flight shame / flygskam

11 results

pages: 651 words: 162,060

The Climate Book: The Facts and the Solutions
by Greta Thunberg
Published 14 Feb 2023

The Swedish language has produced only a tiny number of words that have achieved international recognition and made it into the global vocabulary, for example ‘smörgåsbord’ and ‘ombudsman’. Recently these words were joined by flygskam, or ‘flight shame’. It is linked to the international climate movement and the growing number of people who have given up flying, because frequent flying is by far the most climate-destructive individual activity you can engage in – unless you count billionaire-style space travel or owning a large private yacht. The reason flygskam took off in Sweden was most likely because a small number of celebrities got behind it. The word itself was created by the media, probably in an attempt to create some click-friendly traction.

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Beyond prompting people towards a particular course of action, patterns of social influence have the potential to set the tone for which ways of life are deemed more or less acceptable. For many years, frequent travel by air has been seen as marker of high social status. More recently, however, awareness of the harmful impacts of flying has begun to shape new social norms set against this and to influence demand for flights: in Sweden, where the phenomenon of flygskam (flight shame) took root, domestic air-passenger numbers fell by 9 per cent between 2018 and 2019 as a result. It is out of an interest in influencing others that the Flight Free campaign encourages people to make a commitment to reduce flying, not only to lower one’s own emissions (though this matters) but in order to have a wider impact on family and friends and ultimately to change cultural expectations around aviation.

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See farming air-conditioning, 52, 138–9, 157, 183 air pollution, 25, 28, 51–2, 57–9, 96, 133, 135, 137, 138, 140–42, 141, 157, 163, 290, 378–9, 427 Alberta Tar Sands, Canada, 164, 221 algae, 7, 15, 233, 246, 340, 345 Amazon rainforest, 14, 38, 39, 82, 91, 93, 96, 97, 99–101, 176 American Clean Energy and Security Act (2009), 30 amines, 238 ammonia 55, 273 Amsterdam, 333–4 Andhra Pradesh, India, 151, 152–3 Anishinaabe people, 415 ‘announced pledges’ 261 Antarctica, 33, 38, 39, 72, 76–7, 80, 82, 85, 91, 114, 124 Anthropocene, 32, 33, 37, 76, 310, 380 antibiotic resistance, 147–8 apathy, overcoming climate, 337–9 aquifers, 88, 170 Arctic: Indigenous people of, 173–5, 418; jet stream and, 62–6, 63, 64; methane release, 118–21, 120, 239; permafrost deposits, 91, 118–21, 120; sea ice melt, 24, 33, 38, 39, 51, 62–6, 63, 64, 76, 91, 93, 114, 115, 124, 173–5, 233; wildfires, 98 Arctic Ocean, 62, 86, 91, 118, 124 Arrhenius, Svante, 23 Asia: climate refugees in 167; Covid-19 and, 380–81; diet transition in, 249; food systems, 253, 254; heat-related deaths in, 137; monsoon, 83; per capita carbon dioxide emissions (2019) 408; plastic pollution, 296, 297; rewilding in, 350; transport greenhouse gas emissions, 266, 266, 267, 273, 275, 276–7; undernutrition in, 246; waste generation, 291, 292, 293, 425; water supply, 73; wealth and greenhouse gas emissions in, 406; weather events, 65 Atlantic Coast Pipelines, 164 Atlantic Ocean 38, 39, 75, 121, 164, 170, 192, 293, 294, 325, 349; Atlantic heat conveyer, 39; Atlantification, 121; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), 39, 81–3, 82, 344 Attenborough, Sir David, 370 attribution science, 67–9, 75, 97 Australia, 4, 9, 11–15, 16–17, 27, 51, 74, 75, 97–8, 109, 155, 209, 221, 250, 254, 258 authoritarian regimes, 181, 192, 412, 433 averaged relative environmental impact (AREI), 249, 249, 250, 250 aviation: carbon dioxide emissions statistics and, 4, 156, 212, 269–70, 306, 389, 429, 430, 434; carbon taxes and, 407; as driver of global warming, 55; electrification of, 271, 273; equity and carbon dioxide emissions from, 275; flygskam (flight shame), 329; frequent flying, 207, 270, 325, 333; greenhouse gas emissions from in 1970, 1990 and 2010, 266, 266, 269–70; offsets, 209; private jets, 280, 312, 333; reducing/giving up flying, 325, 328, 329, 434 B Badain Jaran Desert, China, 241, 242–3 Bangladesh, 69, 159–60, 282, 371, 413–14 bark beetle, 192 barn swallow, 115 Batagaika crater, Siberia, 93, 94–5 batteries, 26, 56, 220, 222, 226, 228, 268, 272, 273 BBC, 370 BC Provincial Inventory Report (2021), 105 beaches, 86, 169–70, 296 beavers, 12, 349, 415 BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), 212, 216, 237, 238, 303 beef, 248–51, 288, 312, 338, 341–2, 343 bees, 108, 110, 111, 339 beetles, 104 Bergmann’s rule, 114 Bernays, Edward: Propaganda 332, 333 big-eared hopping mouse, 13 biodiversity: Aichi Biodiversity Targets (2010), 90, 93; Amazon rainforest and, 101; BECCS and, 212; biomass energy and, 229; food systems and, 246–7, 248–9, 252, 253, 254–5, 342; forests and, 101, 102–9, 103, 104, 105, 108, 231, 232; GDP and, 307; ‘hotspots’ 14, 96, 111, 418; Indigenous communities and, 172, 177, 417–19; insect, 111, 112; ocean, 85, 344–5, 346, 347; planting trees and, 430; sea-level rise and, 170; severe threats to around the world 108; soil and, 116; solar power and, 228; Sustainable Development Goals and, 90; terrestrial, 32, 34, 106–9, 108; transport and, 265; wildfires and, 96 biofuels, 140, 211, 226–7, 237, 268, 271, 431, 432 biogenic emissions, 4, 156, 212, 389, 429, 430 biogeography, 85 biomass burning, 91–2, 99, 211, 212, 216, 225, 226, 229, 231, 237, 238, 280, 302, 303, 431 birds: biomass, 244; extinction, 12–13, 107, 150, 360, 415–17; habitat loss, 102, 250; migratory, 113–15; songbirds, 415–17 black-and-white issues, 2, 20 black carbon, 53, 55, 99, 119, 121, 190–91 Black, Indigenous and People of Colour (BIPOC) communities, 163 Black Panther Party, 413 body size, reductions in species, 114 Bondo, Switzerland, 91 border controls, 168 boreal forest, 38, 91, 93, 102–4, 103, 104, 105, 109, 115, 121, 230, 231, 245 both-sidesism, 91, 432 Bramble Cay melomys, 14–15, 109 Brazil, 93, 100, 176, 245, 258, 350, 413 Break Free From Plastic, 296 bridge fuel, 30 bridging technology, 232 British Columbia, 50, 98, 102, 104–5, 104, 322–3, 325, 408–9 British Petroleum, 326 British Virgin Islands, 170 Broecker, Wallace (Wally), 78, 83 burgers, 341 ‘burning embers’ graph, 39 Bush, George H.

pages: 460 words: 107,454

Stakeholder Capitalism: A Global Economy That Works for Progress, People and Planet
by Klaus Schwab
Published 7 Jan 2021

locations=IN. 37 “The Carbon Footprint of Bitcoin,” Christian Stoll, Lena Klaaßen, Ulrich Gallersdörfer, Joule, July 2019, https://www.cell.com/joule/fulltext/S2542-4351(19)30255-7. 38 “Firms Must Justify Investment in Fossil Fuels, Warns Mark Carney,” Andrew Sparrow, The Guardian, December 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/dec/30/firms-must-justify-investment-in-fossil-fuels-warns-mark-carney. 39 “The Net-Zero Challenge: Fast-Forward to Decisive Climate Action,” World Economic Forum, January 2020, https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-net-zero-challenge-fast-forward-to-decisive-climate-action. 40 “German Air Travel Slump Points to Spread of Flight Shame,” William Wilkes and Richard Weiss, Bloomberg, December 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-12-19/german-air-travel-slump-points-to-spread-of-flight-shame?sref=61mHmpU4. 41 “How Greta Thunberg and ‘Flygskam’ Are Shaking the Global Airline Industry,” Nicole Lyn Pesce, MarketWatch, December 2019, https://www.marketwatch.com/story/flygskam-is-the-swedish-travel-trend-that-could-shake-the-global-airline-industry-2019-06-20. 42 “This Is What Peak Car Looks Like,” Keith Naughton and David Welch, Bloomberg Businessweek, February 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-02-28/this-is-what-peak-car-looks-like. 43 “COVID-19 Made Cities More Bike-Friendly—Here's How to Keep Them That Way,” Sandra Caballero and Philippe Rapin, World Economic Forum Agenda, June 2020, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/covid-19-made-cities-more-bike-friendly-here-s-how-to-keep-them-that-way/. 44 “Germany Calls for a New Trans Europe Express TEE 2.0 Network,” International Railway Journal, September 2020, https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/main-line/germany-calls-for-a-new-trans-europe-express-tee-2-0-network/. 45 ESG stands for environmental, social, and governance. 46 “EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS),” European Commission, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/ets_en. 47 “The European Union Emissions Trading System Reduced CO2 Emissions Despite Low Prices,” Patrick Bayer and Michaël Aklin, PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, April 2020, https://www.pnas.org/content/117/16/8804. 48 Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders, World Economic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/projects/alliance-of-ceo-climate-leaders. 49 “The Net-Zero Challenge: Fast-Forward to Decisive Climate Action,” World Economic Forum and Boston Consulting Group, January 2020, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Net_Zero_Challenge.pdf. 50 Greta Thunberg, World Economic Forum Annual Meeting, held in Davos, Switzerland, January 2019.

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Wealth is being transferred into health. The number of people flying between German cities, for example, in November 2019 fell 12 percent from a year earlier, Bloomberg reported.40 Meanwhile, Deutsche Bahn (DB), Germany's train operator, saw its rider number peak.41 It was believed to be a consequence of the flygskam or “flight shame” that the popular movement against climate change had mainstreamed. In other places, people are increasingly considering again using public transportation, bicycles, or simply walking to get to destinations, turning away from the car. Cities such as London, Madrid, and Mexico City are restricting the use of cars,42 a policy choice not only based on congestion considerations but on the increasing belief among residents that cities are for people, not cars.

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See US Federal Reserve Federal Trade Commission (US), 134 Fidesz-KNDP coalition (Hungary), 83 Financial capital definition of, 235 New Zealand's Living Standards Framework on, 235fig–236 Financial Times on Asian GDP's PPP higher than rest of world, 70–71 on Big Tech monopolies, 141–142 Gillian Tett's column on BlackRock ESG ideas, 216 on lack of economic growth, 27 on loss of manufacturing jobs (1990–2016), 120 on one percent households (2019), 42 reporting on China's total debt–to–GDP ratio (2018), 62 reporting on emerging markets performance (2002–2014), 64 reporting on risk of species extinction, 51 reporting on Singapore's COVID-19 response, 233 Fink, Larry, 164–165, 205, 215–217 Finland female-led government leadership during COVID-19 pandemic in, 224 stakeholder concept adopted in, 174 vote for right-wing populist parties (2000, 2017–2019), 84fig FirstEnergy (US), 244 First Industrial Revolution (19th century), 56, 71, 108, 116, 119, 130–134, 135, 161 First Technological Revolution, 45fig–46 First wave of globalization (19th century–1914), 102–105 First World War. See World War I 5G, 161 500 Startups (San Francisco), 93 Fiverr, 237 Five Star Movement (Italy), 83, 87–88 Flipkart (India), 69 Floyd, George, 245, 246 Flygskam (“flight shame”), 163 Fogel, Robert, 44 Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) [UN], 50 Ford Motor Company, 33 Foreign Affairs, 172 Foreign direct investments (FDI), 57 Foroohar, Rana, 128 Forza Italia (Italy), 83 Four Asian Tigers. See Asian Tigers Fourth Industrial Revolution, 18, 45, 68, 71, 116, 122, 125, 142–145, 161–162, 177, 186, 201, 208, 212, 213, 237, 239 The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Schwab), 116 Foxconn (Taiwan), 59 France Compagnie de Suez join stock company of, 103 First Industrial Revolution spreading to, 131 La France Insoumise populist party of, 81 vote for right-wing populist parties (2000, 2017–2019), 84fig Yellow Vests (Gilets Jaunes) protests of, 86–87, 195 Youth for Climate movement (2017), 86 La France Insoumise (France), 81 The Freelance Isn't Free Law (New York), 243 Freelancers Union (New York), 242–243 Freelancing work, 237–238, 240–243 Freund, Caroline, 138 Frey, Carl, 116, 135 Frick Coke Company, 132 Frick, Henry, 132 Fridays for Climate strikes (2018), 149, 250 Friedman, Milton, 14, 136, 175, 205, 209 Friedrichshafen (Germany), 4–5, 6–7, 8–9, 251 Fukuyama, Francis, 15, 112 “The Future of Employment” study (2013), 116 G G7 countries, social compact breaking down in, 110–111 Gama, Vasco da, 97 Garikipati, Supriya, 224 Gates, Bill, 132 Gazivoda, Tin, 195 GDP (gross domestic product) China's increased total debt–to–GDP ratio, 62 COVID crisis impact on public debt and, 19 description and function of, 9, 24 emerging markets (2002–2019), 64–65fig formula for calculating, 24 New Zealand's COVID-19 response and impact on, 222–223 New Zealand's focus on social issues instead of, 234–236 post-World War II low level of, 105 private sector percentage of China's, 172 Simon Kuznets' warning on progress measured by, 21–25, 34, 46, 53 Singapore (1965–2019), 123–125 stakeholder model going beyond profits and, 189–193 trade globalization measured by percentage of, 16 See also GNI (gross national income); GNP (gross national product) GDP growth declining rates since the 1960s, 25–28 differentiating between global, national, and regional, 27–28 singular focus of policymaking on, 25 as “war-time metric,” 25 Gender pay equity, 243 Gender representation advocacy of, 243–244 Ireland's experiment in, 194 as stakeholder model issue, 188–189 General Data Protection Regulation (European Union), 212 General-purpose technologies (GPTs), 143 Generation Z workers, 240 German reunification, 17, 78 Germany Berlin Wall (1961–1989) dividing, 75–77, 88, 89 Christian–Democrats (CDU) political party of, 78, 79 erosion of the political center in, 80–90 extreme views replacing Volksparteien, 80, 83 female-led government leadership during COVID-19 pandemic in, 224 First Industrial Revolution spreading to, 131 following the First World War, 4 growing populism and polarizing politics (2020) in, 79, 87–88 Hartmann machine works (Chemnitz, Kingdom of Saxony), 103fig integration of East and West, 17, 78 lowering debt burden through economic growth, 31 neo-Nazi elements protesting COVID-19 responses, 87 reconstruction of post-war economy and society, 3, 7–11, 251 social reforms (1880s) in, 133 Social–Democrats (SPD) political party of, 78, 80–81 stakeholder concept adopted in, 174 “Stunde Null” (or “Zero Hour”) [May 8, 1945] ending the war, 5 vote for right-wing populist parties (2000, 2017–2019), 84fig well-managed COVID crisis response in, 79 See also East Germany; West Germany Ghana, 27, 70 Gig workers, 187–188, 237–238, 240–243 Gig Workers Rising (California), 241 Gig worker strike (2019), 187 Gig Workers United (California), 241 The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (Twain and Warner), 133 Gini coefficient of China/India, 37fig–38, 226 Global Competitiveness Index (World Economic Forum), 189, 190 Global debt population pyramid and repayment of, 30 problem of rising, 28–31 what is included in, 28 Global economic growth ASEAN nations, 63–66, 67fig “the Asian Century,” 70–71fig Chinese economy impacting, 63–66, 70–72 declining productivity growth impact on, 33–34 Elephant Curve of Global Inequality and Growth graph, 137–138fig foundations of the post-war, 4–7 India, 66, 67–69 low GDP growth impact on, 25–28 low-interest rates and low inflation impact on, 31–33 post-World War II expansion of the, 3, 7–11, 251 rising debt impact on, 28–31 the tumultuous 1970s and 1980s, 11–15 Global economic order Davos Manifesto (1973) on new direction for, 13–14, 88, 213 impact of income inequality on the, 36–41 impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the, 108 requirements of a post-COVID world and, 251 SARS–CoV–2 vaccines development and possible “Great Reset” of, 248 understanding the foundations of post-war, 4–7 Global financial crisis (2007–2009), 18, 34, 112–113, 122 Global Footprint Network (GFN), 19, 48fig–49 Global Infrastructure Hub, 32 Globalists, The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism (Slobodian), 181 Globalization adverse effects of, 107, 110–114 current state of, 108–114 description and implications of, 16 early beginnings and spice routes history of, 99–108 economic decline beginning in 2007, 18–19 GDP measure of trade, 16 New York Times op–ed (Schwab) on, 85 as political ideology, 108 reasons for embracing, 114 success stories from Indonesia, 93–99 three conditions required for positive, 109–110 YouGov–Bertelsmann poll (2018) on, 97 Globalization 4.0, 106–108 Globalization conditions balanced political leadership, 109–110 when functioning as social compact, 109, 110–111 when technology is congruent with economic and societal advantages, 110 Globalization history Age of Discovery (15th to 18th century), 100–102 first wave (19th century–1914), 102–105 globalization 4.0, 106–108 lessons learned from, 108–114 second and third wave (20th century), 105–106 Silk Road and spice routes, 99–102 Global population.

pages: 460 words: 107,454

Stakeholder Capitalism: A Global Economy That Works for Progress, People and Planet
by Klaus Schwab and Peter Vanham
Published 27 Jan 2021

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pages: 314 words: 81,529

Badvertising
by Andrew Simms

Ending advertising for fossil-fuelled cars can therefore be seen as a structural requirement in the move towards a zero carbon economy and society, but doing this today would still leave tens of millions of fossil-fuelled cars on the road for a decade or more to come. Ending advertising for flights today could see a huge and rapid reduction in emissions from air travel, starting tomorrow. * * * Growing public disquiet about the environmental damage caused by air travel has not gone unnoticed by the aviation industry. The coining of a new word – Flygskam, meaning ‘flight shame’ – in Sweden in 2019, against a backdrop of mass global climate protests led by Greta Thunberg, sent a ripple of panic through airline boardrooms, as it was accompanied by a sudden drop in flights, especially domestic flights, at Swedish and German airports.28 Incidentally, another term began to be heard in Sweden at the same time: Tågskryt, meaning ‘train brag’, concerning all the people making the conscious choice to travel by train instead of plane.

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SMMT 2022 Automotive Sustainability Report (2022) Average vehicle age. www.smmt.co.uk/industry-topics/sustainability/average-vehicle-age/ 28. Quick, Miriam (2019) Domestic air travel has dipped as climate-conscious Swedes opt for train. But will ‘flight shame’ become the norm – and what might it mean for business travel. BBC, 22 July. www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20190718-flygskam 29. The Clean Development Mechanism. United Nations Climate Change. https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-kyoto-protocol/mechanisms-under-the-kyoto-protocol/the-clean-development-mechanism 30. www.reuters.com/markets/carbon/voluntary-carbon-markets-set-become-least-five-times-bigger-by-2030-shell-2023-01-2219/ 31.

pages: 342 words: 72,927

Transport for Humans: Are We Nearly There Yet?
by Pete Dyson and Rory Sutherland
Published 15 Jan 2021

In the eighteenth century the Portuguese embassy in Rome organized a theatre production: free for Portuguese citizens but with an entry fee for all other nationalities. Some cheeky Romans masqueraded as Portuguese to get free entry – and the name stuck.6 Flygskam is a word from Sweden, home of Greta Thunberg, that literally means ‘flight shame’. Passenger numbers at Sweden’s ten busiest airports decreased by 5% in the summer of 2019 compared with the year before.7 In the same period, train use increased by 1.5 million journeys, meaning that we could add tågskryt, or ‘train brag’, to our lexicon as well.

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Transport for London website, 5 August (www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-travel-survey-2019). 9 L. Hopkinson and S. Cairns. 2021. Elite status: global inequalities in flying. Report, March, Inspiring Climate Action (https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1439908/elitestatusglobalinequalitiesinflying/2067509/). 10 S. Gössling, A. Humpe and T. Bausch. 2020. Does ‘flight shame’ affect social norms? Changing perspectives on the desirability of air travel in Germany. Journal of Cleaner Production 266, 122015. 11 R. Carmichael. 2019. Behaviour change, public engagement and net zero. Report, Committee on Climate Change, Imperial College London, October (www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Behaviour-change-public-engagement-and-Net-Zero-Imperial-College-London.pdf).

pages: 335 words: 101,992

Not the End of the World
by Hannah Ritchie
Published 9 Jan 2024

If we’re relying on fossil fuels, this obviously comes at a climate cost. For hydrogen to be a fuel of the future we need to improve its efficiency, but we also need to ramp up the amount of low-carbon electricity we’re producing. You might wonder why I’m not talking about cutting out flying completely. ‘Flygskam’ or ‘flight shame’ was born as an environmental movement in Sweden in 2018. But people have been talking about flying less for as long as I can remember. It’s a very reasonable position to take: most people in the world have never flown. It’s a luxury of the few. Some people had got used to hopping on a plane to attend a one-hour meeting.

pages: 420 words: 135,569

Imaginable: How to See the Future Coming and Feel Ready for Anything―Even Things That Seem Impossible Today
by Jane McGonigal
Published 22 Mar 2022

But why in the future would most people own only one pair of shoes? Well, maybe over the next ten years, we will see a huge downward shift in consumption, possibly due to economic reality (are we heading into a global post-pandemic economic depression?) or maybe as part of global climate action. In 2019, we saw a significant trend in Sweden called flygskam, or “flight shaming,” where people get shamed out of taking unnecessary air travel because of the heavy carbon and climate impact. Maybe in the next decade, this will move beyond the carbon impact of travel to the carbon impact of consumer goods? I am definitely going to be shoe shamed if in the future it becomes a signal of climate commitment to own only one pair of shoes!

pages: 206 words: 78,882

The New Tourist: Waking Up to the Power and Perils of Travel
by Paige McClanahan
Published 17 Jun 2024

Evidence from Korea,” Tourism Management 33, no. 5 (October 2012): 1141–47. 28 International Energy Agency, “CO2 emissions in aviation in the Net Zero Scenario, 2000–2030,” July 11, 2023, https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/co2-emissions-in-aviation-in-the-net-zero-scenario-2000-2030. 29 “85% of Offsets Failed to Reduce Emissions, Says EU Study,” European Federation for Transport and Environment, May 17, 2017, https://www.transportenvironment.org/discover/85-offsets-failed-reduce-emissions-says-eu-study. 30 David Victor, author Zoom interview, October 2022. 31 Elena Berton, “Flight Shaming Hits Air Travel as ‘Greta Effect’ Takes Off,” Reuters, October 2, 2019, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-travel-flying-climate-idUSKBN1WH23G; “ ‘Flight Shame’ Could Halve Growth in Air Traffic,” BBC, October 2, 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49890057. 32 Paige McClanahan, “Could Air Someday Power Your Flight? Airlines Are Betting on It,” New York Times, January 19, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/19/travel/airlines-climate-change-fuel.html?

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David Victor, a codirector of the Deep Decarbonization Initiative at the University of California San Diego, said in an interview that the carbon offset market has been flooded with low-quality offsets, which has driven down the price of a carbon credit and made the whole system grossly ineffective at actually reducing the amount of CO2 being released into the atmosphere. “Offsets were a magic wand because they were inexpensive and they made people feel like they were doing something,” he said. “But they turned out to be almost entirely garbage.”30 One obvious alternative to carbon offsets is to stop flying. The flight shaming movement gained traction alongside the rise in fame of the activist Greta Thunberg, who famously traveled across the Atlantic by sailboat to attend the UN General Assembly in 2019. While few concerned travelers would probably go so far as to re-create Thunberg’s ocean crossing, it turns out that the idea of adjusting one’s flying habits due to concerns for the climate isn’t only for super hardliners.

pages: 265 words: 75,202

The Heart of Business: Leadership Principles for the Next Era of Capitalism
by Hubert Joly
Published 14 Jun 2021

They see these tactics as merely a profit strategy, and not beneficial to them or the planet. Multiple industries, from food to fashion, are feeling the pressure to clean up their climate act. Concerns over global warming are shaping behavior—and consumption. Before Covid-19 devastated air travel, one in five people said they were flying less out of concern over the environment.7 A “flight shame” movement was spreading beyond Sweden’s borders. These trends cannot be ignored. Employees are also pushing for social and environmental change from their employers. For example, in September 2019, Amazon employees walked out to pressure their employer to be more ambitious about reducing its carbon footprint, stop servicing the oil and gas industry, and no longer support politicians who deny climate change.

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The Business Roundtable, “Statement on Corporate Governance,” September 1997, 1, http://www.ralphgomory.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Business-Roundtable-1997.pdf. 5. Edmund L. Andrews, “Are IPOs Good for Innovation?,” Stanford Graduate School of Business, January 15, 2013, https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/are-ipos-good-innovation. 6. Edelman, “Edelman Trust Barometer 2020.” 7. BBC News, “Flight Shame Could Halve Growth in Air Traffic,” October 2, 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49890057. 8. Larry Fink, “A Fundamental Reshaping of Finance,” 2020 letter to CEOs, BlackRock, https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/investor-relations/larry-fink-ceo-letter. 9. Charlotte Edmond, “These Are the Top Risks Facing the World in 2020,” World Economic Forum, January 15, 2020, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/top-global-risks-report-climate-change-cyberattacks-economic-political. 10.

The New Map: Energy, Climate, and the Clash of Nations
by Daniel Yergin
Published 14 Sep 2020

But it did promise, from thereon it would no longer use the term “climate crisis” in its news columns, but now all references would be to “climate emergency.”12 “Fighting climate change” has now become a broad social movement, engaging people not only in terms of policy and business decisions but also increasingly in their personal lives and sense of personal responsibility. In Britain, the Royal Shakespeare Company terminated an eight-year gift from an oil company because, it said, of the “strength of feeling” among young people. Some people have become vegans so as to give up meat and dairy products from methane-producing cows. Invoking “flight shaming” that has emerged in Scandinavia, a headline in the New York Times asked, “How Guilty Should You Feel About Flying?” The answer seemed to be if you did more than six flights a year. So significant has this personal dimension become that one of the major U.S. television networks invites “those who care deeply about the planet’s future” to go to its “confessions” page on its website to share how personally “you have fallen short in preventing climate change.”13 Chapter 42 GREEN DEALS C limate has risen to the top rung of policy in a number of nations.

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The rest of transportation consumption goes into heavy trucks, ships, trains, and airplanes. The global fleet of civilian airliners, while more efficient, was expected to double by 2040. That may now be pushed out a few years by the slower growth in passenger travel. Nevertheless, demand will return; over 80 percent of the world’s people have never been in an airplane. “Flight shaming” may be a social mode in Sweden, population 10 million, but China, population 1.4 billion, is building eight new airports a year. One of the hardest problems is to find alternatives to jet fuel aside from biofuels, the volumes of which are small. And even if there were an obvious solution or one on the horizon, it would take a long time to have an impact, owing to the life span of the existing fleet and the time to design new planes, get them certified, and then out into the fleets of airlines.

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See also shareholder activism Doha, Qatar, 278–79 Donbas region, 79 Donilon, Thomas, 59 Dow, 29–30 drone technology, 251–52, 286 Drucker, Peter, 162 Dutch East Indies, 140 Dyukov, Alexander, 76 Eagle Ford Shale, 17, 24, 24, 42, 55 Earth Justice, 51 earthquakes, 28 East Asia, 33 East China Sea, 148 Eastern Europe, 88, 109 Eastern Mediterranean energy reserves, 253–58 East Turkistan Islamic Movement, 180 Eberstadt, Nicholas, 132 Ebola epidemic, 315 “economic miracle” countries, 33, 74–75 Economic Survey (India), 408 Economist, The, 276, 286, 307–8 Edison, Thomas, 329 Egypt and Arab nationalism, 203–5, 214 and Arab Spring protests, 237–38 and Eastern Mediterranean petroleum resources, 254, 256–57 and historical context of Middle East conflicts, 196 and Iranian Revolution, 209 and Islamic fundamentalism, 259–63, 264, 270 and Qatar, 306 and Syrian civil war, 251 Einstein, Albert, 394–95 election interference, 70, 78, 81, 103–4 electric power and infrastructure, xix, 12–13, 184, 186, 234, 345–46, 404 electric vehicles (EVs), xviii, 327–46, 368–71, 415, 427, 428, 430 embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania (1998), 264–65 emissions standards, 335–37, 339, 346 Energiewende (“energy turn”), 86–87, 395–96 energy security and independence and Canadian imports to U.S., 47 and China’s development of petroleum resources, 160 and current geopolitical challenges, 427 and Eastern Mediterranean petroleum resources, 254–57 and electric vehicles, 341 and energy transition in the developing world, 408–9 and energy transition in U.S., xv and gas supplies to Europe, 84–89 and Nixon administration, 53 and opposition to Russian gas exports, 109 and politics of U.S. shale production, 55 and Russia-Europe relations, 83 and South China Sea tensions, 171 and varied approaches to climate change, 412–13 “energy superpower” status, xv, 57, 70–71 Energy Transfer Partners, 49, 51 energy transition and breakthrough energy technologies, 403–6 and carbon capture technology, 419 and current global challenges, xiii–xx, 427–29 and developing world, 407–10 emerging consensus on climate issues, 382–87 and “green deal” proposals, 388–91, 391–93 historical perspective on, 377–79 and IPCC, 379–80 and Paris climate agreement, 380–82 and push for renewable energy sources, 394, 400–401 and U.S. position, xv and varied approaches to climate change, 412 Eni, 256 environmental issues and activism and American shale gas reserves, 113 and Fukushima nuclear disaster, 87 and global power politics, xiii and hydraulic fracturing, 28–29 and indoor air pollution in developing countries, 407–8 and opposition to pipeline projects, 46–51 and U.S. transition to LNG exporter, 37 See also carbon emissions; climate change Environmental Defense Fund, 28–29 EOG, 14–17 Erbil, Kurdistan, 232 Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip, 247, 305, 315 ESPO pipeline, 118 Estonia, 69 EU Council, 102 Eurasian Economic Union, 92, 93, 189 Europe and China Belt and Road Initiative, 182, 184 and Eastern Mediterranean petroleum resources, 258 and impact of U.S. shale and LNG, 38, 55, 61–62 and push for renewable energy sources, 398–99 See also European Union (EU); specific countries European Central Bank, 187 European Commission, 388–90 European Union (EU) and energy security issues in Europe, 85–88 and energy transition challenges, 381 and “green deal” proposals, 388–91 and Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 102, 104, 108–9 and Russian annexation of Crimea, 95 and Russian gas supplies to Europe, 85 and Russian geopolitical ambitions, 70, 115 and Russia-Ukraine tensions, 93 and Syrian refugees, 248 Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and territorial waters, 142–45, 148, 159, 170, 257 extraterritoriality, 108, 139 ExxonMobil, 15, 65, 76, 395 Fabius, Laurent, 381 Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, 214 Faisal I, King of Iraq, 198–200, 202–3 Falcon rockets, 332 Farouk I, King of Egypt, 203 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 103 financial crisis of 2008, 26–27, 333, 429 Financial Stability Board, 385 Financial Times, 113, 273 financing for energy projects and China Belt and Road Initiative, 182–83 and “green recovery” proposals, 428 and push for renewable energy sources, 397, 400–401 and Russian interests in Central Asia, 125–26 and Russian LNG, 112 Fink, Larry, 385 First Opium War, 139 First Sino-Japanese War, 154 5G technology, 175, 354 “flight shaming,” 387, 415 Ford, Bill (and Ford Motor Company), 329, 338, 346, 351, 369–70, 373 Ford, Henry, 372–73 Fort Laramie Treaty, 49 Fracking Debate, The (Raimi), 28 France, 138, 195–96, 201–2, 227, 232, 247, 343 Freeport LNG facility, 24, 35–37, 38 Free Syrian Army (FSA), 244 Fukushima nuclear accident, 63, 87, 401, 430 G7, 129 G8, 129 G20, 129, 280, 319–20, 388, 426 Gadhafi, Muammar, 239 Gadkari, Nitin, 342 Gaidar, Yegor, 73 gasoline and Auto-Tech advances, 368, 370–72 and “clean diesel,” 335 and consumer behaviors, 421 Mexican imports, 41, 43 and oil embargo of 1973, 53–54 and oil price war, 316–17, 323 and pipeline battles in U.S., 47 Gates, Bill, 315, 385–86 Gates, Robert, 237–38 Gaza, 253 Gazprom, 76, 80, 86, 89, 105, 107–8, 109, 125 Geely, 338 General Motors, 171, 329, 333–34, 369 Georges-Picot, François, 194–95, 196–98, 201–2 Georgia (country), 82 Germany and “clean diesel,” 336 economic growth before World War I, 132 and energy security issues in Europe, 86–88 and energy transition challenges, xix and global order after First World War, 200 and Iranian nuclear ambitions, 223, 227 and Khashoggi affair, 305–6 and Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 102, 104–5, 107–8 and push for renewable energy sources, 395–96, 400–401 and Russia’s “pivot to the east,” 117 and Syrian refugees, 248 and the Thucydides Trap, 131, 154 and U.S.

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What We Need to Do Now: A Green Deal to Ensure a Habitable Earth
by Chris Goodall
Published 30 Jan 2020

By avoiding flying, we are signalling that we view the climate crisis as a serious threat to the future of humanity. This has a beneficial effect on politicians, who feel emboldened to act, and also obliges the airlines to begin to develop low carbon fuels at an increased pace in order to save their businesses. The ‘flight shame’ movement has taken off fastest in Sweden, where the Nordic airline SAS recently announced a 2 per cent fall in traffic in 2019 and blamed climate activists for the impact on its revenues. We can expect SAS to be a leader in pushing for low carbon fuels. Those who oppose flying are often portrayed as anti-business.