by Susan Schneider · 1 Oct 2019 · 331pp · 47,993 words
our scientific knowledge and technological prowess increase. It pays to keep in mind two important ways in which the future is opaque. First, there are known unknowns. We cannot be certain when the use of quantum computing will be commonplace, for instance. We cannot tell whether and how certain AI-based technologies
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as political changes, technological innovations, or scientific breakthroughs that catch us entirely off guard. In the next chapters, we turn to one of the great known unknowns: the puzzle of conscious experience. We will appreciate how this puzzle arises in the human case, and then we will ask: How can we even
by Robert Carver · 13 Sep 2015
slippery concept which is difficult to pin down. I like to divide the world of risk into predictable risks, or what Donald Rumsfeld30 would call Known Unknowns, and unpredictable risks (Unknown Unknowns). It’s very hard to forecast what the return will be each day over the next few weeks for an
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their portfolio risk remains as desired. 30. In a speech in 2002 US Secretary of State Donald Rumsfeld identified three kinds of knowledge: known knowns, known unknowns and unknown unknowns. 31. I’ll discuss exactly how you measure recent levels of standard deviation in chapter ten, ‘Position sizing’. If you can’t
by Christine Negroni · 26 Sep 2016 · 269pp · 74,955 words
would be safe enough. What the TWA 800 disaster showed was that there would always be unknown triggers. We would have to call them the “known unknowns.” In 2006 the U.S. Department of Transportation issued a new rule: all new airplane designs had to include a system to protect the tank
by Johan Norberg · 14 Sep 2009 · 246pp · 74,341 words
was just that the weapons of mass destruction were hidden away in different places in the financial system. They were what Donald Rumsfeld would call "known unknowns"things we know that we do not know. The only question was whether there would be time to locate and defuse them before the "megacatas
by Christian Wolmar · 18 Jan 2018
of potential inconvenience, with autonomous cars stopping at unexpected hazards, but of safety, as they fail to recognize them. This brief round-up of the known unknowns is sufficient to show that the technology faces a myriad of difficulties before its widespread introduction, and that is even before, to continue quoting Donald
by Marcus Du Sautoy · 18 May 2016
-21 Dedication To my parents, who started me on my journey to the edges of knowledge CONTENTS Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Edge Zero: The Known Unknowns First Edge: The Casino Dice Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Second Edge: The Cello Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Third Edge: The Pot of Uranium Chapter 5
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Edge: The Christmas Cracker Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Further Reading Index Acknowledgements Illustration Credits Also by Marcus du Sautoy About the Publisher EDGE ZERO: The Known Unknowns Everyone by nature desires to know. Aristotle, Metaphysics Science is king. Every week, headlines announce new breakthroughs in our understanding of the universe, new technologies
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to solve. Things we don’t know. The knowledge of what we are ignorant of seems to expand faster than our catalogue of breakthroughs. The known unknowns outstrip the known knowns. And it is those unknowns that drive science. A scientist is more interested in the things he or she can’t
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, what status do they have? Can you choose from the possible answers and it won’t really matter which one you opt for? Talk of known unknowns is not reserved to the world of science. The US politician Donald Rumsfeld strayed into the philosophy of knowledge with the famous declaration: There are
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known knowns; there are things that we know that we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say, we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns, the ones we don’t
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out to be the unknown unknown that he was unable to conceive of. So in this book I can at best try to articulate the known unknowns and ask whether any will remain forever unknown. Are there questions that by their very nature will always be unanswerable, regardless of progress in knowledge
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? I have called these unknowns ‘Edges’. They represent the horizon beyond which we cannot see. My journey to the Edges of knowledge to articulate the known unknowns will pass through the known knowns that demonstrate how we have travelled beyond what we previously thought were the limits of knowledge. This journey will
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to be human 419; justified true belief and 412–13; the know-it-all professorship 4–6; knowing when you can’t know 48–51; known unknowns 7–9; paradox of unknowability 413–14; science as narrative that only appears to describe reality 418; success rate of science and production of true
by Linsey McGoey · 14 Sep 2019
mass destruction in Iraq. ‘As we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know,’ he said. ‘We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns – the ones we don’t
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knowledge: derived from torture, 74–5; equal unknowers, 47–9; low desire for knowledge of life events, 38–9; political knowledge, 66–7, 95–6 known unknowns, 52 Koch, Charles and David, 65, 237, 238, 244 Kuttner, Stuart, 103–4 labour: Adam Smith’s wage labourers, 139; domestic labour, 125; exploitation, 129
by Ozan Varol · 13 Apr 2020 · 389pp · 112,319 words
a rocket-science metaphor from his linguistic grab bag: “There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns—the ones we don’t
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and uncertainties—what you know and what you don’t know—undresses them. Once you lift up the curtain and turn the unknown unknowns into known unknowns, you defang them. After you see your fears with their masks off, you’ll find that the feeling of uncertainty is often far worse than
by Charles Conn and Robert McLean · 6 Mar 2019
absolute uncertainty of events that are unpredictable with current knowledge and technology, sometimes called unknown unknowns. Uncertainty levels 1 through 4 are colorfully called “the known unknowns,” in contrast to level 5. We don't put them in a too‐hard basket. Instead we approach them recognizing and quantifying the level and
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, R., 73 Kenny, Thomas, 213 King, Abby C., 143 Kirkland, Jane, 199 Knee arthroscopy, election (question), 125e Knezevic, Bogdan, 143 Knock‐out analysis, 92–93 Known unknowns, 198 Koller, Tim, 214 Komm, Asmus, xvii L Labor market, 205e Leadership, team structure (relationship), 97–98 Lean project plans, 93, 94e Learning algorithms, 159
by Mushtak Al-Atabi · 26 Aug 2014 · 204pp · 66,619 words
, Risk and Uncertainty Donald Rumsfeld, US secretary of defence during the US invasion of Iraq, said that there are two kinds of unknowns, known unknowns and unknown unknowns. Known unknowns are events for which we know their probability of happening; for example, we know how many people die of heart-related diseases each year
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in a certain population group. When the known unknowns are negative in consequences, they are called risk. There are data available on the probability of the success of new business ventures, such as restaurants
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