old age dependency ratio Concepts

Losing Control: The Emerging Threats to Western Prosperity

by Stephen D. King · 14 Jun 2010 · 561pp · 87,892 words

on ‘pay-as-you-go’ pensions and healthcare provision are supposedly more vulnerable, as they rely on current taxpayers to fund the elderly. If the old-age dependency ratio is rapidly rising, the burden on current taxpayers – especially people of working age – threatens to become too painful. Higher tax rates might leave them disinclined

Nomad Century: How Climate Migration Will Reshape Our World

by Gaia Vince · 22 Aug 2022 · 302pp · 92,206 words

see their populations halve by 2100. North America and Europe have 300 million people above the traditional retirement age (65+), and by 2050 the economic old-age dependency ratio there is projected to be at forty-three elderly persons per 100 working persons aged 20–64.1 Cities from Munich to Buffalo will begin

Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet

by Jeffrey Sachs · 1 Jan 2008 · 421pp · 125,417 words

them. There is some truth to the message. The ratio of those older than sixty-five to those aged fifteen to sixty-five, called the old-age dependency ratio, will indeed take a big surge in the high-income world, as shown in Figure 8.9. The ratio basically doubles from around 23 percent

Grave New World: The End of Globalization, the Return of History

by Stephen D. King · 22 May 2017 · 354pp · 92,470 words

, a mere 0.4 per cent of the global total. Italy’s story goes beyond mere shrinkage: its population is also ageing. Whereas Nigeria’s old-age dependency ratio will remain very low for much of the twenty-first century (thanks to a rapidly swelling population of working age), Italy’s will be heading

The Dawn of Innovation: The First American Industrial Revolution

by Charles R. Morris · 1 Jan 2012 · 456pp · 123,534 words

if technology disappoints, all richer countries with large populations of dependent elderly will one way or the other increase their immigration rates. CHART 9.2 Old-Age Dependency Ratios, Selected Countries: 2010 and FC2050 The coming shift in the Chinese age structure, then, is likely to be a serious problem only if the country

The End of Indexing: Six Structural Mega-Trends That Threaten Passive Investing

by Niels Jensen · 25 Mar 2018 · 205pp · 55,435 words

problem peaks between 2030 and 2050, but it would be a terrible mistake to ignore the problem for another 10 years or so. The German old-age dependency ratio will rise from just under 36% in 2020 to over 47% in 203042. This implies that, whereas they have approximately three working-aged adults to

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said, it is only the starter. The main course will be served between 2030 and 2050! Finally, a word on Japan: I note that the old-age dependency ratio in the world’s oldest country, Japan, reached 35% in 2010, and the number is expected to more than double to 74% by 2050. By

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’s impact on economic growth is measured in different ways. Some consider the dependency ratio the most appropriate measure, whereas others zoom in on the old-age dependency ratio. My own preferred measure of ageing’s impact on economic growth is slightly different. I almost always use the percentage change in the absolute size

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age (those aged between 15 and 64). This ratio is sometimes referred to as the total dependency ratio. A variation of this measure is the old-age dependency ratio, where you only measure those aged 65 and over to the working age group. As mentioned earlier, when forecasting GDP growth, I prefer to work

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. the more dependents, the higher the rate of inflation and vice versa. I should point out that BIS’ researchers used the dependency ratio – not the old-age dependency ratio – in their study. Could it possibly be that rising dependency ratios in the years to come will be driven by more youngsters rather than more

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stock market. * * * 36 Source: Research Affiliates (2013). 37 Children of the baby boomers are often called echo boomers. 38 Source: United Nations (2015). 39 The old-age dependency ratio is defined as the ratio between the number of people aged 65 and over (deemed the retirees) and the number of people between the age

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, Mike (2017,2) Credit Suisse Global Investment Returns Yearbook 2017. Copyright © 2017 Elroy Dimson, Paul Marsh and Mike Staunton. All rights reserved. Economist, The (2009) Old-age dependency ratios. www.economist.com/node/13611235 Economist, The (2015) Barbarians at the farm gate. www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21637379-hardy-investors-are-seeking

Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future

by Ian Goldin, Geoffrey Cameron and Meera Balarajan · 20 Dec 2010 · 482pp · 117,962 words

.S. wages) Table 7.2. Largest cities in the world by 2025, population estimates (millions) Table 7.3. Total immigration necessary to maintain constant 2000 old-age dependency ratios into 2050 Acknowledgments This book has been written during our time at the James Martin 21st Century School at the University of Oxford. The School

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the century, and East Asia is expected to experience a similar transition before 2050. China is forecasted to see a 250 percent increase in its old-age dependency ratios between 2005 and 2050.92 Population aging and falling fertility in rapidly growing countries like China could lay the foundation for a global competition for

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scarce labor. TABLE 7.3 TOTAL IMMIGRATION NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN CONSTANT 2000 OLD-AGE DEPENDENCY RATIOS INTO 2050. Source: United Nations. 2000. Replacement Migration: Is It a Solution to Declining and Aging Populations? New York: United Nations. Absolute changes in labor

When the Money Runs Out: The End of Western Affluence

by Stephen D. King · 17 Jun 2013 · 324pp · 90,253 words

, it had a population of 82 million. The United Nations projects that, by 2075, Germany's population will have dwindled to 70 million. Meanwhile, its old age dependency ratio – the ratio of those above standard retirement age to those of working age – is rising rapidly: according to the UN, it's set to jump

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financially stress-free retirement – and younger generations – who, increasingly, are expected to pick up the bill. The debate on ageing is, by now, familiar territory. Old age dependency ratios – the ratio of the elderly relative to those of working age – are set to increase throughout the world, but nowhere more so than in the

Fully Grown: Why a Stagnant Economy Is a Sign of Success

by Dietrich Vollrath · 6 Jan 2020 · 295pp · 90,821 words

boom is visible around 1960, as the number of kids exploded to equal almost 80% of the working-age population. At the same time, the old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of people 65 and older as a percentage of the working-age population, was less than 20%. From 1960 to almost

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so did the youth dependency ratio. It is now around 45%, almost half its peak in 1960. And for much of that same period, the old-age dependency ratio also stayed constant at around 20%. This means that the ratio of workers to total population rose throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty

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-first. But as the figure shows, we then entered a period of profound change as the baby boom generation entered retirement. By 2030 the old-age dependency ratio will approach 40%, whereas the youth dependency ratio is not projected to fall much at all. This means that the proportion of workers to total

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population, which had already begun to drop because of the rise in the old-age dependency ratio in the early 2000s, will continue to fall. Figure 5.3. Dependency ratios over time Note: Data is from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation

The State and the Stork: The Population Debate and Policy Making in US History

by Derek S. Hoff · 30 May 2012

concerned with pay and the goods they can buy than with rank and title.”109 Several economists emphasized that the fiscal consequences of an increasing old-age dependency ratio would be offset by a reduction in social spending on the young.110 Brian Reddaway, the British Stable Population Keynesian who gained prominence in the

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Coming Generational Storm, by Kotlikoff and Burns, New York Review of Books, March 10, 2005, 6–11. 9. The concern in the 1970s with the old-age dependency ratio ironically came close on the heels of Malthusians’ insistence that the young imposed the biggest burden on society. 10. Although apprehension of overseas population growth