VoIP Telephony with Asterisk
by Unknown · 8 Mar 2011 · 247pp · 62,845 words
sent with a"Robbed Bit" bit:8 of each channel's time slot is "robbed" to indicate a signaling state in the 6th and 12th frames. Effective throughput for the A signaling bit (Frame  6) is 666.66 BPS. Effective throughput for the B signaling bit (Frame 12) is the same
Framers: Human Advantage in an Age of Technology and Turmoil
by Kenneth Cukier, Viktor Mayer-Schönberger and Francis de Véricourt · 10 May 2021 · 291pp · 80,068 words
in the social sciences. The psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky eloquently explained how different characterizations of outcomes influence decision-making—which they called the “framing effect,” and described it as a flaw in human reasoning. Though we share the same term, the meaning here is somewhat different: not how something is
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and education: Todd Oppenheimer, The Flickering Mind: Saving Education from the False Promise of Technology (New York: Random House, 2004). On Kahneman and Tversky’s “framing effect”: Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice,” Science 211, no. 4481 (January 30, 1981): 453–58. On Kuhn
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–209 as subconscious action, 8 technology’s inability to do, 17–18, 44, 45–46 terrorists and, 213–214 uniformity as end of successful, 207 “framing effect,” 10 Francis I (king of France), 169 Freud, Sigmund, 25, 80 Frisch, Otto, 133 Fukuyama, Francis, 20, 181 Fung, Inez, 75–76, 168 Gabriel, Peter
Talk on the Wild Side
by Lane Greene · 15 Dec 2018 · 284pp · 84,169 words
taxes, emphasising the good things they pay for, calling them not a burden, but “membership fees”. There is some good evidence for the power of framing effects in politics – and not only from the polls of Frank Luntz. Lera Boroditsky, a psychologist who specialises in language and thought at the University of
Framing Class: Media Representations of Wealth and Poverty in America
by Diana Elizabeth Kendall · 27 Jul 2005 · 311pp · 130,761 words
, and private jet travel. The price of each item is carefully put into perspective for middle- and lower-class viewers. THE TWENTY-FOUR-KARAT GOLD FRAME: EFFECTS OF FRAMING THE WEALTHY The media’s framing of stories about the wealthy influences the opinions of people in other classes. Lacking personal encounters with
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class. As political scientist Shanto Iyengar states with regard to the media framing of poverty, “While there is as yet no well-developed theory of framing effects, it seems quite likely that these effects occur because the terms or ‘frames’ embodied by a stimulus subtly direct attention to particular reference points or
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig · 14 Jul 2019 · 2,466pp · 668,761 words
another problem is that the exact wording of a decision problem can have a big impact on the agent’s choices; this is called the framing effect. Experiments show that people like a medical procedure that is described as having a “90% survival rate” about twice as much as one described as
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, 1089, 1095, 1112, 1115 Fox, M. S., 401, 1095 FPGA, 45 frame, 41, 359 FrameNet (lexical database), 357 frame problem, 257, 267, 268 representational, 257 framing effect, 529 Francis, J., 549, 1101 Franco, J., 266, 1095 Francois-Lavet, V., 871, 1095 Francon, O., 137, 161, 1106 Frank, E., 738, 1117 Frank, I
The Penguin and the Leviathan: How Cooperation Triumphs Over Self-Interest
by Yochai Benkler · 8 Aug 2011 · 187pp · 62,861 words
decision to act, we have to first interpret the situation we’re in. Even economists have grudgingly admitted this; behavioral economics describes it as the framing effect. Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, the fathers of behavioral economics, explain that people will make different decisions depending on how a situation is presented. For
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will reject bets framed as potential losses, but accept that same bet when it is framed as potential gains). Countless experiments have demonstrated equally powerful framing effects in a wide range of contexts. While “framing” is popularly known today through these kinds of “irrationalities,” the situation and its impact on what we
Mastering Digital Photography: Jason Youn's Essential Guide to Understanding the Art & Science of Aperture, Shutter, Exposure, Light, & Composition
by Jason Youn · 12 Jul 2013 · 185pp · 52,089 words
. Here Bob is standing in a field waving. In the left picture he is alone; in the right, a tree creates a frame within a frame effect. The tree not only provides balance to Bob, but it also constricts the framing of the image to left and middle portions of the frame
Thinking, Fast and Slow
by Daniel Kahneman · 24 Oct 2011 · 654pp · 191,864 words
chapters address several ways human choices deviate from the rules of rationality. I deal with the unfortunate tendency to treat problems in isolation, and with framing effects, where decisions are shaped by inconsequential features of choice problems. These observations, which are readily explained by the features of System 1, present a deep
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is the review of judgment under uncertainty that I described earlier. The second, published in 1984, summarizes prospect theory as well as our studies of framing effects. The articles present the contributions that were cited by the Nobel committee—and you may be surprised by how simple they are. Reading them will
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—what we see is all there is. Furthermore, our associative system tends to settle on a coherent pattern of activation and suppresses doubt and ambiguity. Framing effects: Different ways of presenting the same information often evoke different emotions. The statement that “the odds of survival one month after surgery are 90%” is
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ever did, and our article is among the most often cited in the social sciences. Two years later, we published in Science an account of framing effects: the large changes of preferences that are sometimes caused by inconsequential variations in the wording of a choice problem. During the first five years we
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statements evoke different reactions makes it impossible for Humans to be as reliably rational as Econs. Emotional Framing Amos and I applied the label of framing effects to the unjustified influences of formulation on beliefs an Con d preferences. This is one of the examples we used: Would you accept a gamble
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be economically equivalent, but they are not emotionally equivalent. In an elegant experiment, a team of neuroscientists at University College London combined a study of framing effects with recordings of activity in different areas of the brain. In order to provide reliable measures of the brain response, the experiment consisted of many
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of its being labeled LOSE. Resisting the inclination of System 1 apparently involves conflict. The most “rational” subjects—those who were the least susceptible to framing effects—showed enhanced activity in a frontal area of the brain that is implicated in combining emotion and reasoning to guide decisions. Remarkably, the “rational” individuals
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, and 90% survival sounds encouraging whereas 10% mortality is frightening. An important finding of the study is that physicians were just as susceptible to the framing effect as medically unsophisticated people (hospital patients and graduate students in a business school). Medical training is, evidently, no defense against the power of framing. The
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Asian disease problem: half saw the “lives-saved” version, the others answered the “lives-lost” question. Like other people, these professionals were susceptible to the framing effects. It is somewhat worrying that the officials who make decisions that affect everyone’s health can be swayed by such a superficial manipulation—but we
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no moral intuitions of its own to answer the question. I am grateful to the great economist Thomas Schelling for my favorite example of a framing effect, which he described in his book Choice and Consequence. Schelling’s book was written before our work on framing was published, and framing was not
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donation was close to 100% in Austria but only 12% in Germany, 86% in Sweden but only 4% in Denmark. These enormous differences are a framing effect, which is caused by the format of the critical question. The high-donation countries have an opt out form, where individuals who wish not to
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not people will donate their organs is the designation of the default option that will be adopted without having to check a box. Unlike other framing effects that have been traced to features of System 1, the organ donation effect is best explained by the laziness of System 2. People will check
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seeking in the “lives lost” version; and they also wish to obey invariance and give consistent answers in the two versions. In their stubborn appeal, framing effects resemble perceptual illusions more than computational errors. The following pair of problems elicits preferences that violate the dominance requirement of rational choice. Problem 3 (N
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on the table. The common mismatch of decision values and experience values introduces an additional element of uncertainty in many decision problems. The prevalence of framing effects and violations of invariance further complicates the relati ces maker won between decision values and experience values. The framing of outcomes often induces decision values
Smarter Faster Better: The Secrets of Being Productive in Life and Business
by Charles Duhigg · 8 Mar 2016 · 401pp · 119,488 words
.” hard to dislodge Irwin P. Levin, Sandra L. Schneider, and Gary J. Gaeth, “All Frames Are Not Created Equal: A Typology and Critical Analysis of Framing Effects,” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 76, no. 2 (1998): 149–88; Hilary A. Llewellyn-Thomas, M. June McGreal, and Elaine C. Thiel, “Cancer Patients
Learning Ext Js
by Shea Frederick · 19 Dec 2008 · 324pp · 87,064 words
a more important event, we could use something like this: Ext.get('target').frame('ff0000', 3); The first argument is the hexadecimal color of the framing effect, in this case, an angry red. The second argument specifies the number of times the ping is to be repeated. So here, we're using
The Joys of Compounding: The Passionate Pursuit of Lifelong Learning, Revised and Updated
by Gautam Baid · 1 Jun 2020 · 1,239pp · 163,625 words
Guide to LaTeX
by Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly · 15 Feb 2008
The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less
by Barry Schwartz · 1 Jan 2004 · 241pp · 75,516 words
The Age of the Infovore: Succeeding in the Information Economy
by Tyler Cowen · 25 May 2010 · 254pp · 72,929 words
Success and Luck: Good Fortune and the Myth of Meritocracy
by Robert H. Frank · 31 Mar 2016 · 190pp · 53,409 words
Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness
by Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein · 7 Apr 2008 · 304pp · 22,886 words
Strategy: A History
by Lawrence Freedman · 31 Oct 2013 · 1,073pp · 314,528 words
The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future
by Joseph E. Stiglitz · 10 Jun 2012 · 580pp · 168,476 words
The Skeptical Economist: Revealing the Ethics Inside Economics
by Jonathan Aldred · 1 Jan 2009 · 339pp · 105,938 words
Rationality: What It Is, Why It Seems Scarce, Why It Matters
by Steven Pinker · 14 Oct 2021 · 533pp · 125,495 words
Virtual Competition
by Ariel Ezrachi and Maurice E. Stucke · 30 Nov 2016
You Are What You Read
by Jodie Jackson · 3 Apr 2019 · 145pp · 41,453 words
Never Split the Difference: Negotiating as if Your Life Depended on It
by Chris Voss and Tahl Raz · 3 Oct 1989 · 310pp · 82,592 words
Adaptive Markets: Financial Evolution at the Speed of Thought
by Andrew W. Lo · 3 Apr 2017 · 733pp · 179,391 words
Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst
by Robert M. Sapolsky · 1 May 2017 · 1,261pp · 294,715 words
How Doctors Think
by Jerome Groopman · 15 Jan 2007 · 292pp · 94,324 words
Super Thinking: The Big Book of Mental Models
by Gabriel Weinberg and Lauren McCann · 17 Jun 2019
A Random Walk Down Wall Street: The Time-Tested Strategy for Successful Investing
by Burton G. Malkiel · 10 Jan 2011 · 416pp · 118,592 words
The Elements of Choice: Why the Way We Decide Matters
by Eric J. Johnson · 12 Oct 2021 · 362pp · 103,087 words
Markets, State, and People: Economics for Public Policy
by Diane Coyle · 14 Jan 2020 · 384pp · 108,414 words
The Constitution of Knowledge: A Defense of Truth
by Jonathan Rauch · 21 Jun 2021 · 446pp · 109,157 words
Everything Is Predictable: How Bayesian Statistics Explain Our World
by Tom Chivers · 6 May 2024 · 283pp · 102,484 words
The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds
by Michael Lewis · 6 Dec 2016 · 336pp · 113,519 words
A Random Walk Down Wall Street: The Time-Tested Strategy for Successful Investing (Eleventh Edition)
by Burton G. Malkiel · 5 Jan 2015 · 482pp · 121,672 words
Expected Returns: An Investor's Guide to Harvesting Market Rewards
by Antti Ilmanen · 4 Apr 2011 · 1,088pp · 228,743 words
Global Catastrophic Risks
by Nick Bostrom and Milan M. Cirkovic · 2 Jul 2008
Spies, Lies, and Algorithms: The History and Future of American Intelligence
by Amy B. Zegart · 6 Nov 2021
Everything Is Obvious: *Once You Know the Answer
by Duncan J. Watts · 28 Mar 2011 · 327pp · 103,336 words
More Than You Know: Finding Financial Wisdom in Unconventional Places (Updated and Expanded)
by Michael J. Mauboussin · 1 Jan 2006 · 348pp · 83,490 words
Why Nudge?: The Politics of Libertarian Paternalism
by Cass R. Sunstein · 25 Mar 2014 · 168pp · 46,194 words
The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values
by Sam Harris · 5 Oct 2010 · 412pp · 115,266 words
Schild's Ladder
by Greg Egan · 31 Dec 2003 · 353pp · 101,130 words
The Intelligence Trap: Revolutionise Your Thinking and Make Wiser Decisions
by David Robson · 7 Mar 2019 · 417pp · 103,458 words
The Choice Factory: 25 Behavioural Biases That Influence What We Buy
by Richard Shotton · 12 Feb 2018 · 184pp · 46,395 words
Licence to be Bad
by Jonathan Aldred · 5 Jun 2019 · 453pp · 111,010 words
How Emotions Are Made: The New Science of the Mind and Brain
by Lisa Feldman Barrett · 6 Mar 2017
The Organized Mind: Thinking Straight in the Age of Information Overload
by Daniel J. Levitin · 18 Aug 2014 · 685pp · 203,949 words
The Alternative: How to Build a Just Economy
by Nick Romeo · 15 Jan 2024 · 343pp · 103,376 words
JavaScript & jQuery: The Missing Manual
by David Sawyer McFarland · 28 Oct 2011 · 924pp · 196,343 words
Stubborn Attachments: A Vision for a Society of Free, Prosperous, and Responsible Individuals
by Tyler Cowen · 15 Oct 2018 · 140pp · 42,194 words
Cogs and Monsters: What Economics Is, and What It Should Be
by Diane Coyle · 11 Oct 2021 · 305pp · 75,697 words
A Culture of Growth: The Origins of the Modern Economy
by Joel Mokyr · 8 Jan 2016 · 687pp · 189,243 words
Bad Pharma: How Medicine Is Broken, and How We Can Fix It
by Ben Goldacre · 1 Jan 2012 · 402pp · 129,876 words
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
by Nir Eyal · 26 Dec 2013 · 199pp · 43,653 words
Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge
by Cass R. Sunstein · 23 Aug 2006
The Problem of Political Authority: An Examination of the Right to Coerce and the Duty to Obey
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Nobody's Fool: Why We Get Taken in and What We Can Do About It
by Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris · 10 Jul 2023 · 338pp · 104,815 words
What We Owe the Future: A Million-Year View
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The Inner Lives of Markets: How People Shape Them—And They Shape Us
by Tim Sullivan · 6 Jun 2016 · 252pp · 73,131 words
The Gone Fishin' Portfolio: Get Wise, Get Wealthy...and Get on With Your Life
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Think Twice: Harnessing the Power of Counterintuition
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Lessons-Learned-in-Software-Testing-A-Context-Driven-Approach
by Anson-QA
How to Read Numbers: A Guide to Statistics in the News (And Knowing When to Trust Them)
by Tom Chivers and David Chivers · 18 Mar 2021 · 172pp · 51,837 words