by Edwin Black · 30 Jun 2001 · 735pp · 214,791 words
blood, regardless of their assimilation, intermarriage, religious activity, or even conversion to Christianity. Only after Jews were identified could they be targeted for asset confiscation, ghettoization, deportation, and ultimately extermination. To search generations of communal, church, and governmental records all across Germany—and later throughout Europe—was a cross-indexing task
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” in Germany proper, add Jews of any definition in the new territories of the expanded Reich, and locate each individual before being ghettoized or subjected to other action. Indeed the ghettoization decrees had begun that very month. In addition, Germany was preparing for all-out war and without the census, it could
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have to wait. For example, municipal officials throughout Saxony asked their regional statistical offices if they could examine the census data first to speed their ghettoization and confiscation campaigns. But the Reich Statistical Office in Berlin said no. Greater priority was granted to the SD and Adolf Eichmann’s Referat II
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across the Continent. The Jews were running out of refuges. One overrun sanctuary after another slid back into the familiar nightmare of registration, confiscation, and ghettoization. No sooner did the Swastika flag of occupation unfurl, than the anti-Semitic decrees rolled out. Eastern European countries not yet conquered emulated the pattern
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tongue over column 28; columns 49–60 were left empty. Coal survey cards listed sources, grades, and carloads. LuftwaVe cards listed bombing runs by pilots. Ghettoization registration cards listed Jews block by block. Railroad punch cards listed cities along a route, schedule information, and the freight being hauled—whatever that freight
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Romania under Gestapo instruction. British bombs hailed onto Berlin. Jews were entering the first phases of persecution in Nazi-dominated Vichy France and being tragically ghettoized and enslaved elsewhere. Moreover, if Roosevelt declared war, no one could even imagine the fate of Americans trapped in Nazi-controlled land.83 Although a
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torrent of anti-Semitic decrees. Veesenmayer described the progress as one of “unusual rapidity under local conditions.”143 A few weeks later, with confiscation and ghettoization nearly complete, the deportations began. Veesenmayer divided Hungary into five zones, plus Budapest. But Zone 1, the Carpathians, required a full seven weeks to empty
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numerically even if the count was approximate. It was quite another to track them month in and month out, and organize them centrally for either ghettoization or deportation. With a Hollerith, that diverse information would be sorted, tallied, and summarized to yield the desired results. But rather than compile information in
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its sweeping occupational and social expulsions, to a net of ancestral tracings, to the Nuremberg definitions of 1935, to the confiscations, and finally to the ghettoizations, it was the codes that branded the individual and sealed his destiny. Each code was a brick in an inescapable wall of data. Trapped by
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’s every move. When enslaved Jews in work camps were about to be killed, their cards were taken—they no longer needed one.89 When ghettoized Jews were selected for deportation, and dispatched by Hollerith-scheduled trains to killing stations in Poland, they received no cards. Their names were not printed
by Charles Emmerson · 14 Oct 2019 · 950pp · 297,713 words
a meat-packing plant are beaten up as they leave work. Whites move out of the neighbourhoods where black families move in. The city is ghettoised. One Sunday in July, the tensions explode. In the course of a sweltering day, a string of assaults take place. White youths in a Ford
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wrong to suggest that two individuals, of whatever race, may not marry if they so desire. A creed of race separateness can only lead to ghettoisation. It encourages the awful rise of the Ku Klux Klan. It encourages Garvey. ‘The day black men love black men simply because they are black
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met. Du Bois hears the same dismal message from all over the world, he writes: the warning that race war is inevitable and that segregation, ghettoisation, emigration and separation is the future. Racism has always been there, but now new and dangerous theories of race have arisen, to be exploited by
by Ilan Pappé, Noam Chomsky and Frank Barat · 9 Nov 2010 · 279pp · 72,659 words
ONE-STATE MOVEMENT: A TROUBLED HISTORY A TROUBLED HISTORY RESELLING THE PAST DECONSTRUCTING THE PEACE PROCESS PREPARING FOR THE FUTURE: THE MODULAR MODEL SIX - THE GHETTOIZATION OF PALESTINE: A DIALOGUE WITH ILAN PAPPÉ AND NOAM CHOMSKY SEVEN - THE KILLING FIELDS OF GAZA 2004-2009 MOVING TO A NEW STRATEGY, 2000-2005
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about what had been really taking place in this part of the Middle East. Noam, Ilan, and I worked on the dialogue, now titled “The Ghettoization of Palestine,” again, gave it more insight, edited some questions, and added new ones. Ilan additionally contributed several articles addressing various crucial aspects of the
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Israel. Activism, scholarship, dissemination of information, persuasion, protest, and solidarity are the most powerful weapons powerless people have. Let us use them wisely. SIX THE GHETTOIZATION OF PALESTINE: A DIALOGUE WITH ILAN PAPPÉ AND NOAM CHOMSKY First, are you working on something at the moment that you would like to let
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a better solution, then the area could be managed the way Palestinians are treated in the West Bank. Should they resist, as indeed they did, ghettoization and strangulation, then the policy of “punitive” actions would continue. The inhuman living conditions in the Strip disabled the people who lived there from reconciling
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, which had to be managed ruthlessly one way or another. Thus, the ghettoization of the Palestinians in Gaza did not reap any dividends. The ghettoized community continued to express its will for life by firing primitive missiles into Israel. Ghettoizing or quarantining unwanted communities, even if they were regarded as dangerous, has never
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Peres, Now and Tomorrow (Tel-Aviv: Mabat Books, 1978), 20. 9 See David Landau, “Maximum Jews, Minimum Arabs,” Haaretz, November 13, 2003. CHAPTER SIX: THE GHETTOIZATION OF PALESTINE 1 “UN Expert: Palestinian Terror ‘Inevitable’ Result of Occupation,” Associated Press, November 15, 2009, www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/958358.html; “Situation in
by Nesrine Malik · 4 Sep 2019
white monopoly on the means of cultural production. The very origin of the identity politics movement was an effort to find common cause, rather than ghettoise demands for equality. The history of the term ‘identity politics’ and how it was first used illustrates how much it has been corrupted and deliberately
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bank, as Lola and her fellow students tried to do at Cambridge University, is met with resistance. Ferguson also has strong views on #MeToo. The ghettoisation of women or people of colour in ‘their lane’ in publishing and journalism is not an issue for him. If one is ‘an’ authority, they
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chart did not include any writers who weren’t white. In the UK, the Writing the Future research reported in 2015 on the effect of ghettoising minority voices in either confessional non-fiction or literary fiction about race or colonialism. The result is an under representation of black and ethnic minority
by Yossi Klein Halevi · 13 Nov 1995 · 309pp · 92,846 words
America, the Soviet Union and throughout the Diaspora—rejected assimilation and adopted a Jewish identity. My journey worked differently: from the heart of Jewish self-ghettoization to an attempt to make peace with the world, embracing not only my Jewish identity but also my place within humanity. For many Holocaust survivors
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danger. BTA was modern Orthodox. Its main premise was that an Orthodox Jew could enter “the world” by becoming a professional, yet still remain mentally ghettoized. Unlike students at ultra-Orthodox yeshivas, we were permitted to go to movies and basketball games, to watch Gentiles from a distance; but actually fraternizing
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was secretly grateful to Hitler. Only Israel’s existence, our antidote to the Holocaust, had prevented most Jews from rejecting the world in bitter self-ghettoization. But now the pretense of normalcy was over. There could be no crueler irony for Jews than transforming Israel into a ghetto. Inevitably, the suppressed
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while their torsos grew to normal size; heads, placed in hourglasses, adapted to the shape of the curves. We too were being transformed into freaks—ghettoized and demonized, until we turned grotesque with rage. During a hospital visit to Larry Berger, I met my cousin Yossi, who was also visiting a
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. According to Kahane, the chosen people had to be kept in splendid isolation, consecrated to God and protected from the spiritually polluting goyim. If we ghettoized ourselves, God would protect us from our enemies. But the more we tried to assimilate among the goyim, the more contempt they would show us
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’t enough to destroy the Jews; first they had to be degraded, transformed into living exhibits of the absence of soul. The process began with ghettoization: a controlled experiment meant to turn those who rejected the notion of animal man into animals themselves. Education and prayer became capital crimes; a Jew
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the vitality she craved. If our relationship led to any assimilating, I assumed it would be Lynn assimilating into Judaism. I rejected Borough Park’s ghettoization, the notion that Judaism was so fragile it would dissolve in any encounter with “the world”—an unworthy fear for a culture that had passed
by Gardner Thompson · 427pp · 114,531 words
presents these Jewish communities, over many centuries, as uniformly powerless and constantly subjected to persecution. There were, of course, some solid grounds for this view. Ghettoisation is a historical fact, as are innumerable episodes of persecution (and apprehension of persecution, even in its absence). The pogroms in Russia, where so many
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United Kingdom, 145 Germany, 70, 71, 73, 100, 139, 237 Jews in, 6–7, 8 see also Nazi Germany ghetto, 10, 14, 16, 89, 91 ghettoisation, 46 Golan Heights, 261, 273, 274–5, 282 Goldie, Annabel MacNicoll, Baroness, xiv–xv Great Powers, 13, 16, 29, 33, 34, 38, 40, 283 Greece
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solution’, xiii, 271 UNSCOP, 227, 262, 263 PEF (Palestine Exploration Fund), 54 Peres, Shimon, 27, 50, 52 persecution, 5, 35, 40, 43, 209, 295, 298 ghettoisation, 46 Nazi persecution, 211, 218 Zionism and, 46–7, 52, 108 Persian Gulf, 62, 66, 68 PFLP (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine), 275
by Sugrue, Thomas J.
of segregation that barely changed between the 1940s and the present. Segregated housing compounded the urban crisis. The combination of deindustrialization, white flight, and hardening ghettoization proved devastating. Residence in the inner city became a self-perpetuating stigma. Increasing joblessness, and the decaying infrastructure of inner-city neighborhoods, reinforced white stereotypes
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a spatial definition. The physical state of African American neighborhoods and white neighborhoods in Detroit reinforced perceptions of race. The completeness of racial segregation made ghettoization seem an inevitable, natural consequence of profound racial differences. The barriers that kept blacks confined to racially isolated, deteriorating, inner-city neighborhoods were largely invisible
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. The result was detrimental to all concerned. Members of a group representing apartment dwellers in a West Side neighborhood described the self-perpetuating cycle of ghettoization: “When apartment buildings are poorly maintained, the whole neighborhood is downgraded. When rents are exorbitant, people cannot long afford to pay; this leads to a
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new residents in the 1940s. Living conditions in the center city, never good, deteriorated rapidly. Civil rights and welfare advocates lamented the disruptions wrought by ghettoization. The housing shortage, wrote NAACP officials, led to “serious congestion and overcrowding” and “ill health, delinquency, unrest, distrust, and disunity within the community.”79 Black
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of the city, unless they were living-in servants. But to describe the experience of blacks after World War II as a single process of “ghettoization” is to simplify a complex reality. Within the constraints of the limited housing market, Detroit’s blacks created distinct subcommunities. The universality of the experience
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and Social Science 501 (1989): 26–47, and other articles by Kasarda. For authors who emphasize race, see Massey and Denton, American Apartheid; Gary Orfield, “Ghettoization and Its Alternatives,” in Peterson, The New Urban Reality, 161–96, and “Separate Societies: Have the Kerner Warnings Come True?” in Quiet Riots: Race and
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); Arnold R. Hirsch, “With or Without Jim Crow: Black Residential Segregation in the United States,” in Hirsch and Mohl, Urban Policy, 65–99; Gary Orfield, “Ghettoization and Its Alternatives,” in The New Urban Reality, ed. Paul E. Peterson (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1985), 161–93. On class segregation, see
by John Boughton · 14 May 2018 · 325pp · 89,374 words
in urban centres across the country. An agonised inquest followed, but one ready response among Conservative politicians such as Iain Duncan Smith was to blame ‘ghettoised’ council estates.34 The analysis was reprised by Cameron as he launched his ‘blitz’ on poverty: The riots of 2011 didn’t emerge from within
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to those politicians seeking not only a scapegoat to blame for social disorder but an opportunity for a little real estate redevelopment. The charge of ‘ghettoisation’ has greater weight but it contains both a truth – as the preceding pages have demonstrated – and a further simplification. Social housing estates may well be
by Richard Sennett · 9 Apr 2018
built form is the containing wall. Water made the isolating wall around the islanded Jews then, just as now the ‘security’ fence made of steel ghettoizes Palestinians. But exclusion of an Other who is nonetheless needed in the city makes this kind of construction not so straightforward; the wall can enable
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Jews, nor share a common culture, and the doctrinal differences between them were great. Levantine Jews in turn were composed of several schismatic sects. Once ghettoized, constrained to live in the same space, they had to learn how to mix with one another, and to live together. In part, this involved
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faith no matter where they lived. Now ‘being Jewish’ became a shared spatial identity, even as Judaism continued to divide Jews religiously. The circumstances of ghettoization forced upon the Venetian Jews a necessary fiction – that of speaking with one voice. The space of the ghetto forced on them habits shared in
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outside the Périphérique in Paris: places which concentrate blacks or Muslims in a bare and bleak form of dwelling. The Christian authorities in Venice justified ghettoizing Jews in the name of their own security, since the Jews were seen as impure beings physically as well as morally – Jews were thought to
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among the excluded themselves a kind of neighbourliness which did not unify them. In terms of class today, close-up, invidious comparisons coexist with a ghettoized ville. In a mixed community, the rituals of getting along sacrifice truth for trust. There is, unfortunately, a simple, perverse way to lighten the weight
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thin, and so people were obliged to trudge long hours up and down the mountainside in search of it. Yet people’s outlook could remain ghettoized. In just the same way, in New York up to the Second World War, many elderly Italians seldom left their communities mentally, save for men
by Gil Troy · 14 Apr 2018 · 649pp · 185,618 words
and the moshav championed rebuilding the Jewish self by working the land. Thinkers such as A. D. Gordon and Berl Katznelson grounded the intellectual, urbanized, ghettoized European Jew in the challenging practicalities of agriculture, while injecting dollops of Marxism and universalism. Although passionately secular, Labor Zionism fostered an enduring love for
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slogan “The land of people for the people of Israel according to the Torah of Israel,” Berlin envisioned a truly Jewish state that did not ghettoize religion. Instead, the “spirit of Torah” would resonate “in the thoroughfare, on the street, upon the masses and within the state.” After a decade of
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of Israel marks the repudiation of the hal’akhic ghetto as the means for guarding Jewish survival in history. Israel not only argues against the ghettoization of Judaism, but is also a rejection of the mistaken universalism that characterized the assimilationist tendencies that affected many Jews as a result of the
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