by François Bourguignon · 1 Aug 2012 · 221pp · 55,901 words
between the poor and the rich that is important, but the extent of poverty itself, which is to say the total number of persons whose standards of living fall below the threshold of $1.25 per person per day as defined earlier. According to the World Bank, the number of persons living on
by Ayn Rand · 15 Aug 1966 · 400pp · 129,841 words
children who would not have lived to be youths in the pre-capitalistic eras. The factory system led to a rise in the general standard of living, to rapidly falling urban death rates and decreasing infant mortality—and produced an unprecedented population explosion. In 1750, England’s population was six million; it was
by Antony Loewenstein · 1 Sep 2015 · 464pp · 121,983 words
to indicate that something was horribly wrong with modern politics. British prime minister David Cameron felt the need, in 2013, after years of austerity and falling living standards, to teach schoolchildren about the glories of capitalism—which seemed like a defensive impulse. It was vital, he said, to celebrate a culture “that values
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, 2014. 28Paul Krugman, “The Austerity Agenda,” New York Times, May 31, 2012. 29Nigel Morris, “The Poorest Pay the Price of Austerity: Workers Face Biggest Fall in Living Standards since Victorian Era,” Independent, December 9, 2013. 30Tom McTague, “David Cameron Calls for Capitalism Lessons in Schools to Celebrate Profits in the Classroom,” Mirror, November
by Matthew Yglesias · 6 Mar 2012 · 58pp · 18,747 words
working than the established ones. As a country’s population grows, its overall income should rise because more land is being cultivated. But its average living standards will fall, thanks to diminishing returns. One can partially rescue the situation through improvements. Irrigation can improve the fertility of the land. Better roads or harbors
by Diane Coyle · 23 Feb 2014 · 159pp · 45,073 words
the available resources, what would be required for mobilization and conflict, what would be left over for people to consume—and how much their living standards might need to fall. Planning for the war effort in particular needed much better statistics on how much was produced by individual industries, using what materials. Keynes
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of oil and got the mix of slow or negative real GDP growth and high inflation labeled “stagflation.” Nominal GDP continued to grow even though living standards were falling and unemployment was rising. So, to calculate real GDP statisticians have to collect data on prices and combine that into a general price index
by Anne Applebaum · 30 Oct 2012 · 934pp · 232,651 words
restless. In October 1954, a group of them, sent to cover life in the country’s factories, returned wanting to write about faked production statistics, falling living standards, and workers who had been blackmailed into buying “peace bonds.” In a published article, they declared that “though the life of the workers has changed
by Parag Khanna · 5 Feb 2019 · 496pp · 131,938 words
, 221–22 European capital in, 164–65 Europe’s relations with, 240 failed West Asian policies of, 140 failures of democracy in, 282–85, 294 falling standard of living in, 284–85 global civilization as influenced by, 21, 22–23 global governance and, 321 income inequality in, 228, 285 Iraq invaded by, 62
by Erik Brynjolfsson · 23 Jan 2012 · 72pp · 21,361 words
lot, can continue to see their incomes stagnate or shrink and their jobs vanish while overall growth continues. When significant numbers of people see their standards of living fall despite an ever-growing economic pie, it threatens the social contract of the economy and even the social fabric of society. One instinctual response
by Ha-Joon Chang · 26 Dec 2007 · 334pp · 98,950 words
income grew relatively slowly even in the 1960s and the 1970s (1–2% a year). But since the 1980s, the region has seen a fall in living standards. This record is a damning indictment of the neo-liberal orthodoxy, because most of the African economies have been practically run by the IMF and
by Peter Singer · 3 Mar 2009 · 190pp · 61,970 words
to look after them in their old age, and, in the case of rural families, to work the land. As countries industrialize and living standards rise, fertility rates fall. This happened in Europe and North America, and then also in those Asian nations that have achieved similar levels of affluence, including Japan and
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by Humphreys, Rob
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