lump of labour Concepts

Exponential: How Accelerating Technology Is Leaving Us Behind and What to Do About It

by Azeem Azhar · 6 Sep 2021 · 447pp · 111,991 words

nonsense. It’s a form of zero-sum thinking that has largely been dispensed with by economic theory and historical evidence. Economists call it the ‘lump of labour fallacy’. In truth, the development of new technologies also creates new needs – as one technology displaces the existing ones, new sectors of the economy are

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, 71, 154, 158 flexicurity, 160–61, 257 gig economy, 10, 71, 142–9, 153, 162, 164, 239, 252, 255 income inequality, 155–8, 161, 168 lump of labour fallacy, 139 management, 149–54, 158–9 protections, 85–6, 147–9 reskilling, 159–60 universal basic income (UBI), 160, 189 Enclosure, 234–5, 241

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, 181, 183 London Underground, 133–4 looms, 157 Lordstown Strike (1972), 125 Lotus Development Corporation, 99 Luddites, 125, 253 Lufa Farms, 171–2 Luminate, 240 lump of labour fallacy, 139 Lusaka, Zambia, 15 Lyft, 146, 148 machine learning, 31–4, 54, 58, 88, 127, 129, 143 MacKinnon, Rebecca, 223 Maersk, 197, 199, 211

The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts

by Richard Susskind and Daniel Susskind · 24 Aug 2015 · 742pp · 137,937 words

is the case, then there is new work for people to do. Now consider the optimists. They argue that the pessimists’ account relies on the ‘lump of labour fallacy’—a term given by economists to the belief that there is some fixed quantity of reasonably-paid work, a given

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‘lump’ of labour that is to be divided up and parcelled out either to people or to machines. The optimists rightly note that this is wrong, and make

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will increase output, there will be more work that has to be done, and so more tasks for people to do. There is no fixed ‘lump’ of labour, and instead the quantity of reasonably-paid work will grow over time. However, the optimists only look at Question 1—whether the improvement in productivity

A Pelican Introduction: Basic Income

by Guy Standing · 3 May 2017 · 307pp · 82,680 words

.’16 Nevertheless, there are reasons to be sceptical about the prospect of a jobless or even workless future. It is the latest version of the ‘lump of labour fallacy’, the idea that there is only a certain amount of labour and work to be done, so that if more of it can be

The Weightless World: Strategies for Managing the Digital Economy

by Diane Coyle · 29 Oct 1998 · 49,604 words

, at a lower wage, many of them in the private sector. For there is no fixed number of jobs in the economy — the so-called ‘lump of labour fallacy’. If the wage rate is altered by a change in labour supply, the demand for labour will change too. The unemployed can take the

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that the would-be immigrant is not filling a job for which a US citizen is available. The fear is off-target, based on the ‘lump of labour’ fallacy discussed in Chapter 2.A new supply of cheap labour expands the number of jobs available, but cuts the wage paid. Immigrants do not

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employees. But this falls into the trap of assuming there is a fixed pot of work available to be shared more or less fairly — the ‘lump of labour’ fallacy, as economists call it. It does not escape from the tyranny of thinking about people’s options in terms of jobs and not-jobs

The Wealth of Humans: Work, Power, and Status in the Twenty-First Century

by Ryan Avent · 20 Sep 2016 · 323pp · 90,868 words

suggests that there are too many people around to do the work society needs done, he is said to be under the influence of the ‘lump of labour’ fallacy: the view that there is only so much work to go around – the lump. This view leads to policies such as those designed to

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good problem bargaining power cognitive but repetitive collective bargaining and demographic issues discrimination and exclusion global growth of workforce and immigration liberalization in 1970s/80s ‘lump of labour’ fallacy occupational licences organized and proximity reallocation to growing industries retraining and skill acquisition and scarcity and social value work as a positive good see

A World Without Work: Technology, Automation, and How We Should Respond

by Daniel Susskind · 14 Jan 2020 · 419pp · 109,241 words

, that for a man … to do his level best—is inconsistent … with loyalty to the cause of labour.” He called this the “theory of the Lump of Labour”: it held “that there is a certain fixed amount of work to be done, and that it is best, in the interests of the workmen

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, that each man shall take care not to do too much work, in order that thus the Lump of Labour may be spread out thin over the whole body of workpeople.”30 Schloss called this way of thinking “a noteworthy fallacy.” The error with it

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). The text has been archived online at https://ia902703.us.archive.org/30/items/methodsofindustr00schl/methodsofindustr00schl.pdf. The Economist website has an entry on the “lump of labour fallacy” and David Schloss at http://www.economist.com/economics-a-to-z/l. Tom Walker, an economist, has written at length about the idea

Them and Us: How Immigrants and Locals Can Thrive Together

by Philippe Legrain · 14 Oct 2020 · 521pp · 110,286 words

belief that migrants take local jobs is generally false because there isn’t a fixed number of jobs to go around. Economists call this the ‘lump-of-labour fallacy’. But the brain-drain argument is in many ways analogous to that fallacy. Just as it is mistaken to claim that every job taken

The Health Gap: The Challenge of an Unequal World

by Michael Marmot · 9 Sep 2015 · 414pp · 119,116 words

old won’t move the young can’t have them. Obvious, but wrong. The idea that older people are blocking jobs for younger people – the ‘lump of labour’ hypothesis – has been debunked as a myth.10 The flaw is to assume that there is a fixed number of jobs. The evidence shows that

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US compared with Cuba, here Lithuania, here, here, here Liverpool, here, here, here ‘living wage’, here loans, low-interest, here lobbying, here Los Angeles, here ‘lump of labour’ hypothesis, here Lundberg, Ole, here lung cancer, here, here lung disease, here, here, here, here luxury travel, here Macao, here, here McDonald’s, here McMunn

The Corruption of Capitalism: Why Rentiers Thrive and Work Does Not Pay

by Guy Standing · 13 Jul 2016 · 443pp · 98,113 words

‘disruption’ – a favoured word – as the destruction of jobs in general and the simple replacement of labour by robots and automation. This rests on the ‘lump of labour fallacy’ – the assumption that there is only a certain amount of labour to be done; if machines can do more at less cost, then workers

More: The 10,000-Year Rise of the World Economy

by Philip Coggan · 6 Feb 2020 · 524pp · 155,947 words

that each worker is also a source of demand. Each immigrant spends the money they earn on local goods and services. Economists talk about the “lump of labour” fallacy; a belief that there is only a certain amount of work to do. The fallacy has been used to argue that women should stay

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. However, immigrants are not just workers, they are also consumers; as well as increasing the supply of labour, they increase the demand for goods. This “lump of labour” fallacy is hard to kill (see Chapter 9). As noted earlier in the book, the real culprit could be found elsewhere. A study by the