by Sugrue, Thomas J.
4.2 Black Workers in Selected Detroit-Area Steel Plants, 1965 4.3 Black Enrollment in Apprenticeship Programs in Detroit, 1957–1966 5.1 Automation-Related Job Loss at Detroit-Area Ford Plants, 1951–1953 5.2 Decline in Manufacturing Employment in Detroit, 1947–1977 5.3 Percentage of Men between Ages
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improve working conditions, reduce hours, and improve workplace safety. It was simply “a better way to do the job.”16 Certainly automated production replaced some of the more dangerous and onerous factory jobs. At Ford, automation eliminated “mankilling,” a task that demanded high speed and involved tremendous risk. “Mankilling” required a worker to remove
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quench tank, all within several seconds. In Ford’s stamping plants, new machines loaded and unloaded presses, another relatively slow, unsafe, and physically demanding job before automation. Here automation offered real benefits to workers.17 5.2. When Ford introduced automated assembly lines in its newly opened Lima, Ohio plant in 1954, it
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1953 and 1955, when Ford announced the construction of new engine production facilities at Brookpark Village, Ohio, and in Lima, Ohio.23 The effects of automation on job opportunities in communities like Detroit were a well-guarded corporate secret. Responding to labor union criticism of automation, employers downplayed the possibility of significant
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job loss. When Ford began automating and decentralizing the Rouge plant, John Bugas, Ford’s vice president for industrial relations, told workers that they had nothing to fear. “I
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employees in the Rouge operations resulting from the building of new facilities will be substantial.” Ford labor relations official Manton Cummins dismissed claims that automation led to job loss as a union-led “scare campaign.” Yet the only detailed statistics on automation and its effects on employment, a UAW-sponsored study of
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campaigns, industry publications like Automation magazine argued that automation reduced labor costs, but by the mid-1950s, they seldom raised labor as a rationale, because automation’s effect on jobs had become a sensitive political issue. Instead, the magazine’s editors went on the defensive against charges that
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automation led to job loss. In February 1960, for example, the magazine noted that “lest anyone be deluded into thinking of [the Plymouth Detroit assembly plant] as a workerless
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there would be “no direct way I can imagine to avoid by private means the dislocations that come from technological obsolescence.”26 TABLE 5.1 Automation-Related Job Loss at Detroit-Area Ford Plants, 1951–1953 General Motors Vice President Louis Seaton was even more sanguine than Ford, but more disingenuous. He
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that the number of auto industry jobs nationwide would fall because of automation. Some economists argued that over the long run, the introduction of automated processes would increase jobs nationwide. Aggregate employment statistics, however, masked profound local variation. Local economies in places like Detroit reeled from the consequences of automation-caused plant
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workers. Labor leaders also became staunch advocates of government funding for education and retraining programs to prepare workers for new automated jobs. Contract provisions guaranteed that workers who lost their jobs because of automation would be protected by seniority and transferred to other jobs. Their programs offered remedies for the symptoms of automation, rather
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: Labor and Taxes Automation was not the only force contributing to job loss in Detroit. Smaller firms that did not automate production or suffer automation-related job losses still fled the city in increasing numbers in the 1950s. Labor relations were especially important in motivating firms to relocate outside of Detroit, or
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industries. Thus they were less likely to have accumulated enough seniority to protect their jobs. And because blacks were concentrated in unskilled, dangerous jobs—precisely those affected by automation—they often found that their job classifications had been eliminated altogether.67 By the early 1960s, observers noted that a seemingly permanent class
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and to federal courtrooms. In February 1950, James Simmons, a worker in the Plastics Department at the Rouge, warned that the introduction of automated machinery would put jobs at risk. Simmons saw changes in the Rouge as “part of a pattern that calls for taking these jobs to new unorganized sections of
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cause of unemployment in Detroit. Social service and employment agencies in the city turned their energies toward what they perceived as a growing gap between automated jobs and workers who were so inadequately trained or educated that they could not qualify for those jobs. Black agencies were especially concerned about the effect
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of automation on black job prospects. The Detroit Urban League (DUL) ran the most important black employment agency in the city. From its founding in 1916 through the 1940s
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men held positions as unskilled laborers; three decades later, a mere one in twelve held unskilled jobs. This decline was primarily a consequence of automation: manufacturers eliminated unskilled jobs throughout the period (see Chapter 5). The fraction of blacks employed in the service sector also fell significantly in the postwar period. More
by Calum Chace · 28 Jul 2015 · 144pp · 43,356 words
is transforming so many industries will evolve over the next thirty years. We don’t know whether technological unemployment will be the result of the automation of jobs by AI, or whether humans will find new jobs in the way we have done since the start of the industrial revolution. What is
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analysis to make us more efficient and more effective. But this improvement means change, and change is usually uncomfortable. There are concerns that it is automating our jobs out of existence, and that this will increase rapidly in the coming few years. There are concerns that AI is de-humanising war, and
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people and policy makers with an even bigger concern than digital disruption. It may render most of us unemployed, and indeed unemployable, because our jobs have been automated. Automation Automation has been a feature of human civilisation since at least the early industrial revolution. In the 15th century, Dutch workers threw their shoes into
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individual who was dismissed from a particular job, there was generally the chance to retrain, or find new work elsewhere. The idea that each job lost to automation equates to a person rendered permanently unemployed is known as the Luddite Fallacy. This is unfair to the Luddites, who weren’t advancing a
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were simply protesting about the very real danger of starvation in the short term. It is also not true that Maynard Keynes argued that automation would destroy jobs any time soon. The essay quoted above goes on to say, “But this is only a temporary phase of maladjustment. All this means in
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daily bread, leisure is a longed-for sweet – until they get it.” This time it’s different? Some people argue that soon, people automated out of a job may not find new employment, thanks to the rapid advances in machine learning, and the availability of increasingly powerful and increasingly portable computers. MIT
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job churn or economic singularity If computers steal our old jobs, perhaps we can invent lots of new ones? In the past, people whose jobs were automated turned their hands to more value-adding activity, and the net result was higher overall productivity. The children of people who did back-breaking farm
by Maximilian Kasy · 15 Jan 2025 · 209pp · 63,332 words
might often be quite thin. Office computers might have increased the marginal productivity of high-wage workers, but they also automated away jobs of certain administrative staff. Knitting machines might have automated away the jobs of highly trained artisans, but they increased demand for workers with less training. How should we evaluate such technological
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Prize in Economic Sciences), Larry Katz, and others, technological change has systematically favored workers with higher levels of education, increasing their marginal productivity, while automating away the jobs of workers with lower levels of education, decreasing their marginal productivity. This has led to a widening gap of wages across education groups, and
by Jennifer Breheny Wallace · 13 Jan 2026 · 206pp · 68,830 words
downturn that worsened in the 1990s when environmental protections led to widespread mill closures and high unemployment rates. In the 1990s and 2000s, when manufacturing jobs were automated and offshored, millions of jobs were lost, leaving entire regions struggling with economic decline that persists today. In the early to mid 2010s, coalmining
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, 194 practicing, 126–27 to self, 137–38 teaching, 135–36 work and, 183 Augsburger, David W., 136 Authentic Connections Groups, 76 authentic relationships, 76 automation, job losses from, 165 bailing, 127 Baldwin, James, 74 Banana Cabaret comedy club, 205 Barbershop Books, 222 barbershops, 222–24 Barry-Wehmiller, 194–95 Bates Trucking
by Kai-Fu Lee · 14 Sep 2018 · 307pp · 88,180 words
answers, trying to peer into the future with a mixture of childlike wonder and grown-up worries. We want to know what AI automation will mean for our jobs and for our sense of purpose. We want to know which people and countries will benefit from this tremendous technology. We wonder whether
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. A pair of researchers at Oxford University kicked things off in 2013 with a paper making a dire prediction: 47 percent of U.S. jobs could be automated within the next decade or two. The paper’s authors, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, began by asking machine-learning experts to
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probability model to find what percentage of jobs were at “high risk” (i.e., at least 70 percent of the tasks associated with the job could be automated). As noted, they found that in the United States only 9 percent of workers fell in the high-risk category. Applying that same model
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professional background. Many of the preceding studies were done by economists, whereas I am a technologist and early-stage investor. In predicting what jobs were at risk of automation, economists looked at what tasks a person completed while going about their job and asked whether a machine would be able to complete
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of the world.” This prediction is based on the makeup of China’s workforce, as well as a gut-level intuition about what kinds of jobs become automated. Over one-quarter of Chinese workers are still on farms, with another quarter involved in industrial production. That compares with less than 2 percent
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the recent history of automation. Looking back at the last hundred years of economic evolution, blue-collar workers and farmhands have faced the steepest job losses from physical automation. Industrial and agricultural tools (think forklifts and tractors) greatly increased the productivity of each manual laborer, reducing demand for workers in these sectors
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THE ALGORITHMS AND RISE OF THE ROBOTS This hard reality about algorithms and robots will have profound effects on the sequence of AI-induced job losses. The physical automation of the past century largely hurt blue-collar workers, but the coming decades of intelligent automation will hit white-collar workers first. The
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strike on cognitive labor, robotics’ assault on manual labor is closer to trench warfare. Over the long term, I believe the number of jobs at risk of automation will be similar for China and the United States. American education’s greater emphasis on creativity and interpersonal skills may give it an employment
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work for top performers or low-paying jobs in tough industries. The risk of replacement cited in the earlier figures reflects this. The most difficult jobs to automate—those in the top-right corner of the “Safe Zone”—include both ends of the income spectrum: CEOs and healthcare aides, venture capitalists and
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. In this envisioned world of fluid retraining, unemployed insurance brokers can use online education platforms like Coursera to become software programmers. And when that job becomes automated, they can use those same tools to retrain for a new position that remains out of reach for AI, perhaps as an algorithm engineer or
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build up. Uncertainty over the pace and path of automation makes things even more difficult. Even AI experts have difficulty predicting exactly which jobs will be subject to automation in the coming years. Can we really expect a typical worker choosing a retraining program to accurately predict which jobs will be safe
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’t hold. Blindly pursuing profits without any thought to social impact won’t just be morally dubious; it will be downright dangerous. Fink referenced automation and job retraining multiple times in his letter. As an investor with interests spanning the full breadth of the global economy, he sees that dealing with AI
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.com/research/report/artificial-intelligence-trends-2018/. a dire prediction: Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Automation,” Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment, September 17, 2013, https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/future-of-employment.pdf. just 9 percent
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of jobs: Melanie Arntz, Terry Gregory, and Ulrich Zierahn, “The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis,” OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers, no. 189, May 14, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787
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/5jlz9h56dvq7-en. 38 percent of jobs: Richard Berriman and John Hawksworth, “Will Robots Steal Our Jobs? The Potential Impact of Automation on the UK and Other Major Economies,” PwC, March 2017, https://www.pwc.co.uk/economic-services/ukeo/pwcukeo-section-4-automation-march
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inequality in, 170–72, 200 internet ecosystem of, 24–28, 40, 43–44, 46, 49–50. See also China’s alternate internet universe jobs at risk of automation in, 159–60 low-cost exports and, 146 medical diagnosis in, 114 privacy protection in, 124, 125 reemergence of, 180–81 scarcity mentality, 27
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, 3, 11 traffic accidents in, 101 U.S. competition with. See China and U.S., competition between China and U.S., competition between, 81–103 automation and jobs at risk, 165–67, 168 autonomous AI and, 130–31, 134–36 business AI and, 111–12, 116, 136 China’s advantages in, 14
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and, 106 deep-learning breakthroughs and, 4–5 general purpose technologies (GPTs), 148–55 global economic inequality, 146, 168–70, 172 intelligent vs. physical automation, 167–68 job loss, two kinds of, 162–63 job losses, bottom line, 164–65 job loss studies, 157–61 jobs and inequality crisis, 145–47 machine
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X, 117 iron rice bowl, 67 Italy, 85, 191–92 J Japan, 20, 229 Jesuits, 29 JingChi, 135 Jinri Toutiao. See Toutiao (news platform) job displacement by automation, 160, 162, 204. See also under economy and AI Jobs, Steve, 26, 32, 33, 226 jobs, threat to. See risk-of-replacement graphs; unemployment
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’s hands-off approach, 18, 229 great decoupling and, 150, 202 inequality within, 170–72, 199–200 inheritance of technological skillsets in, 33 jobs at risk of automation in, 157–60, 164 mobile payments in, compared to China, 75–77 privacy protection in, 125 self-driving cars in, 133 spending on research
by Robert Skidelsky Nan Craig · 15 Mar 2020
person services, notably healthcare, care work and so on. How many of these jobs will be created? Why should their number equal the total of jobs automated? For creative industries, a winner-takes-all projection is quite common. Top artists get top pay and ordinary ones get nothing, or almost nothing. The
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that the adoption of the technology itself will in return be mediated, in part, by those attitudes. James Bessen describes the ways in which automation has changed jobs, and in what ways this is likely to continue or develop. He argues that specific jobs or categories of work rarely become obsolete in
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their entirety—rather, they evolve as technology becomes available to automate particular elements of the work. In deciding whether automation creates or destroys jobs, the decisive factor is demand rather than technology. 1 Introduction 5 What are the advantages of technology? Often people say, ‘It is obvious
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a route to a superior ‘post-work’ society (Gorz 1985). Such concerns and hopes have resurfaced in the present, due to predictions of mass job losses via automation (see Spencer 2018). The evolution of machine learning and artificial intelligence, it is claimed, will allow for the replacement of human workers across myriad
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rather than complete automation. Second, partial automation can lead to increases in employment in affected industries as well as decreases. Third, even if automation does not destroy jobs on the net, it will still be highly disruptive because people need to learn new jobs and skills in order to remain employed. First
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, it is important to distinguish between automating a task and automating a job. Jobs involve many different tasks, often very diverse skills. Because of that, it is relatively rare that a job will be completely automated. For instance, I looked at the number of detailed occupations listed in the 1950
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of technological obsolescence, when the industry was replaced. There is no longer ‘telegraph operators’ listed as a category. Only one occupation was completely automated, and that was the job of elevator operator. Now we are seeing machine learning, where we have all these capabilities, where machines can do better than humans on
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truck drivers and warehouse workers are going to be completely automated. Given that most of the automation is partial, we need to recognise that automation can create jobs and, in some cases, will. Even in the affected industries, jobs can increase. Look, for example, at the US textile industry (Bessen 2015, 2019
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). We are accustomed to associating automation with terrible job losses in industries such as textiles and that has been the experience of the last several decades, but it was not the case earlier
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look at the employment of production workers in cotton textiles, the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth century saw a high rate of automation accompanied by rapid job growth. This is an interesting puzzle. What changed here? Demand changed. Because of automation, less labour was required to produce a yard of
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coming along. The general takeaway is that demand matters. Repeatedly over the last 200 years we have had various people concerned about the effect of automation on jobs. These predictions have typically not been borne out. That is not a reason to say that predictions today are necessarily wrong. I think the
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about. References Bessen, J. (2015). Learning by Doing: The Real Connection Between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. Yale University Press. Bessen, J. E. (2016). How Computer Automation Affects Occupations: Technology, Jobs, and Skills. Boston Univ. school of Law, Law and Economics Research Paper, 15–49 Bessen, J. E. (2019 forthcoming
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). Automation and Jobs: When Technology Boosts Employment. Economic Policy. 10 Attitudes to Technology: Part 2 Carl Benedikt Frey I’m going to spend the next 15 minutes of
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a lot of things that require interaction with unstructured environments and irregular objects. For example one of the last things we are likely to automate is the jobs of janitors. In part, we can circumvent some of these bottlenecks by task simplification. For example we didn’t automate the work of laundresses
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electric washing machine, which does an entirely different set of tasks, but still accomplishes the same goal: clean clothing. And similarly, we didn’t automate away the jobs of lamplighters by building robots capable of climbing lamppost. One reason why many commentators u nderestimate 1 Frey and Osborne (2017). 92 C. B
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case. Simplification is mostly how automation happens. As some of you will know, we reached the conclusion that roughly 47 percent of American jobs are exposed to automation in our 2013 paper. Our finding has often been taken to suggest that all of these jobs are going to disappear in a couple
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big data. Now, it has been argued that we shouldn’t worry too much about automation because individual tasks are likely to be automated rather than entire jobs. However, many jobs, like those of elevator operators, lamplighters, switchboard operators, farm labourers, and car washers, just to name a few, have been fully automated
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on paper, the 10 Attitudes to Technology: Part 2 93 implication is not the end of work. One reason is that new jobs and tasks appear as automation progresses. Few of today’s jobs existed in 1750 at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. And job titles like robot engineer, database
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Caused by Automation. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/10/09/most-americanswould-favor-policies-to-limit-job-and-wage-lossescaused-by-automation/ Part IV Possibilities and Limitations for AI: What Can’t Machines Do? 11 What Computers Will Never Be Able To Do Thomas Tozer
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on. In an age of automation, imagine a company boss announcing that ‘this week’s lucky person is Joan Smith in accounts, because her job has been automated’. The lucky winners in this scenario are then given the option of going on permanent leave with a full salary, continuing to do aspects
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, 1, 4, 53–62, 73, 75 Aubrey, 184 Austria, 68, 196 Authenticity, 116 Authority, 120, 165 Automation restrictions on, 95 speed of, 21, 137 task automation vs job automation, 92, 93, 110, 141 Autonomous cars, 114, 115, 118 Autor, David, 59, 126 Autor Levy Murnane (ALM) hypothesis, 126–128, 131 B Bailey
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Organisation (ILO), 193 Internet of Things, 139, 191 Investment in capital, 114 in skills, 70 J Japan, 117 Jensen, C, 55 Job guarantee, 172 Jobs, Steve, 73 Journalism automation of, 118 clickbait, 118 Juries, algorithmic selection of, 150, 153 K Karstgen, Jack, 196 Kasparov, Garry, 91, 112, 129, 130 207 Katz, Lawrence
by Anson-QA
costs are probably the most common problem that automated regression test efforts face. Maintenance costs alone should convince you to mistrust the tales that automation will turn your job into a vacation. Lesson 118: Test automation is a software development process Test automation projects often fail because of a lack of discipline
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a nonprogrammer) and someone else isn't certified but can program, don't be surprised if you're not the one who gets the test automation job. Your certification can carry you only so far. On balance, we think the software testing and software quality certification efforts have been beneficial to the
by Alex Kantrowitz · 6 Apr 2020 · 260pp · 67,823 words
software can watch your screen as you work and, with some labeling, automate your tasks. UiPath and its counterparts are on track to automate work across millions of jobs in the coming years, making the chorus of F-yous a bit jarring. Months before the show, I heard rumblings that UiPath had
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robotics floor from above. In the same time Amazon has added the two hundred thousand robots, it’s added three hundred thousand human jobs. Amazon’s push toward automation may not be sending its associates to the unemployment lines, but it is forcing them to navigate constant change, which can be both
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. “Amazon Scraps Secret AI Recruiting Tool That Showed Bias Against Women.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, October 9, 2018. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-jobs-automation-insight/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK08G. J. Robert Oppenheimer: Ratcliffe, Susan. Oxford Essential Quotations. Oxford, UK: Oxford University
by Gene Sperling · 14 Sep 2020 · 667pp · 149,811 words
significant—estimates of job loss. The OECD estimates that only 9 percent of U.S. jobs are at risk from automation.16 Similarly, analysis by McKinsey & Company found that fewer than 5 percent of jobs could be completely automated.17 My goal is not to litigate which side is right in this ongoing debate
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workers who, through an extensive process, can establish they lost their job due to trade. Yet why should it matter if someone lost their job due to trade, automation, AI, some combination of those factors, or simply changing consumer trends? Our goal should be to help people find a new career, not
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also be more effective if it was available before job loss hit. While regional strategies are critical when there is concentrated geographic job loss, jobs dislocated by automation—such as autonomous cars and trucks—could often be dispersed. A broad UBI to Rise can be helpful to such workers even if their
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not only be looking for every option to help people in the workplace but also be imagining how we can use AI and automation to both create new jobs and better address national challenges. Consider a few ideas. Brynjolfsson often cites Iora Health, winner of MIT’s Inclusive Innovation Challenge—a contest
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people pursue their passions, purpose, and potential. If we prioritize meaningful work, it is also worth considering whether our tax code is actually favoring automation over jobs. Perhaps Bill Gates had not thought through all the policy angles when he floated his much-criticized idea of a “robot tax” in 2017.80
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video, 18:51, November 28, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCxcnUrokJo. 16. Melanie Arntz, Terry Gregory, and Ulrich Zierahn, “The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis,” OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers No. 189 (Paris: OECD Publishing, May 14, 2016), https://www.oecd-ilibrary
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Job,” World Economic Forum, September 26, 2016, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/09/why-automation-doesnt-mean-a-robot-is-going-to-take-your-job. 24. “Automation and Anxiety: Will Smarter Machines Cause Mass Unemployment?” Economist, June 23, 2016, https://www.economist.com/special-report/2016/06/23/automation-and-anxiety
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; and James Bessen, “How Computer Automation Affects Occupations: Technology, Jobs, and Skills,” Vox, September 22, 2016, https://voxeu.org/article/how-computer-automation-affects-occupations. 25. “Automation and Anxiety.” 26. “Belgium—Unemployment,” European
by Arvid Kahl · 24 Jun 2020 · 461pp · 106,027 words
people go out of their way not to do a certain job without describing it as a problem at the same time? Where do people “automate” their jobs with tools that, from your perspective, seem inadequate for the task? Where do they build makeshift solutions? The moment you find people organizing data
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to solve a problem as simple as rebooting a computer. This list also shows that the cost of solving a problem can vary wildly. Automating the job may cost a couple of minutes of your developer's time, but creating the new role of the system administrator to deal with these kinds
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by Tim O'Reilly · 9 Oct 2017 · 561pp · 157,589 words
by Jeremy Rifkin · 31 Mar 2014 · 565pp · 151,129 words
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by Eric S. Raymond · 22 Sep 2003 · 612pp · 187,431 words
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by Robert J. Shiller · 14 Oct 2019 · 611pp · 130,419 words
by Roger Bootle · 4 Sep 2019 · 374pp · 111,284 words
by Wendy Liu · 22 Mar 2020 · 223pp · 71,414 words
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by Thomas L. Friedman and Michael Mandelbaum · 1 Sep 2011 · 441pp · 136,954 words
by Joseph N. Pelton · 5 Nov 2016 · 321pp · 89,109 words
by Kevin Kelly · 6 Jun 2016 · 371pp · 108,317 words
by Lisa Crispin and Tip House · 15 Apr 2003 · 448pp · 84,462 words
by Eric Topol · 1 Jan 2019 · 424pp · 114,905 words
by Thomas L. Friedman · 22 Nov 2016 · 602pp · 177,874 words
by Annie Lowrey · 10 Jul 2018 · 242pp · 73,728 words
by Steven Brill · 28 May 2018 · 519pp · 155,332 words
by Aaron Bastani · 10 Jun 2019 · 280pp · 74,559 words
by Pistono, Federico · 14 Oct 2012 · 245pp · 64,288 words
by Stuart Russell · 7 Oct 2019 · 416pp · 112,268 words
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by Madhumita Murgia · 20 Mar 2024 · 336pp · 91,806 words
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by Chris Anderson · 1 Oct 2012 · 238pp · 73,824 words
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by Andrew Yang · 15 Nov 2021
by Jill Lepore · 14 Sep 2020 · 467pp · 149,632 words
by Paul Mason · 29 Jul 2015 · 378pp · 110,518 words
by Frederik L. Schodt · 31 Mar 1988 · 361pp · 83,886 words
by Alan Berg · 15 Mar 2012 · 372pp · 67,140 words
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by Garry Kasparov · 1 May 2017 · 331pp · 104,366 words
by Dan Lyons · 22 Oct 2018 · 252pp · 78,780 words
by Trey Grainger and Timothy Potter · 14 Sep 2014 · 1,085pp · 219,144 words
by Guy Standing · 13 Jul 2016 · 443pp · 98,113 words
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by Fredrik Erixon and Bjorn Weigel · 3 Oct 2016 · 504pp · 126,835 words
by Philippe van Parijs and Yannick Vanderborght · 20 Mar 2017
by Gregg Easterbrook · 20 Feb 2018 · 424pp · 119,679 words
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by David Reed · 31 Aug 2021 · 168pp · 49,067 words
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by Michael R. Strain · 25 Feb 2020 · 98pp · 27,609 words
by Ian Goldin and Tom Lee-Devlin · 21 Jun 2023 · 248pp · 73,689 words
by Adrian Hon · 5 Oct 2020 · 340pp · 101,675 words
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by Joel Kotkin · 11 May 2020 · 393pp · 91,257 words
by Anthony Berglas, William Black, Samantha Thalind, Max Scratchmann and Michelle Estes · 28 Feb 2015
by Guy Standing · 3 May 2017 · 307pp · 82,680 words
by Bruce Schneier · 3 Sep 2018 · 448pp · 117,325 words
by Chris Hughes · 20 Feb 2018 · 173pp · 53,564 words
by Ray Kurzweil · 14 Jul 2005 · 761pp · 231,902 words
by Andy Kessler · 13 Jun 2005 · 218pp · 63,471 words
by David Sax · 8 Nov 2016 · 360pp · 101,038 words
by Nick Couldry and Ulises A. Mejias · 19 Aug 2019 · 458pp · 116,832 words
by Vernor Vinge · 1 Jan 1986 · 665pp · 207,115 words
by Cade Metz · 15 Mar 2021 · 414pp · 109,622 words
by Linda Yueh · 4 Jun 2018 · 453pp · 117,893 words
by Ethan Mollick · 2 Apr 2024 · 189pp · 58,076 words
by Astra Taylor · 4 Mar 2014 · 283pp · 85,824 words
by Bryan O'Sullivan, John Goerzen, Donald Stewart and Donald Bruce Stewart · 2 Dec 2008 · 1,065pp · 229,099 words
by Irene Yuan Sun · 16 Oct 2017 · 239pp · 62,311 words
by Paul Roberts · 1 Sep 2014 · 324pp · 92,805 words
by Pedro Domingos · 21 Sep 2015 · 396pp · 117,149 words
by Frank Levy and Richard J. Murnane · 11 Apr 2004 · 187pp · 55,801 words
by Margaret O'Mara · 8 Jul 2019
by Titus Winters, Tom Manshreck and Hyrum Wright · 17 Mar 2020 · 214pp · 31,751 words
by Philip Coggan · 6 Feb 2020 · 524pp · 155,947 words
by Satya Nadella, Greg Shaw and Jill Tracie Nichols · 25 Sep 2017 · 391pp · 71,600 words
by Yascha Mounk · 15 Feb 2018 · 497pp · 123,778 words
by Amy B. Zegart · 6 Nov 2021
by Mark Thomas · 7 Aug 2019 · 286pp · 79,305 words
by Jamie K. McCallum · 15 Nov 2022 · 349pp · 99,230 words
by Q. Ethan McCallum · 14 Nov 2012 · 398pp · 86,855 words
by Guy Standing · 19 Mar 2020
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by Richard Dobbs and James Manyika · 12 May 2015 · 389pp · 87,758 words
by Klaus Schwab and Peter Vanham · 27 Jan 2021 · 460pp · 107,454 words
by John Brockman · 5 Oct 2015 · 481pp · 125,946 words
by Edward Tenner · 1 Sep 1997
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by Nick Bostrom · 3 Jun 2014 · 574pp · 164,509 words
by Ruchir Sharma · 5 Jun 2016 · 566pp · 163,322 words
by Corey Pein · 23 Apr 2018 · 282pp · 81,873 words
by Eric Schmidt and Jared Cohen · 22 Apr 2013 · 525pp · 116,295 words
by Linda Yueh · 15 Mar 2018 · 374pp · 113,126 words
by Immanuel Wallerstein, Randall Collins, Michael Mann, Georgi Derluguian, Craig Calhoun, Stephen Hoye and Audible Studios · 15 Nov 2013 · 238pp · 73,121 words
by Karen Hao · 19 May 2025 · 660pp · 179,531 words
by J. Doyne Farmer · 24 Apr 2024 · 406pp · 114,438 words
by Daniel Markovits · 14 Sep 2019 · 976pp · 235,576 words
by Rana Foroohar · 5 Nov 2019 · 380pp · 109,724 words
by Kenneth Payne · 16 Jun 2021 · 339pp · 92,785 words
by Hal Niedzviecki · 15 Mar 2015 · 343pp · 102,846 words
by Dean Starkman · 1 Jan 2013 · 514pp · 152,903 words
by Jonathan Haskel and Stian Westlake · 7 Nov 2017 · 346pp · 89,180 words
by Daniel Crosby · 15 Feb 2018 · 249pp · 77,342 words
by Studs Terkel · 1 Jan 1974 · 926pp · 312,419 words
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by Donald A. Norman · 10 May 2005
by Eric Topol · 6 Jan 2015 · 588pp · 131,025 words
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by Franklin Foer · 31 Aug 2017 · 281pp · 71,242 words
by Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl Wudunn · 14 Jan 2020 · 307pp · 96,543 words
by Gaia Vince · 22 Aug 2022 · 302pp · 92,206 words
by Daniel Drescher · 16 Mar 2017 · 430pp · 68,225 words
by Douglas Rushkoff · 7 Sep 2022 · 205pp · 61,903 words
by Christopher Summerfield · 11 Mar 2025 · 412pp · 122,298 words
by David Sumpter · 18 Jun 2018 · 276pp · 81,153 words
by Brad Smith and Carol Ann Browne · 9 Sep 2019 · 482pp · 121,173 words
by Richard Baldwin · 14 Nov 2016 · 606pp · 87,358 words
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by Martin J. Rees · 14 Oct 2018 · 193pp · 51,445 words
by Andy Kessler · 1 Feb 2011 · 272pp · 64,626 words
by Robert Scoble and Shel Israel · 4 Sep 2013 · 202pp · 59,883 words
by Klaus Schwab · 7 Jan 2021 · 460pp · 107,454 words
by Rachel Slade · 9 Jan 2024 · 392pp · 106,044 words
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by Christian Wolmar · 18 Jan 2018
by Johan Norberg · 14 Jun 2023 · 295pp · 87,204 words
by Antonio Damasio · 6 Feb 2018 · 289pp · 87,292 words
by Mish Slade · 13 Aug 2015 · 288pp · 66,996 words
by Douglas Rushkoff · 22 Jan 2019 · 196pp · 54,339 words
by Robert B. Reich · 21 Sep 2010 · 147pp · 45,890 words
by Bill McKibben · 15 Apr 2019
by Johan Norberg · 14 Sep 2020 · 505pp · 138,917 words
by Nicole Aschoff
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by Regina O. Obe and Leo S. Hsu · 2 May 2015
by Richard Newton · 11 Apr 2015 · 94pp · 26,453 words
by Howard Marks · 30 Sep 2018 · 302pp · 84,428 words
by Richard Yonck · 7 Mar 2017 · 360pp · 100,991 words
by Anu Bradford · 25 Sep 2023 · 898pp · 236,779 words
by Marcos González Hernando and Gerry Mitchell · 23 May 2023
by Grace Blakeley · 11 Mar 2024 · 371pp · 137,268 words
by Michael Bhaskar · 2 Nov 2021
by Peter W. Bernstein · 17 Dec 2008 · 538pp · 147,612 words
by George Gilder · 30 Apr 1981 · 590pp · 153,208 words
by Hiawatha Bray · 31 Mar 2014 · 316pp · 90,165 words
by Joseph E. Stiglitz · 22 Apr 2019 · 462pp · 129,022 words
by Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart · 31 Dec 2018
by Edward Glaeser and David Cutler · 14 Sep 2021 · 735pp · 165,375 words
by Regina O. Obe and Leo S. Hsu · 2 May 2015
by Nick Romeo · 15 Jan 2024 · 343pp · 103,376 words
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by Jeremy Rifkin · 9 Sep 2019 · 327pp · 84,627 words
by Stuart Maconie · 5 Mar 2020 · 300pp · 106,520 words
by Ulrich Beck · 15 Jan 2000 · 236pp · 67,953 words
by Joanna Biggs · 8 Apr 2015 · 255pp · 92,719 words
by Camille Fournier · 7 Mar 2017
by Diane Coyle · 14 Jan 2020 · 384pp · 108,414 words
by Kristen R. Ghodsee · 16 May 2023 · 302pp · 112,390 words
by Yancey Strickler · 29 Oct 2019 · 254pp · 61,387 words
by Timothy Noah · 23 Apr 2012 · 309pp · 91,581 words
by Steven Pinker · 13 Feb 2018 · 1,034pp · 241,773 words
by Charles Wheelan · 18 Apr 2010 · 386pp · 122,595 words
by William MacAskill · 27 Jul 2015 · 293pp · 81,183 words
by Stephen J. McNamee · 17 Jul 2013 · 440pp · 108,137 words
by Jamie Bronstein · 29 Oct 2016 · 332pp · 89,668 words
by Jeremy Rifkin · 27 Sep 2011 · 443pp · 112,800 words
by Phillip Brown, Hugh Lauder and David Ashton · 3 Nov 2010 · 209pp · 80,086 words
by Rick Wartzman · 15 Nov 2022 · 215pp · 69,370 words
by Bernard Lietaer and Jacqui Dunne · 4 Feb 2013
by Satyajit Das · 14 Oct 2011 · 741pp · 179,454 words
by Stephen Baker · 11 Aug 2008 · 265pp · 74,000 words
by Jon Bruner · 27 Mar 2013 · 49pp · 12,968 words
by Brian Christian · 1 Mar 2011 · 370pp · 94,968 words
by Amanda Kirby and Theo Smith · 2 Aug 2021 · 424pp · 114,820 words
by Christiana Figueres and Tom Rivett-Carnac · 25 Feb 2020 · 197pp · 49,296 words
by Scott Patterson · 2 Feb 2010 · 374pp · 114,600 words
by Geoff Colvin · 3 Aug 2015 · 271pp · 77,448 words
by Joel Kotkin · 31 Aug 2014 · 362pp · 83,464 words
by Philippe Legrain · 14 Oct 2020 · 521pp · 110,286 words
by Joshua Tallent · 1 Apr 2009 · 117pp · 30,654 words
by Andrew McAfee · 30 Sep 2019 · 372pp · 94,153 words
by Stephen Baker · 17 Feb 2011 · 238pp · 77,730 words
by Samuel Arbesman · 18 Jul 2016 · 222pp · 53,317 words
by Michael Swaine and Paul Freiberger · 19 Oct 2014 · 459pp · 140,010 words
by Blake Crouch · 6 Jul 2022 · 396pp · 96,049 words
by Chrystia Freeland · 11 Oct 2012 · 481pp · 120,693 words
by Rose Hackman · 27 Mar 2023
by Will Storr · 14 Jun 2017 · 431pp · 129,071 words
by Steven Pinker · 14 Oct 2021 · 533pp · 125,495 words
by Laurence Scott · 11 Jul 2018 · 244pp · 81,334 words
by Nancy Kress · 23 Nov 2004
by Joseph Mazur · 20 Apr 2020 · 283pp · 85,906 words
by Robert B. Reich · 3 Sep 2012 · 124pp · 39,011 words
by Tim Harford · 2 Feb 2021 · 428pp · 103,544 words
by Laura Trethewey · 15 May 2023
by Cass R. Sunstein · 6 Mar 2018 · 434pp · 117,327 words
by Jamie Bartlett · 12 Jun 2017 · 390pp · 109,870 words
by Hunter S. Thompson · 6 Nov 2003 · 893pp · 282,706 words
by Robert Skidelsky · 3 Mar 2020 · 290pp · 76,216 words
by Colin Kahl and Thomas Wright · 23 Aug 2021 · 652pp · 172,428 words
by Andrew Sayer · 6 Nov 2014 · 504pp · 143,303 words
by David Skelton · 28 Jun 2021 · 226pp · 58,341 words
by General Stanley McChrystal, Tantum Collins, David Silverman and Chris Fussell · 11 May 2015 · 409pp · 105,551 words
by Jean M. Twenge · 25 Apr 2023 · 541pp · 173,676 words
by Robert B. Reich · 24 Mar 2020 · 154pp · 47,880 words
by John Tamny · 30 Apr 2016 · 268pp · 74,724 words
by Anna Wiener · 14 Jan 2020 · 237pp · 74,109 words
by Jonathan Bush and Stephen Baker · 14 May 2014 · 238pp · 68,914 words
by Richard Pereira · 5 Jul 2017 · 177pp · 38,221 words
by Reid Hoffman and Ben Casnocha · 14 Feb 2012 · 176pp · 55,819 words
by Jeffrey D. Sachs · 2 Jun 2020
by David G. Hartwell; Kathryn Cramer · 15 Aug 2010 · 573pp · 163,302 words
by Joshua Cooper Ramo · 16 May 2016 · 326pp · 103,170 words
by Tavis Smiley · 15 Feb 2012 · 181pp · 50,196 words
by Michelle Slatalla and Joshua Quittner · 15 Jan 1995
by Unknown
by Devon Price · 5 Jan 2021 · 362pp · 87,462 words
by Rachel Slade · 4 Apr 2018 · 390pp · 109,438 words
by Beth Macy · 6 Oct 2025 · 373pp · 97,653 words
by Sara Wachter-Boettcher · 9 Oct 2017 · 223pp · 60,909 words
by Mike Davis · 27 Aug 2001
by Virginia Postrel · 5 Nov 2013 · 347pp · 86,274 words
by Rachel Swirsky · 13 Jun 2022 · 160pp · 39,966 words
by Jim Kalbach · 6 Apr 2020
by Joseph E. Stiglitz · 15 Mar 2015 · 409pp · 125,611 words
by Ashoka Mody · 7 May 2018
by Katherine M. Gehl and Michael E. Porter · 14 Sep 2020 · 627pp · 89,295 words
by Stewart Lansley · 19 Jan 2012 · 223pp · 10,010 words
by Jane Mayer · 19 Jan 2016 · 558pp · 168,179 words
by Claudia Goldin · 11 Oct 2021 · 445pp · 122,877 words
by Raj M. Shah and Christopher Kirchhoff · 8 Jul 2024 · 272pp · 103,638 words
by Daryl Collins, Jonathan Morduch and Stuart Rutherford · 15 Jan 2009 · 296pp · 87,299 words
by Jessica Bruder · 18 Sep 2017 · 273pp · 85,195 words
by Camilla Pang · 12 Mar 2020 · 256pp · 67,563 words
by Dan Dimicco · 3 Mar 2015 · 219pp · 61,720 words
by Maya Goodfellow · 5 Nov 2019 · 273pp · 83,802 words
by Chuck Wendig · 1 Jul 2019 · 1,028pp · 267,392 words
by Neil Gibb · 15 Feb 2018 · 217pp · 63,287 words
by John Abramson · 15 Dec 2022 · 362pp · 97,473 words
by Extinction Rebellion · 12 Jun 2019 · 138pp · 40,525 words
by Sebastien Page · 4 Nov 2020 · 367pp · 97,136 words
by Thomas Pynchon · 1 Jan 1966 · 165pp · 47,320 words
by Joshua Paul Dale · 15 Dec 2023 · 209pp · 81,560 words