurgency: A Symposium, April 16–20, 1962.” RAND Corporation, Washington, DC, 1962. ______. Counter-Insurgency Game Design Feasibility and Evaluation Study. SD-301. ABT Associates, Inc., Cambridge, MA, November 1965. ______. Guerilla Activity Defection Study. DEC
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Ad Hoc Committee, Washington, DC, September 2013. Betts, Russell, and Frank Denton. “An Evaluation of Chemical Crop Destruction in Vietnam.” RM-5446-1-ISA/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, October 1967. Block, Steven M. “Living Nightmares: Biological Threats Enabled by Molecular Biology.” McLean, VA, Summer 1997. [Chapter Two (pp. 39–76
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D-1661. Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, VA, March 1995. Davison, W. Phillips. User’s Guide to the Rand Interviews in Vietnam. R-1024-ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, March 1972. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Cybernetics Technology Division Program Completion Report. Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, April 1981. ______. DARPA
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Information Analysis Center, Kirtland AFB, NM, January 2013. Donnell, John C., and Gerald C. Hickey. The Vietnamese “Strategic Hamlets”: A Preliminary Report. RM-3208-ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, September 1962. Donnell, John C., Guy J. Pauker, and Joseph J. Zasloff. Viet Cong Motivation and Morale in 1964: A Preliminary Report
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. RM-4507/3-ISA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, March 1965. Doolittle, James H., William B. Franke, Morris Hadley, and William D. Pawley. “Report on the Covert Activities of the Central
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, Volume 3, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 1989. Gates, W. L. “Rand/ARPA Climate Dynamics Research: Executive Summary and Final Report.” R-2015-ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, January 1977. Gatlin, Colonel Jesse C. Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report, “IGLOO WHITE (Initial Phase), 31 July 1968.” HQ PACAF, Directorate, Tactical
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Evaluation, CHECO Division, 1968. Glenn, Russell W. Combat in Hell: A Consideration of Constrained Urban Warfare. MR-780-A/DARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 1996. Gorman, Paul F. Supertroop Via I-Port: Distributed Simulation Technology for Combat Development and Training Development. IDA Paper P-2374. Institute
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before the Senate Armed Services Committee. Washington, DC, May 21, 1992. Gouré, Leon. “Quarterly Report on Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Project, October–December 1966.” RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, January 1967. ______. “Some Findings of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study, January–June 1966: A Briefing to the Joint Chiefs of
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Staff.” RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, August 1, 1966. ______. Some Preliminary Observations on NVA Behavior During Infiltration. D-16339-PR. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, November 3, 1967. ______. “Southeast Asia Trip Report. Part 1. The Impact of Air
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Power in South Vietnam.” RM-4400/1-PR. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, December 1964. Gouré, Leon, Douglas Scott, and Anthony J. Russo. Some Findings of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study: June–December
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1965. RM-4911-2-ISA/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, February 1966. Gouré, Leon, and C. A. H. Thomson. Some Impressions of Viet Cong Vulnerabilities: An Interim Report. RM-4699-1-ISA
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/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, September 1965. Hansen, Chuck. The Swords of Armageddon, U.S. Nuclear Weapons Development Since 1945, Volumes 1–8. Chuckelea Publications, Sunnyvale, CA
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. Hickey, Gerald C. The Highland People of South Vietnam: Social and Economic Development. RM-5281/1-ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, September 1967. ______. The Major Ethnic Groups of the South Vietnamese Highlands. RM-4041-ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, April 1964. ______. “The Military Advisor and His Foreign Counterpart: The Case in Vietnam
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-75-03055. Lulejian and Associates, Falls Church, VA, February 7, 1975. Pauker, Guy. “Treatment of POWs, Defectors, and Suspects in South Vietnam.” D-13171-ISA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, December 8, 1964. Peterson, Val. Kefauver Committee Hearing: Administrator’s Statement of March 3. Federal Civil Defense Administration. Washington, DC, March 1955
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(GAMBIT) Study. DARPA Order no. N229. Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, NY, October 2003. Press, S. J. Estimating from Misclassified Data. RM-5360-ISA/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, July 1967. Reed, Sidney, Richard H. Van Atta, and Seymour Deitchman. DARPA Technical Accomplishments. Volume 1. An Historical Review of Selected DARPA
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.S. Department of Defense. International Security Affairs and Advanced Research Projects Agency. An Evaluation of Chemical Crop Destruction in Vietnam. RM-5446-1-ISA/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, October 1967. U.S. Department of Defense. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Historical Division. Chronology of Significant Events and Decisions Relating to the
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for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Washington, DC, March 2007. Weiner, Milton G. U.S. Air Force Project Rand Research Memorandum: War Gaming Methodology. RM-2413. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, July 1959. White, Robert. Anthropometric Survey of the Royal Thai Armed Forces. U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, MA, June 1964. Wohlstetter
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, Albert. “The Delicate Balance of Terror.” RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, November 1958. Wolf, W. L. Handbook of Military Infrared Technology. Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy, Washington, DC, 1965. Wolk
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, CA, March 1967. ______. Political Motivation of the Viet Cong: The Vietminh Regroupees. RM-4703/2-ISA/ARPA. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, August 1966. ______. The Role of North Vietnam in the Southern Insurgency. RM-4140-PR. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, July 1964. Statements to Congress Abizaid, General John P. Commander, U.S. Central
by Nathan L. Ensmenger · 31 Jul 2010 · 429pp · 114,726 words
trained people in the computer field.12 This shortage, variously described by an all-star cast of scientists and executives from General Motors, IBM, the RAND Corporation, Bell Telephone, Harvard University, MIT, the Census Bureau, and the Office of Naval Research, as “acute,” “unprecedented,” “multiplying dramatically,” and “astounding compared to the [available
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need to train and recruit programmers on a large scale? Here the case of the System Development Corporation (SDC) is particularly instructive. SDC was the RAND Corporation spin-off responsible for developing the software for the U.S. Air Force’s Semi-Automated Ground Environment (SAGE) air-defense system. SAGE was perhaps
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network of observation and response centers. IBM was hired to develop the computers themselves but considered programming them to be too difficult. In 1955 the RAND Corporation took over software development. It was estimated that the software for the SAGE system would require more than one million lines of code to be
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equal importance to “the pervasion of computers and computing into every other science field and discipline,” argued Paul Armer, the head of computing at the RAND Corporation (and another future ACM president). “We’ve always thought of mathematics as the queen of the sciences pervading every other field, but computing is going
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two hundred thousand employees. The software that connected the specially designed, real-time SAGE computers was the largest programming development then under way. SDC, a RAND Corporation spin-off company responsible for developing this software, had to train and hire almost two thousand programmers. In the space of a few short years
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, even the most seemingly technical debates cannot be isolated from this larger context of occupational identity and organizational power. As early as 1962, in a RAND Corporation Symposium on Programming Languages, Jack Little lamented the tendency of manufacturers to design languages “for use by some sub-human species in order to get
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Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab, 1966). 57. Robert N. Reinstedt et al., Computer Personnel Research Group Programmer Performance Prediction Study. Technical Report. (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1964). 58. Report, “The Computer Personnel Research Group,” Datamation 9, no. 1 (1963): 130; Markku Tukiainen and Eero Mönkkönen, “Programming Aptitude Testing as a Prediction
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N., and Beulah C. Hammidi, Sherwood H. Peres, and Evelyn L. Ricard. Computer Personnel Research Group Programmer Performance Prediction Study. Technical Report. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation Publications, 1964. Remington Rand Univac. Introduction to Programming: Programming for the Univac, Part 1. (1949) Hagley Museum Archives, Accession 1825, Box 372. Remington Rand Univac
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, 190, 203, 213, 241–242 RPG, 20, 96 Short-Order Code, 85–86 standardization, 92, 100 SURGE, 96 Psychometric tools. See Aptitude testing; Personality profiles RAND Corporation, 55, 59–60, 114 RAND Symposium, 83, 87, 105, 186, 190 RCA, 28, 41, 94, 99 Remington Rand UNIVAC, 39, 57, 86–87, 92, 94
by Walter Isaacson · 6 Oct 2014 · 720pp · 197,129 words
the war. But after Bush’s clarion call produced government encouragement and contracts, hybrid research centers began to proliferate. Among the most notable were the RAND Corporation, originally formed to provide research and development (hence the name) to the Air Force; Stanford Research Institute and its offshoot, the Augmentation Research Center; and
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computer company, where he tested components for UNIVAC. He moved to Los Angeles, took night classes at UCLA, and eventually got a job at the RAND Corporation. When the Russians tested a hydrogen bomb in 1955, Baran found his life mission: to help prevent a nuclear holocaust. One day at RAND he
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as pioneers of the concept: “In the early 1960’s, Paul Baran had described some of the properties of data networks in a series of RAND Corporation papers. . . . In 1968 Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratories in England was beginning to write about packet-switched networks.”73 Likewise, in a 1979
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, “The first published description of what we now call packet switching was an 11-volume analysis, On Distributed Communications, prepared by Paul Baran of the RAND Corporation in August 1964.” See Lawrence Roberts, “The Evolution of Packet Switching,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Nov. 1978. 76. Paul Baran oral history, “How the Web
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, ref2, ref3 queuing theory, ref1 QuickWeb, ref1 radar, ref1, ref2 radio, ref1 transistors for, ref1 Railway Express Agency, ref1 Ralls, John, ref1 Ram Dass, ref1 RAND Corporation, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 RankDex, ref1 Raskin, Jef, ref1 Raymond, Eric, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Raytheon, ref1, ref2 RCA, ref1, ref2
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