gunboat diplomacy

Fortune's Bazaar: the Making of Hong Kong: The Making of Hong Kong

by Vaudine England  · 16 May 2023  · 308pp  · 122,100 words

barely understood its environment, and faced continuing conflict with China and high rates of crime and piracy on the seas in and around Hong Kong. Gunboat diplomacy had broken down China’s barriers against foreign trade but had not allowed much time for anyone in London to think about how to rule

Indelible City: Dispossession and Defiance in Hong Kong

by Louisa Lim  · 19 Apr 2022

legions of Chinese schoolchildren. This version has Hong Kong as Chinese soil from time immemorial until it was snatched away by imperial aggressors who used gunboat diplomacy to enforce an “unequal treaty” that was never seen as valid by the Qing dynasty. That’s the context underpinning the story I stumbled across

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Kong was a moneymaker, a “future Great Emporium of Commerce and Wealth.” But in Beijing, the Nanjing Treaty was the first “unequal treaty” imposed by gunboat diplomacy, and the loss of Hong Kong marked the start of China’s century and a half of humiliation by foreign powers, a matter of national

The Internationalists: How a Radical Plan to Outlaw War Remade the World

by Oona A. Hathaway and Scott J. Shapiro  · 11 Sep 2017  · 850pp  · 224,533 words

, the one in which we now live, is a photo negative of the old one. The Old World Order had rules governing conquest, criminal liability, gunboat diplomacy, and neutrality. The New World Order has rules for all these, too, except they are precisely the opposite. In the New World Order, aggressive wars

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illegal. And because aggressive wars are illegal, states no longer have the right to conquer other states; waging an aggressive war is a grave crime; gunboat diplomacy is no longer legitimate; and economic sanctions are not only legal, but the standard way in which international law is enforced. The New World Order

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agreement was a just cause for war. In the Old World Order, states were empowered to practice what today we call by the derogatory term “gunboat diplomacy.” Though gunboats were often used to coerce agreements from weaker states—the Dutch Republic established its empire in the seventeenth century by using warships of

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of self-mutilation, “the victim not only gave his assent for the operation; he was persuaded to wield the knife himself.”98 Though the term “gunboat diplomacy” is often used whenever one state makes a military threat against another state, we use the term more narrowly to refer to its use or

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signed with menacing gunboats in the harbor, or troops amassed on the border, were legally valid.99 The Old World Order accepted the legitimacy of gunboat diplomacy because it accepted the legitimacy of war. It would be absurd, after all, to give a state the right to use force to gain compensation

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those who are engaged in war, victims and nonvictims alike, have a license to kill. Grotius did not invent conquest, criminal immunity for waging war, gunboat diplomacy, or the idea of neutrality as impartiality. He was building on the intuitions and works of those who came before him and articulated similar thoughts

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country. Japan’s extreme isolationism was not just a lost opportunity; it was actively harming U.S. citizens—giving Congress another reason to act.15 GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY In 1852, Congress charged Commodore Matthew Perry with leading an expedition to Japan to secure a treaty of amity and commerce. Although he would turn

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the Japanese reflected this view precisely: “No nation has the right to refuse to hold intercourse with others.”36 In the Old World Order, moreover, gunboat diplomacy of the kind Perry threatened was routine. After all—as the East Indian potentates learned in the seventeenth century and the Sioux Indians learned in

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much to describe this transformation. But there was still more to be worked out. Now that threats of force were illegal, what would become of gunboat diplomacy? And if force could not be used to enforce a treaty, how would treaties be enforced? How would any international law—including the prohibition on

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Commission whose charge from the U.N. General Assembly was nothing less than working out the new rules of the international system. THE DEMISE OF GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY Lauterpacht accepted his election to the International Law Commission. He thought it would offer “a great opportunity to do a thing of enduring value.”19

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position was revolutionary. Just over two decades earlier, in a book published in 1927, a year before the Pact was signed, Lauterpacht had recognized that gunboat diplomacy, though deplorable, was legally effective: “The special structure of international law deprives the conception of a treaty of one of the essential elements of contract

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put it at the opening of the book, a photo negative of the Old World Order. Grotius’s system had rules governing conquest, criminal liability, gunboat diplomacy, and neutrality. As we can see in the figure below, Lauterpacht’s rules were the same as Grotius’s except in one simple respect: They

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. The Allies did not simply return land they won by force. They also prosecuted Axis leaders for waging a war of aggression. They also rejected gunboat diplomacy. They also altered the rules of neutrality giving states the right to impose economic sanctions against aggressors. And they also built a network of institutions

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from using force to vindicate their own rights (except in cases of self-defense). States can refuse to join treaties with other states. After all, gunboat diplomacy is no longer allowed. Once states join a treaty, moreover, they might even refuse to comply. As opposed to the Old World Order, where a

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World Order had given way to the New World Order, with all that the outlawry of war implies. Today conquest has largely ended, as has gunboat diplomacy. The crime of aggressive war, once a logical impossibility, is now one of the four crimes that can be prosecuted before the International Criminal Court

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be hampered.” DJB, 3.17.3.1 Grotius believed that in clear cases the duty of impartiality did not apply, unlike the rules of conquest, gunboat diplomacy, and the license to kill, which did, largely because state practice had not yet developed imposing such a duty. See ibid., 3.1.5.5

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, 409, 410, 417, 437n, 441n, 442n, 443n, 449n, 454n, 455n, 460n, 462n, 481n, 527n Group of 8 (G-8), 390–91 Gulf War, 332, 387 gunboat diplomacy, xvii, 51, 96, 97, 134–38, 149, 181, 300, 301–3, 304, 332, 370, 460n, 478n–79n, 480n, 481n Gunjin chokuyu (Imperial Rescript to Soldiers

A Pipeline Runs Through It: The Story of Oil From Ancient Times to the First World War

by Keith Fisher  · 3 Aug 2022

at Chinkiang (Zhenjiang), but after the US Navy paid a visit the Chinese officials became more accommodating. The naval commander recorded this successful exercise of ‘gunboat diplomacy’: The unexpected appearance of our three vessels and the uncertainty as to their intentions were sufficient … and the representative of the Standard Oil Company is

Fateful Triangle: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinians (Updated Edition) (South End Press Classics Series)

by Noam Chomsky  · 1 Apr 1999

nations, like insignificant people, can quickly experience delusions of significance,” which must be driven from their primitive minds by force: “In truth, the days of ‘gunboat diplomacy’ are never over... Gunboats are as necessary for international order as police cars are for domestic order.” The sentiments are not original, of course. Fifty

The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict From 1500 to 2000

by Paul Kennedy  · 15 Jan 1989  · 1,477pp  · 311,310 words

nuclear forces—so that it achieved a rough strategic parity—and to its navy, which in these years emerged as a major force in global gunboat diplomacy; and this increasing imbalance was worsened by the American electorate’s turn against military expenditures for most of the 1970s. In 1978, “national security expenditures

The Economic Weapon

by Nicholas Mulder  · 15 Mar 2021

sympathetic to Anglo-American naval power, he was initially hesitant about economic pressure because he identified it with a long history of European imperialism and gunboat diplomacy.76 Wilson saw the 1902–1903 Anglo-German pacific blockade of Venezuela as a violent European intrusion into a Western Hemisphere kept peaceful by the

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to execute their obligations or their commitments.”35 While Seydoux was right that such measures had been used in preceding decades, this logic blithely extended gunboat diplomacy from the semi-colonial periphery to Europe itself. Such desires to “Ottomanize” Germany were by no means restricted to France, a long-standing rival of

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relation to lands inhabited by Greeks, it is not difficult to see why Italians felt entitled to shell and seize Corfu in a display of gunboat diplomacy. Italian elite and public opinion saw the bombardment and occupation of a Greek island as a perfectly proportional response to the injury the country had

Destined for War: America, China, and Thucydides's Trap

by Graham Allison  · 29 May 2017  · 518pp  · 128,324 words

debate the canal, but to debate me.”49 Critics accused him of manufacturing a revolution to seize part of Colombia in a shameful episode of gunboat diplomacy. Roosevelt was unapologetic, declaring that “by far the most important action I took in foreign affairs during the time I was president related to the

The Despot's Accomplice: How the West Is Aiding and Abetting the Decline of Democracy

by Brian Klaas  · 15 Mar 2017

Mogadishu, Clinton’s administration was eager to avoid another foreign policy disaster—if it could be avoided. â•… In a late-twentieth-century version of gunboat diplomacy, Clinton deployed massive warships and parked them just off Haiti’s shoreline. The maneuver was aptly titled “Operation Uphold Democracy” for maximum propaganda effect. As

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intervention in Haiti was nonetheless problematic, for several reasons. The financial incentives were likely too generous given Cédras’ crimes; the United States’ application of unilateral gunboat diplomacy set a dangerous precedent of introducing geopolitical considerations into such interventions (though it was at least bolstered by the veneer of multilateralism under a UN

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of power with the aim of holding quick but credible elections. â•… Admittedly, the Haiti intervention was made possible, at least in part, by American gunboat diplomacy. It was a lot easier for Jimmy Carter and Colin Powell to play “good cop/bad cop” with warships virtually casting shadows on the Haitian

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, 20, 21, 22, 27–30, 31, 156, 230 Green Revolution (2009), 135–6, 166–8 gridlock, 184–5, 187 Guardian, 166 gun regulation, 186–7 gunboat diplomacy, 116, 118, 120 Gutiérrez, Luis, 182 Guyana, 171, 220 Guys and Dolls, 40 Hague, William, 77 Haiti, 114–21 Hamas, 99–104, 241 Harmodius, 28

Pirates and Emperors, Old and New

by Noam Chomsky  · 7 Apr 2015

experience delusions of significance,” he explained. And when they do, these delusions must be driven from their minds by force: “In truth, the days of ‘gunboat diplomacy’ are never over . . . Gunboats are as necessary for international order as police cars are for domestic order.” It presumably follows, then, that the U.S

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consistently ignored in the extensive literature on the topic. Even in the most loyal client-states the bombing was condemned as a reversion to traditional gunboat diplomacy “cloaked in moralistic righteousness” in the traditional fashion (the respected Israeli military analyst Amos Gilboa, by no means an isolated voice).22 Americans are carefully

The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance

by Ron Chernow  · 1 Jan 1990  · 1,335pp  · 336,772 words

The Secret World: A History of Intelligence

by Christopher Andrew  · 27 Jun 2018

The Oil Kings: How the U.S., Iran, and Saudi Arabia Changed the Balance of Power in the Middle East

by Andrew Scott Cooper  · 8 Aug 2011

Liberalism at Large: The World According to the Economist

by Alex Zevin  · 12 Nov 2019  · 767pp  · 208,933 words

The Future Is Asian

by Parag Khanna  · 5 Feb 2019  · 496pp  · 131,938 words

Jerusalem: The Biography

by Simon Sebag-Montefiore  · 27 Jan 2011  · 1,364pp  · 272,257 words

The River at the Centre of the World

by Simon Winchester  · 1 Jan 1996  · 498pp  · 153,927 words

The Tragedy of Great Power Politics

by John J. Mearsheimer  · 1 Jan 2001  · 637pp  · 199,158 words

The Great Game: On Secret Service in High Asia

by Peter Hopkirk  · 2 Jan 1991  · 580pp  · 194,144 words

Dereliction of Duty: Johnson, McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam

by H. R. McMaster  · 7 May 1998  · 615pp  · 175,905 words

Checkmate in Berlin: The Cold War Showdown That Shaped the Modern World

by Giles Milton  · 26 May 2021

Reaganland: America's Right Turn 1976-1980

by Rick Perlstein  · 17 Aug 2020

Becoming Kim Jong Un: A Former CIA Officer's Insights Into North Korea's Enigmatic Young Dictator

by Jung H. Pak  · 14 Apr 2020  · 395pp  · 103,437 words

Killing Hope: Us Military and Cia Interventions Since World War 2

by William Blum  · 15 Jan 2003

Losing Control: The Emerging Threats to Western Prosperity

by Stephen D. King  · 14 Jun 2010  · 561pp  · 87,892 words

Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World

by Niall Ferguson  · 1 Jan 2002  · 469pp  · 146,487 words

Propaganda and the Public Mind

by Noam Chomsky and David Barsamian  · 31 Mar 2015

Post Wall: Rebuilding the World After 1989

by Kristina Spohr  · 23 Sep 2019  · 1,123pp  · 328,357 words

In Spite of the Gods: The Rise of Modern India

by Edward Luce  · 23 Aug 2006  · 403pp  · 132,736 words

Heaven's Command (Pax Britannica)

by Jan Morris  · 22 Dec 2010  · 699pp  · 192,704 words

Making the Future: The Unipolar Imperial Moment

by Noam Chomsky  · 15 Mar 2010  · 258pp  · 63,367 words

Britain at Bay: The Epic Story of the Second World War: 1938-1941

by Alan Allport  · 2 Sep 2020  · 1,520pp  · 221,543 words

Empires of the Weak: The Real Story of European Expansion and the Creation of the New World Order

by Jason Sharman  · 5 Feb 2019  · 265pp  · 71,143 words

The Cold War

by Robert Cowley  · 5 May 1992  · 546pp  · 176,169 words

Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance

by Noam Chomsky  · 1 Jan 2003  · 351pp  · 96,780 words

Flight of the WASP

by Michael Gross  · 562pp  · 177,195 words

The Grand Scuttle

by Dan Van der Vat  · 266pp  · 87,456 words

Prisoners of Geography: Ten Maps That Explain Everything About the World (Politics of Place)

by Tim Marshall  · 10 Oct 2016  · 306pp  · 79,537 words

Endless Money: The Moral Hazards of Socialism

by William Baker and Addison Wiggin  · 2 Nov 2009  · 444pp  · 151,136 words

Pocket Rough Guide Hong Kong & Macau

by Rough Guides  · 18 Jul 2024

How to Hide an Empire: A History of the Greater United States

by Daniel Immerwahr  · 19 Feb 2019

Horizons: The Global Origins of Modern Science

by James Poskett  · 22 Mar 2022  · 564pp  · 168,696 words

The Defence of the Realm

by Christopher Andrew  · 2 Aug 2010  · 1,744pp  · 458,385 words

The Vietnam War: An Intimate History

by Geoffrey C. Ward and Ken Burns  · 4 Sep 2017  · 1,433pp  · 315,911 words

The Age of Illusions: How America Squandered Its Cold War Victory

by Andrew J. Bacevich  · 7 Jan 2020  · 254pp  · 68,133 words

The Age of Turbulence: Adventures in a New World (Hardback) - Common

by Alan Greenspan  · 14 Jun 2007

The Party: The Secret World of China's Communist Rulers

by Richard McGregor  · 8 Jun 2010

The Brilliant Disaster: JFK, Castro, and America's Doomed Invasion of Cuba's Bay of Pigs

by Jim Rasenberger  · 4 Apr 2011  · 742pp  · 202,902 words

The Mutant Project: Inside the Global Race to Genetically Modify Humans

by Eben Kirksey  · 10 Nov 2020  · 599pp  · 98,564 words

The Rough Guide to Korea

by Rough Guides  · 24 Sep 2018  · 712pp  · 199,112 words

Collision Course: Carlos Ghosn and the Culture Wars That Upended an Auto Empire

by Hans Gremeil and William Sposato  · 15 Dec 2021  · 404pp  · 126,447 words

Worth Dying For: The Power and Politics of Flags

by Tim Marshall  · 21 Sep 2016  · 276pp  · 78,061 words

The Glass Half-Empty: Debunking the Myth of Progress in the Twenty-First Century

by Rodrigo Aguilera  · 10 Mar 2020  · 356pp  · 106,161 words

A Pelican Introduction Economics: A User's Guide

by Ha-Joon Chang  · 26 May 2014  · 385pp  · 111,807 words

Distrust That Particular Flavor

by William Gibson  · 3 Jan 2012  · 153pp  · 45,871 words

The Great Race: The Global Quest for the Car of the Future

by Levi Tillemann  · 20 Jan 2015  · 431pp  · 107,868 words

Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth

by Margaret Atwood  · 15 Mar 2007

A Voyage Long and Strange: On the Trail of Vikings, Conquistadors, Lost Colonists, and Other Adventurers in Early America

by Tony Horwitz  · 1 Jan 2008

How Markets Fail: The Logic of Economic Calamities

by John Cassidy  · 10 Nov 2009  · 545pp  · 137,789 words

Great American Hypocrites: Toppling the Big Myths of Republican Politics

by Glenn Greenwald  · 14 Apr 2008  · 286pp  · 79,601 words

To the Ends of the Earth: Scotland's Global Diaspora, 1750-2010

by T M Devine  · 25 Aug 2011

Living in a Material World: The Commodity Connection

by Kevin Morrison  · 15 Jul 2008  · 311pp  · 17,232 words

To the Edge of the World: The Story of the Trans-Siberian Express, the World's Greatest Railroad

by Christian Wolmar  · 4 Aug 2014  · 323pp  · 94,406 words

Infinite Detail

by Tim Maughan  · 1 Apr 2019  · 303pp  · 81,071 words

The Rough Guide to Brazil

by Rough Guides  · 22 Sep 2018

The Rough Guide to Seoul

by Rough Guides  · 26 Sep 2018  · 305pp  · 87,259 words