post-work

Inventing the Future: Postcapitalism and a World Without Work
by Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams
Published 1 Oct 2015

And the welfare state must be defended, not as an end in itself, but as a necessary component of a broader post-work society. The future remains open, and which direction the crisis of work takes is precisely the political struggle before us. Chapter 6 Post-Work Imaginaries The goal of the future is full unemployment. Arthur C. Clarke Whereas the previous chapter analysed the changing social conditions that are making a post-work world increasingly necessary, this chapter will outline what a post-work world might mean in practice.1 To that end, we advance some broad demands to start building a platform for a post-work society. In asserting the centrality of demands, we are breaking with a widespread tendency of today’s radical left that believes making no demands is the height of radicalism.2 These critics often claim that making a demand means giving into the existing order of things by asking, and therefore legitimating, an authority.

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From the social democratic consensus to the neoliberal consensus, our argument is that the left should mobilise around a post-work consensus. With a post-work society, we would have even more potential to launch forward to greater goals. But this is a project that must be carried out over the long term: decades rather than years, cultural shifts rather than electoral cycles. Given the reality of the weakened left today, there is only one way forward: to patiently rebuild its power – a topic that will be covered in the chapters to follow. There simply is no other way to bring about a post-work world. We must therefore attend to these longer-term strategic goals, and rebuild the collective agencies that might eventually bring them about.

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Humanity has for too long been shaped by capitalist impulses, and a post-work world portends a future in which these constraints have been significantly loosened. This does not mean that a post-work society would simply be a realm of play. Rather, in such a society, the labour that remains will no longer be imposed upon us by an external force – by an employer or by the imperatives of survival. Work will become driven by our own desires, instead of by demands from outside.4 Against the austerity of conservative forces, and the austere life promised by anti-modernists, the demand for a post-work world revels in the liberation of desire, abundance and freedom.

The Problem With Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries
by Kathi Weeks
Published 8 Sep 2011

But before we get there, two aspects of the analysis call for further explication: first, the prescription of a politics (a postwork politics) to counter the power of an ethic (the work ethic); and second, the defense of limited demands as tools for radical change. The one requires some attention to the distinction between politics and ethics that the analysis has only presumed so far; the other concerns the specific understanding of the relationship between reform and revolution that informs the argument. POLITICS AND CHANGE I will begin here: why counter the power of the work ethic with a post-work politics and not with a postwork ethic? One could, after all, imagine the contours of a postwork ethic as something distinct from a postwork morality—a matter, to cite Virno’s formulation, of “common practices, usages and customs, not the dimension of the must-be” (2004, 49).

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LESS WORK FOR “WHAT WE WILL”: DECENTERING THE FAMILY The solution would seem to be to displace the family from the rationale for reduced hours, and the second approach I want to consider does that, emphasizing instead a broader and more open-ended set of justifications for and benefits of shorter hours. An inspired example of this approach can be found in “The Post-Work Manifesto” by Stanley Aronowitz et al. (1998). Their call for a thirty-hour week of six-hour days without a reduction in pay is part of a broader postwork vision and agenda that the authors propose as a response to current economic conditions and trends in the United States. Citing what they describe as an increase in working hours—whether through more overtime, the colonization of nonwork time by work, or piecing together multiple temporary or part-time jobs—they argue that “it is time for a discourse that imagines alternatives, that accounts for human dignity beyond the conditions of work.

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How Class Works: Power and Social Movement. New Haven: Yale University Press. Aronowitz, Stanley, and William DiFazio. 1994. The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Aronowitz, Stanley, Dawn Esposito, William DiFazio, and Margaret Yard. 1998. “The Post-Work Manifesto.” In Post-Work: The Wages of Cybernation, edited by Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler, 31–80. New York: Routledge. Bakker, Isabella, and Stephen Gill, eds. 2003. Power, Production, and Social Reproduction: Human In/security in the Global Political Economy. Houndmills, England: Palgrave Macmillan.

Automation and the Future of Work
by Aaron Benanav
Published 3 Nov 2020

For an astute analysis of the chasm between arguments for income sufficiency and income equality, see Samuel Moyn, Not Enough: Human Rights in an Unequal World, Harvard University Press, 2018. 35 van Parijs and Vanderborght, Basic Income, p. 214. 36 See ibid., pp. 127–8; Erik Olin Wright, How to be an Anti-Capitalist in the 21st Century, Verso, 2019, pp. 74–5; and Srnicek and Williams, Inventing the Future, pp. 117–23. For an earlier, influential version of this argument, see Stanley Aronowitz et al., “The Post-work Manifesto,” in Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler, eds., Post-work: The Wages of Cybernation, Routledge, 1998. 37 See Van Parijs and Vanderborght, Basic Income, pp. 11–12, 214, 220–4, 127–8. Arguments for voluntary associations and against bureaucracy have been fixtures of council communist and anarcho-syndicalist politics as well.

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“If I am tormented in one place, who will keep me from going someplace else?” J.J. Rousseau, The Discourses and Other Early Political Writings, Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 158. See also Cory Doctorow, Walkaway, Tor, 2017. 32 See Stanley Aronowitz et al., “The Post-Work Manifesto,” in Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler, eds., Post-Work: The Wages of Cybernation, London 1998. 33 Saadia, Trekonomics, p. 61. 34 Michael Lebowitz, The Socialist Alternative: Real Human Development, Monthly Review, 2010, pp. 31–45. 35 For an account of utopia amid scarcity, see Ursula K. Le Guin, The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, HarperCollins, 1994, as well as Fredric Jameson’s commentary on “world reduction” in Le Guin’s novels in Archeologies of the Future: The Desire Called Utopia and Other Science Fictions, Verso, 2007, pp. 267–80.

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In Inventing the Future, Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams argue that the “most recent wave of automation is poised” to transform the labor market “drastically, as it comes to encompass every aspect of the economy.”11 They claim that only a socialist government would actually be able to fulfill the promise of full automation by creating a post-work or post-scarcity society. In Four Futures, Peter Frase thoughtfully explores the alternative outcomes for such a post-scarcity society, depending on whether it were still to have private property or to suffer from resource scarcity, both of which could persist even if labor scarcity were overcome.12 Like the liberal proponents of the automation discourse, these left-wing writers stress that even if the coming of advanced robotics is inevitable, “there is no necessary progression into a post-work world.”13 Srnicek, Williams, and Frase are all proponents of UBI, but in a left-wing variant.

Paris Like a Local
by Dk Eyewitness

FOR A CROWD Coffee with a soundtrack Stop by community coffee shop and Southeast Asian canteen The Hood in the 11th for a coffee with a banh mi. If you have a musical talent in your midst, there are instruments lying around to be played. g DRINK g Contents Wine Bars Meeting friends for a glass of wine is the post-work catch-up event of choice. Something to snack on as you drink is customary, whether it’s a few almonds or a cheese board to work through into the night. g DRINK g Contents Wine Bars LA BELLE HORTENSE POMPETTE DEV!ANT MR ALPHONSE FREDDY’S LE BARON ROUGE g Wine Bars g Contents Google Map LA BELLE HORTENSE Map 2; 31 Rue Vieille du Temple, 3rd; ///fencing.disclose.swinging; www.cafeine.com/fr/belle-hortense Merging good books with good wine, this timeless spot is so special that literature lovers can’t resist showing it off to friends visiting from abroad.

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g Museum Lates g Contents Google Map MUSÉE DU LOUVRE Map 1; Pyramide du Louvre, Place du Carrousel, 1st; ///impulse.montage.cultivation; www.louvre.fr Embark on one evening visit to the Louvre and, like any true Parisian, you’ll never go in the daytime again. While that has a lot to do with the lack of giggling school groups and selfie-takers, it’s also more atmospheric at night, when a whole other world under the museum comes alive with concerts and lectures on art history. It’s the live music that mostly draws in the post-work crowds, with international chamber music on Wednesday nights and more classic performances on Friday – just turn up by 7pm before the ticket office closes and enjoy. » Don’t leave without taking in the night lighting of I M Pei’s famous pyramid outside, which seems dull during the day by contrast.

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Simply turn up with a pair of comfy shoes. g Open-air Living Rooms g Contents Google Map JARDIN DU CARROUSEL Map 1; Place du Carrousel, 1st; ///fest.slacker.sifts The grassy gardens directly in front of the Louvre are far from a secret, but unknown to out-of-towners is the fact that they’re open all night. Friends come for post-work wind-downs, stretching out with a blanket and nibbling on a baguette while the odd frisbee gets their attention flying overhead. It doesn’t get more Parisian than seeing the Eiffel Tower illuminated in the distance and the palatial museum sitting behind you. g Open-air Living Rooms g Contents Google Map JARDIN NELSON MANDELA Map 1; 1 Place du René Cassin, 1st; ///dude.beefed.rust When you spot the giant statue of a head, you’ve arrived.

Four Futures: Life After Capitalism
by Peter Frase
Published 10 Mar 2015

As with the Koch brothers and their denialist ilk, the eco-capitalists are concerned primarily with preserving the prerogatives and lifestyles of the elite, even if they put a more environmentalist veneer on this agenda. We will return to all of this in Chapter 4. I turn now to the specific purpose of this book. Politics in Command Why, the reader might ask, is it even necessary to write another book about automation and the postwork future? The topic has become an entire subgenre in recent years; Brynjolfsson and McAfee are just one example. Others include Ford’s Rise of the Robots and articles from the Atlantic’s Derek Thompson, Slate’s Farhad Manjoo, and Mother Jones’s Kevin Drum.20 Each insists that technology is rapidly making work obsolete, but they flail vainly at an answer to the problem of making sure that technology leads to shared prosperity rather than increasing inequality.

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At best, like Brynjolfsson and McAfee, they fall back on familiar liberal bromides: entrepreneurship and education will allow us all to thrive even if all of our current work is automated away. The one thing missing from all these accounts, the thing I want to inject into this debate, is politics, and specifically class struggle. As Mike Konczal of the Roosevelt Institute has pointed out, these projections of a postwork future tend toward a hazy technocratic utopianism, a “forward projection of the Keynesian-Fordism of the past,” in which “prosperity leads to redistribution leads to leisure and public goods.”21 Thus, while the transition may be difficult in places, we should ultimately be content with accelerating technological development and reassure ourselves that all will be for the best in the best of all possible worlds.

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By measuring the thing that money really represented—your personal capital with your friends and neighbors—you more accurately gauged your success.27 Of course, that description of “the old days” isn’t really a very accurate picture of the way capitalist society works, as demonstrated by the joke about the journalist who takes assignments for free from editors who promise her increased attention and prestige: she died of “exposure.” Being able to endure survival independent of Whuffie or any other currency makes all the difference in the world. The book’s story mostly takes place in Disneyland, which in the postwork society is now run by volunteers. But there still needs to be some hierarchy and organization, which is determined according to Whuffie. The drama of the story turns on the various intrigues and conflicts that result. Without having to worry about survival—or death, given this book’s cheery assumption that the dead can be easily resurrected from a backup—other conflicts present themselves, like whether Disneyland’s hall of presidents should include a display that interfaces with your brain to give you the experience of being Abraham Lincoln.

Deep Utopia: Life and Meaning in a Solved World
by Nick Bostrom
Published 26 Mar 2024

compared to the baseline of a typical hunter-gatherer ancestor. 3. Post-work utopia Full automation. This means there’s no need for human economic labor, though attempts to imagine this condition are often half-hearted and assume a continued need of human labor for cultural production. In post-scarcity utopia, there is plenty, but producing it might require work. In post-work utopia, there is little or no human work, either because machines give us effortless abundance, or because of a choice to live frugally with maximal leisure. Unclear how far toward a post-work condition we’ve come, given tradeoffs between income and leisure.

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And we can then observe that, in developed countries, we have already come a long way toward realizing this type of abundance—say, more than halfway toward a post-scarcity utopia.99 This estimate obviously omits our animal brothers and sisters, for the vast majority of whom the situation is still most dire and in urgent need of amelioration.100 * * * In these lectures, we have then gone beyond post-scarcity to talk also about what we can term post-work utopias. These are visions for a society that has achieved full automation and thereby eliminated the need for human labor. Again, we will allow the definition to be a little vague—we may count a leisure-dominated society as a post-work utopia (or dystopia) even if some modest quantity of economic work must still be done by hand. Shall we say that wealthy countries are something like between a third and half of the way toward the leisure society?

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Let me start by completing the taxonomy that I began sketching out yesterday. We’ll have to move through this quickly, as we have a lot of ground still to cover. You’ll recall that we introduced governance & culture utopias, post-scarcity utopias, and post-work utopias. We saw that the problem awaiting us as we approach technological maturity—the problem of deep redundancy— extends beyond the difficulties implied by a standard economic post-work utopia. For it is not only human economic labor that becomes redundant in such a condition, but other forms of human effort too. We looked at shopping, exercising, learning, and parenting as examples of activities that become unnecessary (with some qualifications in the case of parenting).

Tokyo Like a Local
by Dk Eyewitness

Located in the heart of Tokyo’s main geek district, Akihabara, it’s where hardcore gamers and tech developers (including some big names in the gaming industry) come to bond over a game of Atari or Mario Cart while chugging down a craft beer. g Game Night g Contents Google Map TAKKYU SAKABA PONZO Map 1; 12-7 Udagawacho, Shibuya; ///qualify.snapped.jazz; www.ponzo.jp This shabby gaming izakaya – a rare find in Tokyo – always seems to make its way into post-work Friday-night plans. Evenings here are set to the soundtrack of ping pong balls flying on and off the tables in the corner, where competitive groups get louder by the hour, fueled by all-you-can-drink cocktails. In the main area, quieter twosomes share pizza over a board game on the low tables and suited colleagues play a round of darts with a glass of sake.

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Nights pass hopping between low-key taverns, frenetic clubs, and soothing bathhouses. g Contents NIGHTLIFE Top Yokocho Favorite Izakaya Music Nights Cool Clubs Late-Night Bathing Game Night Take a Tour: An evening out in buzzing Shinjuku g NIGHTLIFE g Contents Top Yokocho Navigating a traditional yokocho, or alleyway, is a post-work custom. Packed into these narrow streets are some of the best izakaya (gastropubs) and bars, where locals head to catch up and unwind. g NIGHTLIFE g Contents Top Yokocho SANKAKU CHITAI NONBEI YOKOCHO HARMONICA YOKOCHO AMEYA-YOKOCHO EBISU YOKOCHO GOLDEN GAI OMOIDE YOKOCHO g Top Yokocho g Contents Google Map SANKAKU CHITAI Map 4; 2-15 Sangenjaya, Setagaya; ///less.clubs.arrives Don’t be nervous about entering what seems like this regulars-only, very local yokocho.

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The chef is always up for a chat, so nab a table by the open kitchen (the best seats in the house) and get talking while you tuck into taco rice. g Favorite Izakaya g Contents Google Map UOSHIN NOGIZAKA Map 5; 9-6-32 Akasaka, Minato; ///marathon.offline.parts; www.uoshins.com Giving off the ambience of a beer garden, this place ticks all the boxes for a classic post-work hangout: a lively atmosphere, affordable quality seafood, and great beer. It’s a boisterous spot when evening rolls around and groups of business workers trickle in after a long day, but it’s not intimidating thanks to its down-to-earth vibe, with diners chilling out on beer crates around haphazardly arranged tables. » Don’t leave without ordering the nokkezushi – cucumber maki rolls topped with fresh uni (sea urchin), ikura (salmon roe), and crab.

Dublin Like a Local
by Dk Eyewitness

g Green Spaces g Contents Google Map IVEAGH GARDENS Map 5; enter at Clonmel Street, St Stephen’s Green; ///feast.idea.loft; www.iveaghgardens.ie Known as Dublin’s “secret garden”, this tucked-away nook feels worlds away from the always-booming St Stephen’s Green around the corner. Workers from the surrounding offices come for a spot of lunch while friends gossip over classy picnics and a bottle of wine post-work. Gushing waterfalls and singing birds provide a blissful soundtrack. Pick up a sandwich and a coffee to go from nearby Green Bench Café to enjoy in the gardens. g Green Spaces g Contents Google Map DARTMOUTH SQUARE PARK Map 5; enter at Dartmouth Square N, Ranelagh; ///luck.fled.hotels; 01 222 5278 This pretty, leafy park is so beloved by Ranelagh residents that they stepped in to save it when it was under threat a few years ago.

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With stunning views across Dublin Bay, cute coffee shops peppered along the way for a pick-me-up and a straight route that doesn’t require much thought or planning to follow, it’s a no-brainer for a weekend wind-down. » Don’t leave without grabbing some good old fish and chips from Beshoff Bros to eat while looking out to Dublin Bay. g Scenic City Strolls g Contents Google Map DODDER RIVER Map 6; start at Lansdowne Road; ///watch.quiet.slams When Churchtown and Rathgar residents are seeking a lunchtime stroll or a post-work head-clearing session, they follow the route along their local river, passing small waterfalls and thick trees. Expect to see the same faces here daily, politely nodding at one another as they pass by. In the summer, the sights get more interesting, with groups of friends gathering on the green with their bikes, teenagers kicking a football around and fishermen knee-deep in the river.

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g Dreamy Viewpoints g Contents Google Map ALOFT DUBLIN CITY OPEN TERRACE Map 4; 7th Floor, 1 Mill Street, Liberties; ///jukebox.dine.follow; www.aloftdublincity.com A favoured haunt with Liberties residents, this rooftop bar sits on top of an unassuming hotel and is rarely frequented by those living outside the area. The contemporary, stylish terrace fits perfectly in the trendy neighbourhood, attracting glamorous groups of friends, sophisticated daters and a post-work crowd seeking killer cocktails and even better sunset views. As one of the highest buildings in the Liberties, you’ll see a side of the city that you won’t find anywhere else, with the added bonus of a distinct lack of tourists. A sweeping view of the centre’s landmarks (think the Guinness Storehouse and St Patrick’s Cathedral) and out towards the Wicklow Mountains is the perfect backdrop for animated catch-ups. » Don’t leave without heading inside to the WXYZ bar once the sun sets and the temperature drops for a dinner to complement the fine view (you can still see it through the window).

The Wealth of Humans: Work, Power, and Status in the Twenty-First Century
by Ryan Avent
Published 20 Sep 2016

The various partisans are like the allegorical blind men describing different parts of an elephant: each has his insights, but the competing stories have yet to be reconciled with each other. This book will provide that reconciliation. What is missing from the conversation is a clear explanation of how rapid technological change is compatible with both rising employment globally and disappointing growth in wages and productivity. And while it may be correct, as post-work prophets such as Ford foresee, that a world of technological prosperity and plenty awaits us in the distant future, it is wrong, I would assert, to characterize the digital revolution as something entirely different from anything that has come before. On the contrary, as this book will argue, the digital revolution is very much like the industrial revolution.

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Ray labour abundance as good problem bargaining power cognitive but repetitive collective bargaining and demographic issues discrimination and exclusion global growth of workforce and immigration liberalization in 1970s/80s ‘lump of labour’ fallacy occupational licences organized and proximity reallocation to growing industries retraining and skill acquisition and scarcity and social value work as a positive good see also employment Labour Party, British land scarcity Latvia Le Pen, Jean-Marie Le Pen, Marine legal profession Lehman Brothers collapse (2008) Lepore, Jill liberalization, economic (from 1970s) Linkner, Josh, The Road to Reinvention London Lucas, Robert Lyft maker-taker distinction Malthus, Reverend Thomas Manchester Mandel, Michael Mankiw, Gregory marketing and public relations Marshall, Alfred Marx, Karl Mason, Paul, Postcapitalism (2015) McAfee, Andrew medicine and healthcare ‘mercantilist’ world Mercedes Benz Mexico Microsoft mineral industries minimum wage Mokyr, Joel Monroe, President James MOOCs (‘massive open online courses’) Moore, Gordon mortality rates Mosaic (web browser) music, digital nation states big communities of affinity inequality between as loci of redistribution and social capital nationalist and separatist movements Netherlands Netscape New York City Newsweek NIMBYism Nordic and Scandinavian economies North Carolina North Dakota Obama, Barack oil markets O’Neill, Jim Oracle Orbán, Viktor outsourcing Peretti, Jonah Peterson Institute for International Economics pets.com Philadelphia Centennial Fair (1876) Philippines Phoenix, Arizona Piketty, Thomas, Capital in the Twenty-First Century (2013) Poland political institutions politics fractionalization in Europe future/emerging narratives geopolitical forces human wealth narrative left-wing looming upheaval/conflict Marxism nationalist and separatist movements past unrest and conflict polarization in USA radicalism and extremism realignment revolutionary right-wing rise of populist outsiders and scarcity social membership battles Poor Laws, British print media advertising revenue productivity agricultural artisanal goods and services Baumol’s Cost Disease and cities and dematerialization and digital revolution and employment trilemma and financial crisis (2008) and Henry Ford growth data in higher education of highly skilled few and industrial revolution minimum wage impact paradox of in service sector and specialization and wage rates see also factors of production professional, technical or managerial work and education levels and emerging economies the highly skilled few and industrial revolution and ‘offshoring’ professional associations skilled cities professional associations profits Progressive Policy Institute property values proximity public spending Putnam, Robert Quakebot quantitative easing Race Against the Machine, Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2011) railways Raleigh, North Carolina Reagan, Ronald redistribution and geopolitical forces during liberal era methods of nation state as locus of as a necessity as politically hard and societal openness wealth as human rent, economic Republican Party, US ‘reshoring’ phenomenon Resseger, Matthew retail sector retirement age Ricardo, David rich people and maker-taker distinction wild contingency of wealth Robinson, James robots Rodrik, Dani Romney, Mitt rule of law Russia San Francisco San Jose Sanders, Bernie sanitation SAP Saudi Arabia savings glut, global ‘Say’s Law’ Scalia, Antonin Scandinavian and Nordic economies scarcity and labour political effects of Schleicher, David Schwartz, Anna scientists Scotland Sears Second World War secular stagnation global spread of possible solutions shale deposits sharing economies Silicon Valley Singapore skilled workers and education levels and falling wages the highly skilled few and industrial revolution ‘knowledge-intensive’ goods and services reshoring phenomenon technological deskilling see also professional, technical or managerial work Slack (chat service) Slate (web publication) smartphone culture Smith, Adam social capital and American Constitution baseball metaphor and cities ‘deepening’ definition/nature of and dematerialization and developing economies and erosion of institutions of firms and companies and good government and housing wealth and immigration and income distribution during industrial revolution and liberalization and nation-states productive application of and rich-poor nation gap and Adam Smith and start-ups social class conflict middle classes and NIMBYism social conditioning of labour force working classes social democratic model social reform social wealth and social membership software ‘enterprise software’ products supply-chain management Solow, Robert Somalia South Korea Soviet Union, dissolution of (1991) specialization Star Trek state, role of steam power Subramanian, Arvind suburbanization Sweden Syriza party Taiwan TaskRabbit taxation telegraphy Tesla, Nikola Thatcher, Margaret ‘tiger’ economies of South-East Asia Time Warner Toyota trade China as ‘mega-trader’ ‘comparative advantage’ theory and dematerialization global supply chains liberalization shaping of by digital revolution Adam Smith on trade unions transhumanism transport technology self-driving cars Trump, Donald Twitter Uber UK Independence Party United States of America (USA) 2016 Presidential election campaign average income Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) Constitution deindustrialization education in employment in ethno-nationalist diversity of financial crisis (2008) housing costs in housing wealth in individualism in industrialization in inequality in Jim Crow segregation labour scarcity in Young America liberalization in minimum wage in political polarization in post-crisis profit rates productivity boom of 1990s real wage data rising debt levels secular stagnation in shale revolution in social capital in and social wealth surpasses Britain as leading nation wage subsidies in university education advanced degrees downward mobility of graduates MOOCs (‘massive open online courses’) and productivity see also education urbanization utopias, post-work Victoria, Queen video-gamers Virginia, US state Volvo Vox wages basic income policy Baumol’s Cost Disease cheap labour and employment growth and dot.com boom and financial crisis (2008) and flexibility and Henry Ford government subsidies and housing costs and immigration and industrial revolution low-pay as check on automation minimum wage and productivity the ‘reservation wage’ as rising in China rising in emerging economies and scarcity in service sector and skill-upgrading approach stagnation of and supply of graduates Wandsworth Washington D.C.

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Washington Nationals Watt, James wealth and income distribution absurdity of inequities and capital investment challenge of labour abundance decline of ‘labour share’ economic insecurity increasing and education levels and employment trilemma global changes in 21st-century and housing wealth impact of falling wages impact of scarcity and industrial revolution during liberal era maker-taker distinction in post-war period and post-work utopias and rich/elite cities rich-poor nation gap and secular stagnation and social capital and social wealth wealth as human wild contingency of wealth see also inequality; redistribution; rich people Weil, David welfare and social-safety institutions basic income policy and big states and ethno-nationalist separatism in Nordic countries Werth, Jayson Wikipedia World Trade Organization world wars World’s Fairs, nineteenth-century Yelp YouTube About the Author RYAN AVENT is an economics correspondent for the Economist.

Brave New World of Work
by Ulrich Beck
Published 15 Jan 2000

This book represents one attempt to do this – which is why it belongs to the category of ‘visionary non-fiction’.5 The argument is non-fiction because, in describing both the present and the future state of things, it has recourse to all imaginable and available arguments, data, concepts and models. It is visionary because, in opposition to the unexpressed self-perpetuation of the work society, it presents the embryonic vision of a post-work society whose basic features and traces can already be glimpsed today, in a new translocal and transnational sense of political civil society. The reader will be able to decide at the end whether this vision is plausible, eccentric, fantastic or realistic – or perhaps even all together.6 Notes 1 W.

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The new technologies promise hugely increased production of goods and services in the twenty-first century, but only a fraction of the numbers employed today will be needed for it. Since virtual firms and factories almost empty of people are what the future holds in store, every person and every country must consider the question of how society, democracy, freedom and social security will be possible in the post-work society. Scenario 3: the world market – the neoliberal jobs miracle Black magic, is the answer that the world power of neoliberalism gives to this question. Just look at the United States! Look at Asia! Full-employment societies blossoming on all sides. Of course, such references to the tiger economies have become rather out-dated, now that they are one of the world's crisis regions.

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Moreover, deregulation of the labour market tends to see off the corporately organized employee society, which used to pacify the class struggle between labour and capital by harmonizing a capitalist supply-side dynamic with a series of rights for ‘working citizens’. With the informalization of labour relations and contractual conditions, union-free zones are also spreading to the heart of the Western post-work society. Many countries of the non-Western world are considered weak states. If the neoliberal revolution continues, legitimation crises with open violence akin to civil war may be studied as one aspect of the West's future that is already present in the countries of the South. All this underlines two points: first, the urgency of a framework to analyse the world we inhabit under the risk regime, the world risk society, and to reveal the hidden connections, likenesses, oppositions and new lines of conflict between Western and non-Western countries; second, the need to break the spell of the work society and to outline the basic features and visions of a European model for the post-work society.

Portland Like a Local
by DK

SHOP Portlanders love supporting local makers and crafting their own unique styles, so it’s no surprise they prefer to shop at indie boutiques and vintage stores over malls and chain stores. On weekends, it’s a good idea to get to vintage stores early if you want to grab the best finds. Shops tend to open around 10am, with many not closing until 7 or 8pm (so 9-to-5ers can make it post-work). A heads up: while paper bags only cost 5 cents (single-use plastic bags are banned), make like a local and carry a tote. ARTS & CULTURE While most of Portland’s independent galleries are free to enter, some of its museums and historic sights do charge an admissions fee (around $10). The city’s historic movie theaters can get busy during the evenings, especially those that serve food and local brews (which many of them do), so book tickets in advance or arrive early.

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g Dive Bars g Contents Google Map PAYMASTER LOUNGE Map 2; 1020 NW 17th Avenue, Pearl District; ///choice.merit.single; www.paymasterlounge.com This labyrinthine dive is famous for having the best patio west of the Willamette. Grab a seat underneath the massive corrugated roof (warmed by hot-as-hell heat lamps during winter) and kick back with a cheap drink. It’s a frequent hangout for post-work 9-to-5-ers and off-duty bartenders, who come here to play pool and blow off steam. » Don’t leave without checking out the eclectic vending machines, which stock everything from retro sweets to fake moustaches. g Dive Bars g Contents Google Map YAMHILL PUB Map 1; 223 SW Yamhill Street, Downtown; ///zones.spices.bolt Like a grease stain on a freshly tailored Armani suit, the Yamhill Pub carries on in brash defiance against its chi-chi capitalist surroundings.

Berlin Like a Local
by Dk Eyewitness

This urban garden isn’t prettified (suitcases and basketballs are planters), but it’s a dreamy spot to just sit between beds of Swiss chard and enjoy the sun. g Community Gardens and Urban Farms g Contents  Google Map HORSTWIRTSCHAFT Map 3; Karl-Marx-Strasse 66, Neukölln; ///gliders.tailed.sobered; www.horstwirtschaft.de Nothing says Berlin like a community garden nestled in a rooftop bar. Visit during the week and you’ll join a post-work crowd of creatives and techies growing some kale, downing tools only to sip an Aperol Spritz and jam to tunes, courtesy of an in-house DJ. Outdoors | Community Gardens and Urban Farms Liked by the locals “In a city full of apartment dwellers, Berlin’s community-driven green spaces are a welcome change of scenery: a chance to get outside, feel the soil between your fingers and reconnect with nature.”

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Once you emerge from the woods, a sloped sandy beach leads down to the lake. Bronzed couples and families gravitate to this hidden spot in summer months for some quiet time, cooling off in the little lake’s calm waters. g Swimming Spots g Contents  Google Map PLÖTZENSEE Map 6; Nordufer 26, Wedding; ///dish.dean.tens No one ever resists a post-work trip to Plötzensee. Not only is the central bathing beach on the western shore easy to reach by bike, it’s a laidback spot to cool off and engage in some uninhibited sunbathing, thanks to a friendly FKK section. The carefree vibes ramp up a notch at the weekend, when DJs provide a soundtrack of summery tunes for volleyball matches on the sand.

Vancouver Like a Local
by Jacqueline Salomé

g Rooftops and Patios g Contents Google Map D/6 BAR & LOUNGE Map 1; 39 Smithe Street, Yaletown; ///veal.respond.units; www.parqvancouver.com D/6 is the epitome of bougie rooftop cool. Up on the sixth floor of the Parq Vancouver hotel, this indoor-outdoor cocktail bar is a see-and-be-seen kind of place, with swanky decor and a fashionable post-work crowd sipping drinks like the Billionaire Martini (made with truffle vermouth, no less). It’s the location that steals the show, though – the patio feels like it’s magically suspended between the skyscrapers. » Don’t leave without checking out the Hidden Lounge – a secret bar hidden behind a bookcase inside.

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g Wine Bars g Contents Google Map JUICE BAR Map 2; 54 Alexander Street, Gastown; ///glee.latest.miracle; www.juicebaryvr.com By day, it’s a well-loved café called The Birds & the Beets. At 4pm, however, cups of coffee are swapped for glasses of natural wine (made with organic or biodynamic grapes) and the space transforms into this combination bar and bottle shop. The whole place buzzes with loud, happy conversation, as the post-work crowd kick back with a glass of the city’s finest. Ask at the Juice Bar for anything by Sunday in August. The B.C. winery always knocks it out of the park. g Wine Bars g Contents Google Map BAR SUSU Map 4; 209 E 6th Avenue, Mount Pleasant; ///rock.deputy.cheater; www.thisisbarsusu.com In late 2021, the owners of Published on Main decided they wanted to open a casual wine bar.

Copenhagen Like a Local
by DK

g DRINK g Contents Cocktail Joints Jojo Vesterbro Brønnum Móshù Cocktail Club Vang & Bar Brass Monkey Lidkoeb Balderdash g Cocktail Joints g Contents Google Map JOJO VESTERBRO Map 2; Sundevedsgade 4, Vesterbro; ///animate.back.enable; www.jojovesterbro.dk Combining the stylish interior and drinks menu of a cocktail bar with the friendly, faithful crowd of a brown bar, Jojo Vesterbro is always a popular post-work choice. And with drinks starting at only 50DKK a pop, you can see why. Join the regulars in the bright pink-and-blue interior over espresso martinis, palomas or low-alcohol options (made with organic ingredients, of course). g Cocktail Joints g Contents Google Map BRØNNUM Map 4; August Bournonvilles Passage 1, Indre By; ///magic.healthier.launched; www.bronnumcph.dk We thought twice about letting the secret out about Brønnum, but this place is too good to miss.

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g Swimming Spots g Contents Google Map SANDKAJ Map 6; Sandkaj 27, Nordhavn; ///entrust.giggle.dabbing A community of thick-skinned regulars swim here through the winter but, for more sensitive souls, it’s the first signs of summer that put this harbour bath on the map. Sun-worshippers bag a spot on the modern pier while office workers take a post-work dip in the water. Having worked up an appetite, they make a beeline for one of the nearby restaurants as soon as the sun drops below the horizon. g Swimming Spots g Contents Google Map HAVNEVIGEN Map 5; Vilhelm Buhls Gade, Islands Brygge; ///gripes.belonged.seating This manicured bathing area isn’t on most peoples’ radar, so the young professionals who live around here usually have it all to themselves; some even have terraces that lead straight into the water, perfect for a quick dip.

Boston Like a Local
by Dk Eyewitness

g Special Occasion g Contents Google Map MIDA Map 3; 782 Tremont Street, South End ///oasis.busy.merit; www.midarestaurant.com/mida-boston This buzzy South End eatery is proficient in all things pasta, treating hungry punters to decadent rock shrimp carbonara and hearty ricotta manicotti – plus a whole laundry list of other carb bombs. Drop by for a pay-day treat with your workmates: the large windows and open kitchen make it a good shout for a round of post-work people-watching. » Don’t leave without bookmarking the Mangia Monday deal. This menu-for-two includes five decadent pasta entrées. g Special Occasion g Contents Google Map FIELD & VINE Map 4; 9 Sanborn Court, Somerville; ///tolls.count.hurt; www.fieldandvinesomerville.com It’s all about sustainable farming and locally sourced produce at Field & Vine, with seafood, greens, and even wine and beer chosen with the environment in mind.

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Beneath the café’s wooden beams, chemistry-style equipment is used to whip up creative coffees, which keep remote workers going from morning into afternoon. Once the clock strikes 5pm, laptops are stuffed back into bags, the lights grow dim, and folk toast a successful day’s work over a glass of beer or wine. » Don’t leave without trying the café’s award-winning Scarlet Espresso Martini – it’s perfect as a postwork pick-me-up. g DRINK g Contents An evening exploring Boston’s Irish pubs Everyone knows that Bostonians love talking about their Irish heritage – this is the US’s most Irish city, after all, with around 20 percent of the population claiming links with the Emerald Isle. Sure enough, this means that Boston is awash with traditional Irish pubs, with some of the best joints found in Downtown, just northeast of Southie, the heart of the city’s Irish community.

Hired: Six Months Undercover in Low-Wage Britain
by James Bloodworth
Published 1 Mar 2018

Politicians were in it for themselves, and it was a sign of something worse if they were not – the mark of a fanatic. The tremendous effort that Admiral went to to make work fun was really an attempt to portray themselves as one of us rather than one of them. 13 The ‘post-work’ world has become a media talking point now that the jobs of affluent professionals are threatened with automation. Yet there are parts of Britain that have long inhabited something resembling a ‘post-work’ realm. Indeed, at times the Valleys look an awful lot like a precursor to an automated – and therefore jobless – future. Putting a little bit more money into people’s pockets would have been welcome, certainly; but few here believed it would solve the myriad problems that stemmed from the loss of work.

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.: These Poor Hands 23, 149, 190 courier firms 211, 215, 217, 223, 236, 244–7, 250, 256, 257 Cwm, Wales 147, 148, 187, 190, 195, 196, 197 Cwmbran, Wales 143 Daily Express 124–5 Daily Mail 66, 134, 188 Dan (bicycle courier) 248, 249 Dangerfield, George 72 Davies, Idris 148–9 Gwalia Deserta (Wasteland of Wales) 148 ‘The Angry Summer’ 174 debt 62, 69, 146, 151, 153 Deliveroo 215, 217, 223, 250, 256, 257 democratic socialists 192 Department for Work and Pensions 133 Dickens, Charles 29, 205, 210, 249; Hard Times 138–9 Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) 88–90, 109–10, 214 Dorothy (housemate of JB) 203, 204–5 DriveNow 217 Dropit 217 Eastern Europe, migrant workers from 11, 13, 15, 21, 24, 26–7, 30, 32, 33, 34, 45, 57, 61–2, 75, 114–16, 128–9, 154, 203–4, 260–1 see also under individual nation name Ebbw Vale, Wales 147, 149, 154; legacy of de-industrialisation in 187–200 Elborough, Travis 93 emergency housing 96 employment agencies 1, 16, 19, 20, 23, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 56, 65–6, 70, 72, 73, 82, 86, 127, 130, 158, 189, 194 see also under individual agency name Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) 248 employment contracts/classification: Amazon 19–20, 53, 58 care sector 87–8, 107–8, 116 Uber 214–15, 222, 229–35, 243, 245, 250–2, 257 zero-hours see zero-hours contracts employment tribunals 38, 229–30, 243–4 English seaside, debauchery and 92–3 Enterprise Rent-A-Car 214 ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) programmes 115–16 European Economic Community (EEC) 195 European Referendum (2016) 61, 195–6 Evening Standard 208, 241 Express & Star 59–60 Fabian Society 109 Farrar, James 229–31, 232, 233, 234, 236, 238, 240, 241–2, 250, 254, 255–6 Fellows of the Academies of Management 17 Fernie, Sue 182 financial crisis (2008) 1, 2, 45, 125, 195, 209 Flash (former miner) 165–8, 170, 171–2, 174, 175, 176–8, 179, 188, 196 Fleet News 246 Foot, Michael 149 football 56, 58, 92, 94, 97, 98, 126, 135, 169 fruit picking 61 FTSE 123, 262 Gag Mag 122 Gallagher, Patrick 246 Gary (homeless man, Blackpool) 96–104, 105 Gaz (Gag Mag seller, Blackpool) 122 GDP 146 General Election (2015) 109 General Strike (1926) 148, 149, 173 gentrification 219 Geoff (former miner) 189, 190, 191, 193 ‘gig’ economy 2, 208–10, 217–18, 232, 236, 242, 243–4, 248, 249–50, 252, 257 see also Uber Gissing, George: New Grub Street 64 GMB union 36 grammar schools 261 Guardian 5, 235 Hamstead Colliery, Great Barr 169 Hazel (home carer) 110–11, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119 Heller, Joseph: Catch-22 235–6 Hemel Hempstead 54, 70 Henley, William Ernest: ‘England, My England’ vii Hoggart, Richard: The Uses of Literacy 45 home care worker (domiciliary care worker): Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) checks 88–90, 109–10 employment contracts 87–8, 107–8, 116, 118, 120 length of home care visits 108–9, 110 local authority budget cuts and 107–10 MAR (Medication Administration Record) sheets 114, 115 migrant workers as 114–16 negligent 86–7 privatisation of social care and 106–8, 109 recruitment 82–4 ‘shadowing’ process 88, 109–10 societal view of 106 staffing crisis 85–6, 119 suicide rate among 100 typical day/workload 110–14, 118 unions and 88 view job as vocation 86–7 wages/pay 107–8, 117, 118–19, 159 Home Instead 119 homelessness 95–105, 138, 187, 208 hostels 95, 96, 101, 102 housing/accommodation: Amazon workers, Rugeley 20–2, 24–6 Blackpool 80, 124, 137–8 buy-to-let housing market 24 emergency housing 96 homelessness and 95, 96, 101, 102, 137–8 hostels 95, 96, 101, 102 inability to buy 62 landlords and 12, 21, 24, 39, 67, 69, 95–6, 137–8, 164, 204, 206, 258 London 203–8 migrant workers and 20–2, 24–6, 197–8 social housing 62, 206 Swansea 124, 150 housing benefit 96, 137–8, 248 immigration 26–7, 61, 115–16, 128–9, 144, 193, 197–9, 236, 259–61 see also migrant workers indeed.co.uk 83–4 independent contractors 209, 248, 251–2 Independent Workers Union of Great Britain (IWGB) 230, 257 inequality 18, 73, 123, 125, 207–8, 226, 238, 262, 263 inflation 2, 122 job centres 19, 96, 133–6, 139–40, 156, 158 Joe (housemate of JB) 22 John Lewis 23, 83 Joseph Rowntree Foundation 70, 159 June (call centre employee) 181–2, 183, 184 Kalanick, Travis 215, 228, 229, 233, 235 Kelly, Kath 66 Khan, Sadiq 256 Koestler, Arthur: The God that Failed 228 Labour Party 7, 57, 59, 61, 109, 144, 149, 150, 173, 174 Ladbroke Road, Notting Hill, London 219 Lamb, Norman 109 Lancashire Evening Post 104–5 landlords, private 12, 21, 24, 39, 67, 69, 95–6, 137–8, 164, 204, 206, 258 Lea Hall Colliery, Staffordshire 31–2, 54, 55, 56, 57 Lea Hall Miners’ Social Club, Staffordshire 55, 56, 74 Len (step-grandfather of JB) 143–4 Lili (London) 203–4 living wage 1, 85, 160, 246 Lloyd George, David 172 loan sharks 151, 156 local councils 104–5, 164 London 201–57 accommodation/housing in 65, 203–8, 218 gentrification in 219 ‘gig’ economy in 208–57, 263 homelessness in 95 migrant labour in 205–6, 213, 239 wealth divide in 207–8, 238 London Congestion Charge 254 London Courier Emergency Fund (LCEF) 247 London Metropolitan Police 90 London, Jack 205 low-skilled jobs, UK economy creation of 153 Lydia (Amazon employee) 70 Macmillan, Harold 3 manufacturing jobs, disappearance of 59, 139 Marine Colliery, Cwm, Wales 190 Mayhew, Henry 4, 205 McDonald’s 52, 68, 83 Merkel, Angela 196 Metcalf, David 182 middle-class 6, 39, 51, 67, 68, 69, 72–3, 74, 75, 149, 178, 205, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263 migrant labour: Amazon use of 11, 12, 13, 15, 20, 21, 22–7, 30, 32, 33, 34, 44, 45, 46, 51, 53, 57, 61–2, 65, 71–5, 258, 260–1 care home workers 114–16 ‘gig’ economy and 203–6, 213, 239 restaurant workers 154 retail sector and 128–9 Miliband, Ed 109 mining see coal mining Miners’ Federation of Great Britain (MFGB) 173 Miners’ Strike (1984–5) 3, 174–7 minimum wage 1, 7, 55, 62, 84, 107, 108, 118, 135, 155, 159, 173, 189–90, 209, 212, 235, 236, 245, 250, 262 Morecambe, Lancashire 137–8 Morgan family 156–8 Morgan, Huw: How Green Was My Valley 147 Moyer-Lee, Jason 257 National Coal Board (NCB) 54, 170, 171 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 108 National Union of Miners (NUM) 174, 176 New York Times 222 NHS (National Health Service) 106, 108, 247 Nirmal (Amazon employee) 45–6, 51 Norbert (Amazon employee) 71–5 nostalgia 3, 60, 93–4, 216 Nottingham 2, 151–2 objectivism 228 oil crisis (1973) 122–3 Oliver, Jamie 154 Orwell, George 56, 169 Palmer, William 29 pay see wages and under individual job title and employer name payday loans 156 PayPal 216 Pimlico Plumbers 251–2 platform capitalism 215 PMP Recruitment 19, 189–90 Poland, migrant workers from 128–9, 130, 135, 197–8 ‘poor, the’ 145 Port Talbot, Wales 166, 176, 190, 196 ‘post-truth’ discourse 199 ‘post-work’ world 165 poverty: Blackpool and 132, 137 class and 4 darkness and 96 diet/weight and 137 ease of slipping into 5 Eastern Europe and 26 monthly salary and 156 as a moral failing 188–9 press treatment of 66–7 time and 67 working poor living in 194 Preston, Lancashire 100, 105, 138–9 private school system 123 progressive thought 262 Public Accounts Committee (PAC) 107 Putin, Vladimir 71 Rand, Ayn 228–9, 235, 236; The Fountainhead 228, 229 recession (2008) 1, 45, 104, 121, 125, 156 ‘regeneration’ 55, 60–1, 146 rent-to-own 157–8 retirement, working in 58–9 Reve, Gerard: The Evenings 160 Robin (Cwm) 196, 197 Rochelle (home care worker) 117–19 Romania, migrant workers from 11, 12, 13, 15, 20, 21, 22–7, 32, 44, 46, 51, 53, 61, 65, 71–5, 203, 206, 258 Ron (former miner) 170, 195 Royal London 59 Royal London pub, Wolverhampton 71 Royal Mail 151 Rugeley, Staffordshire 28–35 Amazon distribution centre in 11–76, 79, 86, 119, 127, 128, 159, 258 decline of coal mining industry in 31–2, 54–6, 57, 169 disappearance of manufacturing jobs from 54–63 high street 28–35 immigration and 30–4, 193–4 Tesco and 58–9, 62–3 Scargill, Arthur 175 scientific management theories 17 Scotland Yard 90 self-employment: ’gig’ economy and 214–15, 222, 229–30, 234, 243–4, 245, 246, 249, 250–1 increase in numbers of workers 2, 209 ‘independent contractors’ and 209, 248, 251–2 Selwyn (former miner) 175, 178, 179, 263–4 Senghenydd, Glamorgan pit explosion (1913) 169–70 Shelter 104 Shirebrook Colliery, Derbyshire 55 Shu, William 250 Silicon Valley, California 210, 232 Sillitoe, Alan: Saturday Night and Sunday Morning 2, 3, 94 Sky Sports News 126 social democracy 3, 263 social housing 62, 206 socialism 7, 56, 131, 144, 148, 149, 173 social mobility 58, 199, 261 South Wales Miners’ Museum, Afan Argoed 166, 196 South Wales Valleys 141–200 accommodation in 150, 197 Amazon in 145–6 beauty of 148 call centre jobs in 153–64, 180–6 coal industry and 143–4, 147–9, 165–79, 180, 188, 189, 190–1, 193, 195, 196 immigration and 197–9 JB’s family history and 143–4 legacy of de-industrialisation in 187–200 nostalgia and 147 radical history of 149–50 see also under individual place name ‘spice’ 95 Sports Direct 55 squatting 96, 99 steel industry 176, 180, 188, 189, 190, 196–7 Steven (housemate of JB) 124, 126, 127–31 Stoke-on-Trent 58–9 suicide 99–100 Sunday Times 175 ‘Best Companies to Work For’ 154 Rich List 125 Swansea, Wales 145–6, 150–2, 154–64, 176, 178, 197, 205 Tata Steel 190 tax 65, 69, 70, 118, 146, 158, 159, 163, 164, 212, 229, 244, 246, 248, 251, 255 Taylor, Frederick W.: The Principles of Scientific Management 17 Tesco 35, 57, 58–9, 62–3 Thatcher, Margaret 122, 123, 146, 174–5, 193, 207, 263–4 Thorn Automation 57 Thorn EMI 59 trade unions: Amazon and 36 B&M and 130, 131 call centres and 160, 181, 184–5, 186 care sector and 88 coal industry decline and 55–6, 173, 174, 263–4 decline of 2, 3, 35 ‘gig’ economy and 230, 257, 261 objectivism and 228 oil crisis (1973) and 122 Thatcher and 123, 174, 193, 263–4 Wales and 144, 149 see also under individual union name Trades Union Congress (TUC) 173 transgender people 40–1 Transline Group 19, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 65–6, 86 Transport for London (TFL) 211, 212–13, 214, 233, 254, 256 Tredegar Workmen’s Medical Aid Society 247 Trefil, Wales 149 Trump, Donald 7 Uber 207, 211–57 ‘account status’ 221 clocking in at 218 corporation tax and 229 customers 221, 222, 226–7, 237–41, 244, 257 driver costs/expenses 214, 217, 233, 241, 246, 253–5 driver employment classification/contract 214–15, 222, 229–35, 243, 245, 250–2, 257 driver hours 221, 226, 230, 232, 233, 236, 246, 253, 255 driver numbers 211–13, 233–5 driver wages/pay 212, 218, 221, 229–30, 235, 236, 237, 240, 241, 244, 246, 252–5 employment tribunal against (2016) 229–34 flexibility of working for 213–14, 218, 230–3, 248, 250–1 James Farrar and see Farrar, James migrant labour and 213, 236 ‘Onboarding’ class 224–5, 238, 241, 256 opposition to 215–17 philosophy of 228–9, 235, 236 psychological inducements for drivers 222–3 rating system 225–7, 232, 238, 239, 243, 253 rejecting/accepting jobs 221–2, 224–5 ride process 219–21 surge pricing 237, 238, 253 TFL and 211, 212–13, 214, 233, 254, 256 Travis Kalanick and see Kalanick, Travis UberEATS 256 UberPOOL 225, 240–2, 253, 255–6 UberX 212, 225, 240, 241, 255 VAT and 229 vehicle requirements 214 unemployment 2, 32, 36, 62, 121–3, 132, 138, 148, 157, 172, 178, 179, 189–95, 199, 218 Unison 88, 108 Unite 55, 160 United Private Hire Drivers 230, 257 university education 3, 6, 61, 62, 123, 150–1, 152, 153–4 USDAW 130–1 Vettesse, Tony 138 Vicky (care sector supervisor) 86, 87 Wade, Alan 121, 123–4 wages: Amazon 18, 19, 37–9, 42–3, 65–6, 68, 69, 70, 159 call centre 155–6, 158–60, 164, 180 care sector 107–8, 117, 118–19, 159 living wage 1, 85, 160, 246 minimum wage 1, 7, 55, 62, 84, 107, 108, 118, 135, 155, 159, 173, 189–90, 209, 212, 235, 236, 245, 250, 262 Uber 212, 218, 221, 229–30, 235, 236, 237, 240, 241, 244, 246, 252–5 wage stagnation 2 see also under individual employer, job and sector name Wealth and Assets Survey 207–8 wealth inequality 18, 73, 123, 125, 207–8, 238 Wells, H.

Korea--Culture Smart!
by Culture Smart!
Published 15 Jun 201

A Western woman in South Korea may find that she is not treated as she would be at home, even if she is conducting business in her own right. Usually the courtesy extended to a visitor will ensure that she is well received during ordinary business transactions—she will be invited to lunch or dinner, especially if this is in a Western restaurant. However, she is unlikely to be included in post-work entertainment, particularly if this is to include a late-night drinking session. In North Korea, foreign female visitors will probably not find such discrimination, partly because some of the entertainment outlets available in the South do not exist in the North. ATTITUDES TOWARD FOREIGNERS Most Koreans, North and South, are extremely polite to foreigners.

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Remember also that Korean laughter will not always be related to humor; Koreans often laugh to hide embarrassment or to soften bad news, so be careful how you interpret their actions. BUSINESS ENTERTAINMENT As well as formal dinners, which are usually held in upmarket restaurants, the Koreans also go in for informal post-work, or post-dinner, entertainment. This involves more food and very macho drinking rounds. Poktanjoo is a way of mixing whiskey and beer, and downing it in one go. The Kisaeng Party At the apex of the entertaining world in South Korea are kisaeng houses, where well-trained women entertain customers.

21 Lessons for the 21st Century
by Yuval Noah Harari
Published 29 Aug 2018

Yet even if enough government help is forthcoming, it is far from clear whether billions of people could repeatedly reinvent themselves without losing their mental balance. Hence, if despite all our efforts a significant percentage of humankind is pushed out of the job market, we would have to explore new models for post-work societies, post-work economies, and post-work politics. The first step is to honestly acknowledge that the social, economic and political models we have inherited from the past are inadequate for dealing with such a challenge. Take, for example, communism. As automation threatens to shake the capitalist system to its foundation, one might suppose that communism could make a comeback.

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But if it is aimed at making people subjectively more satisfied with their lot and preventing social discontent, it is likely to fail. To really achieve its goals, universal basic support will have to be supplemented by some meaningful pursuits, ranging from sports to religion. Perhaps the most successful experiment so far in how to live a contented life in a post-work world has been conducted in Israel. There, about 50% of ultra-Orthodox Jewish men never work. They dedicate their lives to studying holy scriptures and performing religious rituals. They and their families don’t starve partly because the wives often work, and partly because the government provides them with generous subsidies and free services, making sure that they don’t lack the basic necessities of life.

Mythology of Work: How Capitalism Persists Despite Itself
by Peter Fleming
Published 14 Jun 2015

When considering the present nature of work, I would go so far as to say that a critique of the state form is perhaps more pertinent than that of any other institution presently regulating our lives, including the multinational firm. In the following chapters, I focus on six themes that I believe we ought to comprehensively understand if we are to develop a post-work future. Some of the analyses developed here are somewhat bleak. However, I hope this tone is never at the expense of the optimistic conviction that a world beyond work is both desirable and feasible. Moreover, each chapter puts forward concrete suggestions about how we might conceptualize this life after work.

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Instead, I aim to focus on a number of emergent trends that I believe warrant our attention in relation to the way work has ballooned into its own ideological trope that so many find inescapable. In undertaking this exercise, we are able to more clearly identify facets of work that I will explore in more depth in forthcoming chapters and emphasise issues that are salient for the post-work movement presently gathering steam in neoliberal societies. Why Focus on Work? Important from the outset is to provide some conceptual reassurance about the centrality of work in the late-capitalist situation. If we position work as the dominant political problem in neoliberal societies, then we must account for recent arguments suggesting that work is of secondary importance in light of other socio-economic developments.

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Emancipatory dialogue within the neoliberal setting must be recalibrated to avoid the recuperative traps we have noted above. If one must speak with power at all, then caution, care and circumspection are required. The first recalibration might be labelled ‘over-identification’; this has been explored a little in the post-work literature (see Fleming and Spicer, 2010). The idea here is relatively straightforward. Because much of the ideology in the biopolitical enterprise (e.g. self-managing teams, democracy, freedom, open speech, etc.) is not meant to be taken literally, it must invariably rely upon a subtextual negation that must not be fully articulated.

Work in the Future The Automation Revolution-Palgrave MacMillan (2019)
by Robert Skidelsky Nan Craig
Published 15 Mar 2020

Luddite-like anxiety has been fuelled by a fear of a future where jobs are scarce in number and where poverty levels increase significantly. Yet, by contrast, there has been the hope that automation processes will deliver a better future where human freedom is enlarged. Indeed, some writers have championed automation as a route to a superior ‘post-work’ society (Gorz 1985). Such concerns and hopes have resurfaced in the present, due to predictions of mass job losses via automation (see Spencer 2018). The evolution of machine learning and artificial intelligence, it is claimed, will allow for the replacement of human workers across myriad jobs.

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Wants, 3, 30, 88 Neoclassical economics, 4, 55, 60, 62, 73 Netherlands, the/Holland, 6, 68, 151, 163, 177, 181–183 Network effects, 138 Networks, 45, 48, 138, 196 Neumann, John von, 99 New Zealand, 179 Nübler, Irmgard, 6, 194, 196 Index O Obama, Barack, 164, 165, 171 Obligation, 38, 53, 73–79 Occupations, 16, 40, 41, 46, 47, 58, 70, 83, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 106, 178, 184, 190–192, 194 OECD, 66–68, 178 O’Neil, Cathy, 6 Ontology of work, 65 Organisations dynamics of, 164 Osborne, Michael, 90 Oswald, A, 60 209 Pre-modern/pre-industrial work, 3, 11, 47, 48 Productivity, 7, 10, 79, 86, 87, 176, 178–180, 183–185, 190–192, 199 Professional work, 1, 39 Profits (different profit models), 14–18, 30, 48, 75, 79, 93, 134, 135, 138, 152, 191 Protestant work ethic, 28 Public services, 94, 167 Puritan (view of work), 28, 75, 166 R P Painting Fool, The, 115, 116, 120 Parenting, 75, 76 Patocka, Jan, 9, 21 Pattern recognition, 129 Peasant labour, 41 Perez, Carlota, 192 Philosophy of work, 30 Physical labour, 3 Piasna, Agnieszka, 181, 183 Piece-work, 30 Platform economy/platform capitalism, 6, 140 Polanyi, Karl, 192, 193 Polanyi, Michael, 127 Policy (argument against), 7, 21, 67, 68, 95, 157–173, 180, 181, 183–185, 189–200 Population, 2, 12, 15–17, 19, 28, 30, 89, 90, 117, 147, 158, 172, 198 Postmates, 136 Post-work society, 59 Poverty, 15, 47, 59, 67, 177 Redistribution, 79, 169, 199 Redundancy, 10, 12, 15–17, 19, 78, 179 Religion/religious ritual, 12, 28, 194 Remittances, 40 Responsibility, 44, 47, 76–79, 106, 107, 115, 118, 136 Retail sector, 87, 137 Retirement, 19, 67, 78 Ricardo, David, 2, 13–17 Robinson, James, 194 Robotisation, 21, 94, 95, 192 Robots carers, 106 Romantic (view of work), 34, 35 Ruskin, John, 34 S Safety nets, 67, 68 Sahlins, Marshall, 26, 158 Salazar-Xirinachs, Jose M., 198 Schumpeter, Joseph, 190, 194 Scientific management, 30 Scott, James C., 28 210 Index Searle, John, 100–103 Self-employment, 69–70, 75 Self-realisation, 57, 165 Sennett, Richard, 3 Services/service sector low frequency vs. high frequency, 134 work, 40, 68, 161, 163 Singularity, 116 Skidelsky, Edward, 60, 176 Skidelsky, Robert, 60, 176 Skills acquisition, 33, 70 skilled vs. unskilled labour/jobs, 67 Slavery, 11, 29, 30, 45 Smartphones, 140 Smiles, Samuel, 28 Smith, Adam, 12, 13, 27, 35, 54, 55, 65 Smith, Rob, 177 Social drawing rights, 70 Social interaction, 53, 88, 91 Social media, 77, 138, 168 Societal knowledge base, 196–197 Sociology (of work), 166 Spencer, David, 4, 54, 59, 61 Spinning mills (cotton industry?)

Working the Phones: Control and Resistance in Call Centres
by Jamie Woodcock
Published 20 Nov 2016

Co-operative, 1883), www.marxists.org/archive/lafargue/1883/ lazy 68. Christopher Taylor, ‘The Refusal of Work: From the Postemancipation Caribbean to Post-Fordist Empire’, Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism, Vol. 18, No. 2: 44 (2014), p. 1. 69. Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Durham: Duke University Press, 2011). 70. Hardt and Negri, Empire (2001). 71. Taylor, ‘The Refusal of Work’ (2014), p. 3. 72. Ibid., p. 4. 73. Ibid., p. 7. 74. C. L. R. James, The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution (London: Penguin, 2001). 75. David R.

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Walker, P. (2010) ‘BA Flights Disrupted despite End of Three-Day Strike’, The Guardian, 23 March, www.theguardian.com/business/2010/ mar/23/ba-flights-cancelled-strike Walters, S. (2002) ‘Female Part-Time Workers’ Attitudes to Trade Unions in Britain’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 49–68. Weeks, K. (2011) The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries, Durham: Duke University Press. Williams, S. and Adam-Smith, D. (2009) ‘Web Case: Trade Unions and the Prospects for Unionization in the Service Sector’, In Contemporary Employment Relations: A Critical Introduction, edited by S. Williams and D. Adam-Smith, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Work Optional: Retire Early the Non-Penny-Pinching Way
by Tanja Hester
Published 12 Feb 2019

This section also covers strategies to speed up your progress toward your savings goal by increasing earnings and decreasing spending, perhaps by changing to a higher-paid career path or moving to a lower-cost-of-living area, and to build in contingency plans to create extra safety and security. Part III gets back to the life part, when life after work becomes optional, planning how you’ll adapt to a post-work life financially and emotionally, prioritize your well-being, and make the most of your newfound free time. Most of all, this part is about actually living your best life. Throughout the book, I share our story so that you can see one possible route to early retirement: how Mark and I envisioned the work-optional life we wanted to live instead of the work-centered conventional one, how we built our financial plan behind that, and the completely doable steps we took to make it our reality in a short period of time.

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So the way premiums and subsidies are calculated is unlikely to change anytime soon, though funding for the subsidies themselves is consistently under threat. To get a sense of how much an ACA plan might cost, visit Healthcare.gov or your state exchange site and enter your location, your family size and ages, and your expected post-work optional income. (Remember that if you sell a share of stock for $150 that you paid $100 for, only $50 of that is income.) Health care premiums and subsidies are based off a number called your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI), a number that does not appear anywhere on your tax return. Essentially, it’s your total income minus deductions for qualified retirement plans like 401(k)s and IRAs, as well as any alimony you paid, and any student loan interest you’re eligible to deduct from your taxable income.

Live Work Work Work Die: A Journey Into the Savage Heart of Silicon Valley
by Corey Pein
Published 23 Apr 2018

But if you were really ambitious you’d know that “media” was out and “platforms” were in, and that the measure—excuse me, the “metric”—that investors used to judge platform companies was attention, because this ephemeral thing, attention, could be sold to advertisers for cash. So if someone asked “What’s your space?” and you had a deeply unfashionable job like, say, writer, it behooved you to say “I deliver eyeballs like a fucking ninja.” In my former life I’d have sooner gouged my own eyeballs out than describe myself in such a way, but in postrecession, postboom, postwork, postshame San Francisco, we all did what we had to do to survive. III Gigs Make Us Free I envied the tech workers even as I pitied them. The paychecks weren’t bad at all, and the benefits were downright Dionysian. Their industry was the alien invader that consumed everything it touched. Its radioactive presence may have sterilized the outside world, stifling organic life in all forms, but inside the warm embrace of the mother ship, the worker drones had comfort, stimulation, and plenty.

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Camgirls’ forums were filled with sad stories about panic attacks, post-traumatic flashbacks, abusive customers, and costly website glitches. “I don’t have any real friends,” one camgirl wrote. “They are all at university or living their lives or having new relationships and I feel thoroughly forgotten about.” While traditional social institutions left such underemployed, undereducated young people behind, the postwork sharing economy came to the rescue by affording them the opportunity to serve as virtual strippers. Who says the tech industry doesn’t make room for women? * * * The sharing economy’s greatest success story was a YouTube celebrity for whom work and play and reality and artifice had merged beyond all recognition.

Bootstrapped: Liberating Ourselves From the American Dream
by Alissa Quart
Published 14 Mar 2023

It wasn’t a coincidence that during that time I became even more enamored with the philosopher Kathi Weeks, author of The Problem with Work, who tries to reimagine work to include a “postwork” possibility. While the individualism story tells us that hard work leads to limitless possibility, during the pandemic we learned what we already knew—that often the opposite was actually our lot: being stuck; laboring and receiving not enough in return; depending on others and endlessly being depended on. Perhaps exploring postwork, what Weeks suggests, could offer us a solution—at least for a while. * * * In 2020, I dreamed of a parents’ mass movement replete with maternal lobbyists, organizing and fighting for support.

Everything for Everyone: The Radical Tradition That Is Shaping the Next Economy
by Nathan Schneider
Published 10 Sep 2018

Chapter 3: The Clock of the World 1. See the final summary of her thinking, Grace Lee Boggs with Scott Kurashige, The Next American Revolution: Sustainable Activism for the Twenty-First Century, 2nd ed. (University of California Press, 2012). 2. See Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Duke University Press, 2011). 3. Jared Bernstein coined the term based on 2011 Bureau of Labor Statistics data comparing productivity to private-sector employment: Bernstein, “The Challenge of Long Term Job Growth: Two Big Hints,” On the Economy (blog) (June 5, 2011), jaredbernsteinblog.com/the-challenge-of-long-term-job-growth-two-big-hints; Andrew McAfee, “Productivity and Employment (and Technology): In the Jaws of the Snake” (March 22, 2012), andrewmcafee.org/2012/03/mcafee-bernstein-productivity-employment-technology-jaws-snake.

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Magazine (December 9, 2015); Foster’s and Hughes’s organization is called the Economic Security Project, and more about its approach can be found in Chris Hughes, Fair Shot: Rethinking Inequality and How We Earn (St. Martin’s Press, 2018). 18. Cryptocurrency basic-income projects go by such names as Circles, Grantcoin, Group Currency, and Resilience; they interact at reddit.com/r/CryptoUBI. 19. Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Duke University Press, 2011); Andy Stern and Lee Kravitz, Raising the Floor: How a Universal Basic Income Can Renew Our Economy and Rebuild the American Dream (PublicAffairs, 2016). 20. “Black Cooperatives and the Fight for Economic Democracy,” session at the Left Forum at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice (May 31, 2015); see also Marina Gorbis’s calls for “universal basic assets” rather than merely income. 21.

No More Work: Why Full Employment Is a Bad Idea
by James Livingston
Published 15 Feb 2016

Politicians still whine about welfare—everybody does—but these days nobody’s willing to discuss the merits of a guaranteed income, except in the arcane terms Milton Friedman coined, as a “negative income tax,” or in the equally arcane terms the Autonomists and the futurists deploy to peddle their postwork Utopias. And this whining takes place as the crisis of unemployment foreseen by Nixon’s henchmen gets worse and worse. Instead of a guaranteed income, the battle cry we hear from both Left and Right is “full employment.” Both sides deploy the same slogan to avoid the economic and ethical implications of more “entitlements”—to get people “off welfare” and into jobs—because, unlike the advocates of Nixon’s FAP, they believe that private investment and/or government spending can create enough jobs to put everybody back to work.

The Coming of Neo-Feudalism: A Warning to the Global Middle Class
by Joel Kotkin
Published 11 May 2020

fbclid=IwAR2Qubw2ENnDLE_G1GHwGwsDaOUtwmBfRZalygyhQmO-Au7xAAd28CLXGwc; “Officials in Beijing worry about Marx-loving students,” Economist, September 27, 2018, https://www.economist.com/china/2018/09/27/officials-in-beijing-worry-about-marx-loving-students. 55 Guy Standing, “A ‘Precariat Charter’ is required to combat the inequalities and insecurities produced by global capitalism,” London School of Economics and Political Science, May 5, 2014, http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2014/05/05/a-precariat-charter-is-required-to-combat-the-inequalities-and-insecurities-produced-by-global-capitalism/; Aaron M. Renn, “Post-Work Won’t Work,” City Journal, August 4, 2017, https://www.city-journal.org/html/post-work-wont-work-15383.html. 56 Wendell Berry, What Are People For? (New York: Northpoint, 1990), 125. CHAPTER 16—THE NEW GATED CITY 1 Richard Florida, “How and Why American Cities Are Coming Back,” City Lab, May 17, 2012, https://www.citylab.com/life/2012/05/how-and-why-american-cities-are-coming-back/2015/; Lauren Nolan, “A Deepening Divide: Income Inequality Grows Spatially in Chicago,” Voorhees Center for Neighborhood and Community Improvement, March 11, 2015, https://voorheescenter. wordpress.com/2015/03/11/a-deepening-divide-income-inequality-grows-spatially-in-chicago/; Aaron M.

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The third millennium augurs well.22 Wiring for Feudalism It was once widely hoped that emerging technologies would create a world of “new opportunities for personal growth, adventure and delight,” as the visionary Alvin Toffler wrote in Future Shock almost three decades ago. The prospect of a technologically advanced economy dangled like a bright gem for generations of utopian socialists, and for political thinkers on the right as well. Even today, some Marxists long for “a fully automated luxury communism” where technology has ended scarcity and created a “post-work society.”23 Sadly, such utopian visions can lead to frighteningly dystopian results. Technology may connect people in unprecedented ways, but it appears to be constraining intellectual debate under the control of a few powerful companies. The widespread censorship and “de-platforming” of unapproved views already being practiced, notes law professor and author Glenn Reynolds, could presage a new form of technologically enhanced thought control.24 The rewiring of society could be accelerated by an even more remarkable, and somewhat terrifying, biological transformation.

The Mini Rough Guide to Helsinki
by Rough Guides
Published 9 Nov 2023

Designed by Alvar Aalto, the elegant Ateljee Bar (Yrjönkatu 26; tel: 0300 870 020; www.raflaamo.fi) on the fourteenth floor of the Sokos Torni Hotel is a fabulous place to sip a glass of champagne and contemplate the high life, with spectacular views that extend over the city and beyond. After the auction houses and investment banks close for the day, their employees head to the opulent, chandeliered Kämp Bar and Club (Pohjoisesplanadi 29; www.hotelkamp.fi) for post-work cocktails and a wide selection of European wines. Another sophisticated choice is the basement Goldfish (Korkeavuorenkatu 21; tel: 010 323 2980; www.goldfish.fi), stylishly decorated and aptly located next to the Design Museum, it’s notable for its world-class cocktails and exceptional champagne list.

Chicago Like a Local
by DK

g Architectural Marvels g Contents Google Map JOHN HANCOCK CENTER Map 1; 875 North Michigan Avenue, The Magnificent Mile; ///rivers.retail.choice; www.360chicago.com Chicago’s second most-iconic skyscraper (after the Sears, sorry, Willis Tower) stands a whopping 100 stories tall, complete with a series of observation decks. But it’s not just tourists zooming up to see the sights; the building’s central location and swanky on-site cocktail bar make it a popular spot for locals eager for a post-work, sky-high martini. » Don’t leave without heading to the women’s restroom (sorry fellas), where a sneaky floor-to-ceiling window reveals breathtaking panoramas. g ARTS & CULTURE g Contents On Stage and Screen The Chicago theater scene is thriving – don’t let anyone tell you otherwise.

Insight Guides Pocket Helsinki
by Insight Guides
Published 12 Dec 2017

Designed by Alvar Aalto, the elegant Ateljee Bar (Yrjönkatu 26; tel. 20 123 4604 www.raflaamo.fi) on the 14th floor of the Sokos Torni Hotel is a fabulous place to sip a glass of champagne and contemplate the high life, with spectacular views that extend over the city and beyond. After the auction houses and investment banks close for the day, their employees head to the opulent, chandeliered Kämp Bar and Club (Pohjoisesplanadi 29; www.hotelkamp.fi) for post-work cocktails and a wide selection of European wines. Another sophisticated choice is the A21 Cocktail Lounge (Annankatu 21; http://a21.fi) – you’ll need to get dressed up and ring the doorbell for admittance to this sleek, chic, prize-winning place, which serves some peculiarly Finnish creations, infused with birch bark, rhubarb and sea buckthorn, alongside the classics.

After Europe
by Ivan Krastev
Published 7 May 2017

Y Combinator, a big start-up incubator, has already announced it will conduct a basic income experiment with roughly one hundred families in Oakland, California, giving them between $1,000 and $2,000 a month for up to a year, no strings attached, to see what people do when they do not need to work to earn a living. The prospect of a jobless future is a major intellectual and existential challenge. How people will be capable of producing meaning in their lives in a postwork society is a question no less pressing than how democracy itself can function in a posttruth political world. In the demographic dystopia, citizens face a choice no less stark. In order to ensure their prosperity, Europeans need to open their borders; yet such openness threatens to annihilate their cultural distinctiveness.

The Clash of the Cultures
by John C. Bogle
Published 30 Jun 2012

The designs of traditional DC and DB plans are both problematical: 1. Traditional DC plans force contribution rate and investment decisions on participants that they cannot, and do not want to make. Also, little thought has been given to the design of the post-work asset decumulation phrase. As a result, DC plan investing has been unfocused, and post-work financial outcomes have been, and continue to be highly uncertain, raising fundamental questions about the effectiveness and sustainability of this individualistic pension model. 2. Traditional DB plans lump the young and the old on the same balance sheet, and unrealistically assume they have the same risk tolerance and that property rights between the two groups are clear.

Fuller Memorandum
by Stross, Charles
Published 14 Jan 2010

The woman's arm follows him down with absolute precision and discharges a second round into the top of his skull, but it is unnecessary: he is already dead. She looks around with green eyes as deep as sacrificial cenotes, eyes in which a sensitive witness might see luminous worms writhing. But there are no sensitive witnesses to see through the glamour: just the ordinary post-work crowd hurrying about their business on the London streets. For a moment her face shimmers, the facade sliding--her attention is strained, flying in too many directions to maintain the illusion effectively--but then she notices and pulls herself together. She returns the chilly pistol to her bag.

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This is London. South Bank, south of the center, north of Tooting, and west of Wandsworth (come on, you can alliterate too)--suburban high street UK. It is early evening and the streets are still crowded, but most of the shops are closed. Meanwhile, the pubs are half-full with the sort of hardcore post-work crowd that go drinking on a Monday evening. I turn left, walking towards the nearest tube station: it's fifteen minutes away but once it gets this late there's no point waiting for a bus. This is London. The worst thing that can happen to you is usually a mugging at knifepoint, and I do my best not to look like a promising victim, which is why it takes me a couple of minutes to realize that I'm being tailed.

Drunk: How We Sipped, Danced, and Stumbled Our Way to Civilization
by Edward Slingerland
Published 31 May 2021

Distillation is not only a novel danger, it is one that also facilitates a companion peril: drinking outside of social contexts. Let us turn now to considering not only the sheer alcoholic punch contained in the corner store bag of liquor, but also the risk of being allowed to simply walk home alone with it. Isolation: The Danger of Drinking Alone If you’ve ever complained about how long it takes to get a post-work drink at a crowded pub on a Friday evening, you should be thankful that you don’t live in ancient China. An early Chinese ritual text describes the beginning of the traditional wine-drinking ritual as follows: The host and the guest salute each other three times. When they reach the steps, they concede to each other three times.

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Although neither of these studies explicitly mentions the role of alcohol, we can venture with some confidence that the missed socializing activities at the conference in New Orleans would have been well lubricated. 41Her clinical summary of experimental work on alcohol and social interactions should sound familiar to anyone who has ever been to a cocktail reception, office party, or post-work pub session: “Reports in the literature have explained [enhanced] conviviality by noting that conversations appear to flow with greater facility; that persons exhibit raised spirits; and that at low doses of ethanol there is a greater degree of social interaction. People under low and/or moderate doses of alcohol have been described as more talkative.

The Driver: My Dangerous Pursuit of Speed and Truth in the Outlaw Racing World
by Alexander Roy
Published 13 Oct 2008

Even his enemies—and these were restricted to business competitors—respected him, trading insults over the phone every week for decades. He spoke fluent French and Spanish, and conversational German, Russian, and Polish. All agreed he was a gifted painter, photographer, and pianist. My brother and I knew better than to interrupt his weekday postwork relaxation time, during which he plucked at the precious custom-made flamenco guitar he’d bought in Seville. He loved work, and intended to work until the day he died. Surrender was inconceivable. I never believed it possible that he could be withered by cancer, his deep radio-commercial-grade voice cracking from multiple surgeries and chemotherapy, lying in a hospital bed 15 minutes from where we’d lived for more than twenty years.

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I hadn’t been there in months, but the 2006 Bullrun’s impending departure from New York demanded that I leave the house. I took malicious glee in booking their most prominent table for dinner with five of the world’s most infamous road-going outlaws. The 9:30 crowd still contained the more conservative post-work drink holdovers, but somehow I knew Rawlings and his entourage wouldn’t need cars to scatter these pigeons. “Wilkommen!” I called out. “Wilkommen im der Soho Haus!” Rawlings stomped toward me with a broad grin sharp enough to hack bark off a tree. He stopped halfway between the crowded bar and a neighboring table, his cowboy boots clattered as he performed a five-second jig of greeting, then he froze, slapped his hands together, and began the world’s loudest one-man game of patty-cake.

Austin Like a Local
by DK

g DRINK g Contents Neighborhood Bars NICKEL CITY CROWN & ANCHOR PUB DEEP EDDY CABARET KINDA TROPICAL C-BOYS HEART & SOUL SANS BAR THE HOLE IN THE WALL BARFLY’S g Neighborhood Bars g Contents Google Map NICKEL CITY Map 2; 1133 East 11th Street, Central East Austin; ///graced.tiny.mentions; www.nickelcitybar.com Combining the stylish interior and drinks menu of a cocktail bar with the friendly, faithful crowd of a neighborhood dive, Nickel City is always a popular post-work choice – especially on hump days, when locals flock here for Whiskey Wednesdays tastings. » Don’t leave without ordering some sliders and wings from Delray Cafe, aka “the food truck behind Nickel City.” g Neighborhood Bars g Contents Google Map CROWN & ANCHOR PUB Map 4; 2911 San Jacinto Boulevard, Campus; ///social.gent.stunning; www.crownandanchorpub.com It might sound like an old-fashioned boozer from across the pond, but the Crown & Anchor is a red-blooded American watering hole.

The New Prophets of Capital
by Nicole Aschoff
Published 10 Mar 2015

Social movements are also telling stories and developing projects that radically challenge the capitalist status quo through an emphasis on democracy, de-commodification, and redistribution. These stories and projects foster a new vision of society—a society designed for people instead of profit. ________ 1Luc Boltanski and Eva Chiapello, The New Spirit of Capitalism, London: Verso, 2007. 2See Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries, Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2011. 3“The Crisis of Democracy: Report on the Governability of Democracies to the Trilateral Commission,” quoted in Noam Chomsky, “The Carter Administration: Myth and Reality,” Australian Quarterly 50: 1, 1978, 8–36. 4Francesca Polletta, It Was Like a Fever: Storytelling in Protest and Politics, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006. 5David Harvey, “The Enigma of Capital and the Crisis This Time,” in Craig Calhoun and Georgi Derluguian, eds., Business as Usual: The Roots of the Global Financial Meltdown, New York: New York University Press, 2011. 6Miles Rapoport and Jennifer Wheary, Where the Poor and the Middle Class Meet, New York: Demos, 2013. 7There are many prophets of capitalism telling stories today.

Men Without Work
by Nicholas Eberstadt
Published 4 Sep 2016

Assume that one-quarter of NILF men suffered such serious limitations as to restrict their capability to perform any care for others, engage in religious activity, or volunteer out of the home but that the others were as functional as working men and women their same ages. Assume further that those three-fourths of prime-age NILF men spent the same amount of time in personal care, eating/drinking, and on “socializing, relaxing, and leisure” as working men and women. And assume that the nondisabled NILF men expended the same fraction of their remaining postwork time at these “helping” activities as do working men and women. What would this mean for their time budgets and for the availability of time to help others for the NILF group as a whole? The assumption that one-quarter of the NILF group is completely incapable of home care, care for others, volunteering, etc., is, we should note, an extremely strong one.

Everyday Utopia: What 2,000 Years of Wild Experiments Can Teach Us About the Good Life
by Kristen R. Ghodsee
Published 16 May 2023

i-D Vice, January 28, 2021, https://www.i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/v7mqm9/should-you-join-a-commune-in-2021-tiktok-says-yes. 38 Antonio Gramsci, Prison Notebooks (New York: Columbia University Press, 2011). 39 Ryan Grim, “The Elephant in the Zoom,” The Intercept. June 14, 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1xp50ZM_wk. 40 Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011). 41 Holly Jean Buck, After Geoengineering: Climate Tragedy, Repair, and Restoration (London and New York: Verso Books, 2019). 42 Howard Zinn, “The Optimism of Uncertainty,” The Nation, 2004, https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/optimism-uncertainty/. 43 Donna Haraway suggests that we should all be “making kin.”

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New York: Free Press, 2003. Solnit, Rebecca. Hope in the Dark: Untold Histories, Wild Possibilities. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2016. Soper, Kate. Post-Growth Living: For an Alternative Hedonism. New York: Verso Books, 2020. Weeks, Kathi. The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. Wells, H. G. A Modern Utopia. Project Gutenberg, https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6424. ———. Men Like Gods. Mineola, NY: Dover, 2016. ———. The First Men in the Moon. Project Gutenberg, https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1013. Index A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition.

The View From Flyover Country: Dispatches From the Forgotten America
by Sarah Kendzior
Published 24 Apr 2015

But academia’s reliance on adjuncts makes it no different than fields that cater to the elite through unpaid internships. Anthropologists are known for their attentiveness to social inequality, but few have acknowledged the plight of their peers. When I expressed doubt about the job market to one colleague, she advised me, with total seriousness, to “reevaluate what work means” and to consider “post-work imaginaries.” A popular video on post-graduate employment cuts to the chase: “Why don’t you tap into your trust fund?” In May 2012, I received my PhD, but I still do not know what to do with it. I struggle with the closed-off nature of academic work, which I think should be accessible to everyone, but most of all I struggle with the limited opportunities in academia for Americans like me, people for whom education was once a path out of poverty, and not a way into it.

Affluenza: When Too Much Is Never Enough
by Clive Hamilton and Richard Denniss
Published 31 May 2005

Expectations about the amount of income needed in retirement appear to have escalated considerably, and these self-imposed benchmarks put people under great pressure. At the same time there has been a change in perceptions of retirement where baby 173 AFFLUENZA boomers in the professions and in managerial positions are concerned. They see no clear division between their working and post-working lives and think they will be able to wind down gradually and may never retire fully. Indeed, some see the idea of working hard to save for retirement then stopping work to enjoy the fruits of their labour as pathological. As one put it, ‘If you see retirement as the end then you are doing the wrong thing’.

Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism: And Other Arguments for Economic Independence
by Kristen R. Ghodsee
Published 20 Nov 2018

Verdery, Katherine. What Was Socialism and What Comes Next? Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. Wagenknecht, Sahra. Prosperity Without Greed: How to Save Ourselves from Capitalism. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag Books, 2018. Weeks, Kathi. The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. Weigand, Kate. Red Feminism: American Communism and the Making of the Women’s Movement. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. Weigel, Moira. Labor of Love: The Invention of Dating. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2016. Yalom, Marilyn.

Beer Money: A Memoir of Privilege and Loss
by Frances Stroh
Published 2 May 2016

I missed the chickens Ollie would sometimes roast before she left to go home in the evening. But Ollie was gone now, back in Detroit and living on welfare, and with her had gone any sense of order. “Ollie has to take care of her mother full-time now,” my mother had told me. I went into the library with a plate. My father sat in his leather chair, a remote in his hand, in his usual postwork outfit—khaki pants, dress shirt, and Topsiders with no socks. With his light-blue eyes and cleft chin, he looked like some famous actor whose name you couldn’t quite remember. A Domino’s box sat open on the floor at his feet with a half-moon of pepperoni pizza. “Hi, Franny,” he said with an absent smile.

Ours to Hack and to Own: The Rise of Platform Cooperativism, a New Vision for the Future of Work and a Fairer Internet
by Trebor Scholz and Nathan Schneider
Published 14 Aug 2017

And I have no doubt about the vision of platform owners like Travis Kalanick (Uber), Jeff Bezos (Amazon), or Lukas Biewald (CrowdFlower)—who, in the absence of government regulation and resistance from workers, will simply exploit their undervalued workers. I’m all on board for Paul Mason’s and Kathi Weeks’ visions for a post-capitalist, post-work future where universal basic income will rule the way we think about life opportunities. In the United States, however, unlike in Finland, the chances for this scenario becoming a reality over the next two years are not high. The question then becomes what we can do right now, with and for the most precarious among the contingent third of the American workforce, which is unlikely to see the return of the traditional safety net, the forty-hour workweek, or a steady paycheck.

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Amazon not only condones this wage theft but has made it a feature, since the employer who posts work gets to see what is submitted in order to adjudicate it. All employers have to do is reject the worker, denying them payment, and they get to keep both the work and their cash. It is scraping the bottom of the barrel when a worker not only has to face being paid pennies per hour for their hard work, but also the possibility of not being paid at all. Many people assume that workers such as myself are all from developing countries, are unskilled, barely speak English, have no education, and will cheat to steal money from those who post work on the platform. It gets worse, with comments about the fact that we are literally the unwashed masses in our pajamas doing work for pennies an hour, the lumpenproletariat so clueless that it is a favor to pay us even a pittance in order to give us any job at all.

This Is Going to Hurt: Secret Diaries of a Junior Doctor - the Sunday Times Bestseller
by Adam Kay
Published 6 Sep 2017

Of course, medics aren’t alone in working late – you could say the same of lawyers and bankers – but at least they can become ‘weekend warriors’, letting down their hair and their ancestors in a forty-eight-hour blast of unremitting hedonism. Our weekends were usually spent at work. But it’s more than just the hours; you’re generally no fun to be around when you get home. You’re exhausted, you’re snappy from a stressful day and you even manage to deny your partner their normal post-work chat of bitching about their colleagues. They know as soon as they start on their workplace quibbles – which presumably don’t involve any near-death experiences, unless they’re a tightrope walker, firefighter or counter staff at a drive-thru Burger King – you’ll reflexively man that old ship One-Up and talk about the horrors of your own day.

The End of Traffic and the Future of Transport: Second Edition
by David Levinson and Kevin Krizek
Published 17 Aug 2015

Americans now work fewer hours over their career than their working grandparents, and probably their parents (for annual hours, see Figure 3.3,58 which shows little change over the past 7 decades). They start their careers later, extending the pre-work period into their twenties, taking advantage of productivity gains of parents and ancestors, and borrowing against future productivity. They also retire earlier, post-work retirement starts into their fifties, reaping the rewards of our collective productivity. Vacation time has not changed much in recent decades. Travel patterns differ by age group, but those who do not work daily do not make work commutes daily. While some of the now available non-work time is made up with out-of-home activities requiring travel, that does not require peak hour travel, and so imposes fewer stresses on the transport system.

Notes From an Apocalypse: A Personal Journey to the End of the World and Back
by Mark O'Connell
Published 13 Apr 2020

It represented everything I thought about when I thought about the end of the world. It was like being confronted with a lurid diorama of my own unease as I had come to conceive of it. It was uncanny, and terrible, and strangely perfect. * * * — Later that week, in a bar a few blocks from the harbor, I had a post-work beer with Matt Nippert, the New Zealand Herald reporter who had broken the citizenship story earlier that year. He told me of his personal certainty that Thiel had bought his property in the South Island for apocalypse-contingency purposes. In his citizenship application, he had pledged his commitment to devote “a significant amount of time and resources to the people and businesses of New Zealand.”

Into the Fire: My Life as a London Firefighter
by Edric Kennedy-Macfoy
Published 14 Aug 2018

The police will want to speak to you pretty soon, I thought as it moved away, and I wish I could be there to see it. Then it was back to the body on the road. I started wondering what the story was behind the crash. Did these two guys work together? Was the older guy giving the young one a lift home after a few post-work pints? Maybe he was a mate of the dead guy’s dad, he looked that much older. I wondered all these things in the moments it took us to get to where he was lying. Whatever the story was, a life had been lost, and it was tragic. I never found out what happened to the driver, whether he went to prison, lost a leg, nothing.

Into the Fire: My Life as a London Firefighter
by Edric Kennedy-Macfoy
Published 14 Jul 2018

The police will want to speak to you pretty soon, I thought as it moved away, and I wish I could be there to see it. Then it was back to the body on the road. I started wondering what the story was behind the crash. Did these two guys work together? Was the older guy giving the young one a lift home after a few post-work pints? Maybe he was a mate of the dead guy’s dad, he looked that much older. I wondered all these things in the moments it took us to get to where he was lying. Whatever the story was, a life had been lost, and it was tragic. I never found out what happened to the driver, whether he went to prison, lost a leg, nothing.

How Cycling Can Save the World
by Peter Walker
Published 3 Apr 2017

This brings us back to the North London bedroom. A couple of days beforehand I had begun insulating my legs from the winter chill with a pair of my girlfriend’s thick cotton leggings, over which I wore a pair of denim shorts (I did say the courier trade wasn’t fashionable then). That evening, getting undressed ahead of the obligatory postwork bath, where I would happily steam amid a rising black tidemark of pollution residue, I decided to inspect my new look. Then came the shock. Not from the leggings. The mirror showed those to be about as curious-looking as I’d expected. What struck me was the encased silhouette of my legs. They had always been traditionally unimpressive.

Curbing Traffic: The Human Case for Fewer Cars in Our Lives
by Chris Bruntlett and Melissa Bruntlett
Published 28 Jun 2021

But with 56 grocery stores within a 30-minute walk of our Delft apartment, we found ourselves buying fresher, more frequently, and in smaller quantities, and our family’s health was all the better for it. A funny thing happened as we adapted to life in a relatively small Dutch city: we actually craved that postwork stroll to the grocery store. The act of walking into the city center, passing historic buildings and traveling along streets that see virtually no car traffic, had taken on a therapeutic quality for us both. We could decompress from our day, chat about the highs and lows of our new jobs, about how the kids were adjusting to school, and any number of other things swirling through our heads at that time.

Third World America: How Our Politicians Are Abandoning the Middle Class and Betraying the American Dream
by Arianna Huffington
Published 7 Sep 2010

The fear that the middle class is on an extended death march—and that the American Dream of a secure, comfortable standard of living has become as outdated as an Edsel with an eight-track player. We look at our obliterated 401(k)s and dwindling pensions, and hear the whispers about Social Security going broke, and we wonder if we will ever be able to retire—let alone maintain our standard of living into our sunset years. Golden visions of post-work leisure time have been replaced by dark, fevered flashes of deprivation—of having to decide between eating and paying for the medicine we need. Of letting our homes go into foreclosure to scrape together the money to live on. The void is filled by the fear that America is becoming a nation of haves and have-nots—and that millions are in danger of becoming permanent members of the have-nots.

After the New Economy: The Binge . . . And the Hangover That Won't Go Away
by Doug Henwood
Published 9 May 2005

Antolin, Pablo, Thai-Thanh Dang, and Howard Oxley (1999)." Poverty Dynamics in Four OECD Countries," Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Economics Department Working Paper 212 (Paris: OECD),April <www.olis.oecd.org/olis/ 1999doc.nsf/linkto/eco-wkp(99)4>. Aronowitz, Stanley, and Jonathan Cuder (1997). Post-Work (New York: Roudedge). Aronowitz, Stanley, and William DiFazio (1995). The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work (Minneapolis: University of Mirmesota Press). Arrighi, Giovanni (1994). The LongTwentieth Century (NewYork and London:Verso). Atkinson, Robert D (2001). "Alive and Kicking," Blueprint Magazine (Democratic Leadership CouncU), April 25 <www.ndol.org/print.cfrn?

Money Mavericks: Confessions of a Hedge Fund Manager
by Lars Kroijer
Published 26 Jul 2010

Before the four of them joined the team, things still felt like a couple of guys sitting in a room. Now we were a real hedge fund, with our phones ringing and a constant stream of meetings in the office, even if our fairly academic approach to investing kept the atmosphere peaceful. We even had a company pub for post-work pints on a quiet street off Berkeley Square. As the hedge-fund industry grew massively during 2005 and 2006 towards its peak in 2007/08, a clear trend emerged. There were more and more people with hedge-fund experience interviewing for the positions we offered. This made sense. When I first interviewed for a hedge-fund position in early 1998 there were not that many hedge funds around; I doubt that someone with my background today could end up meeting an industry giant like Richard Perry at their first interview.

The Economic Singularity: Artificial Intelligence and the Death of Capitalism
by Calum Chace
Published 17 Jul 2016

In chapter 5.4 we considered whether virtual reality might help resolve the problem of how to allocate rare goods and services in a world where incomes are hard to vary. In chapter 5.5 we tackled what may turn out to be the biggest challenge raised by the economic singularity: cohesion. We asked whether capitalism, and in particular the institution of private property, will be as suitable for the post-work world as it has been during the industrial revolution. This an uncomfortable discussion for people like me who believe that a sensibly-regulated market economy has been enormously beneficial for humanity. Along with the Enlightenment and the consequent scientific revolution, capitalism has made our time the best era to be born human, bar none.

Give People Money
by Annie Lowrey
Published 10 Jul 2018

“The most promising way forward lies in reclaiming modernity and attacking the neoliberal common sense that conditions everything from the most esoteric policy discussions to the most vivid emotional states,” Srnicek and Williams write in their engaging, radical book Inventing the Future: Postcapitalism and a World Without Work. “This counter-hegemonic project can only be achieved by imagining better worlds—and in moving beyond defensive struggles. We have outlined one possible project, in the form of a post-work politics that frees us to create our own lives and communities.” It is worth pausing to note how radical that vision is. Economic growth, household income, and even inequality would become less important metrics than health, longevity, and thriving. GDP might even go down as more qualitative measures of human welfare go up.

The War on Normal People: The Truth About America's Disappearing Jobs and Why Universal Basic Income Is Our Future
by Andrew Yang
Published 2 Apr 2018

The federal government would help set up and fund the platform but it would be up to local governments, nonprofits, individuals, and companies to figure out the best ways to achieve various goals. The overall goal would be to improve social cohesion and maintain high levels of engagement for people in a post-work economy. The Freedom Dividend would elevate society beyond a need for subsistence and scarcity. The Digital Social Credit would tie together communities and give people a way to both generate value and feel valued regardless of how the market regards their time. NINETEEN HUMAN CAPITALISM Imagine an AI life coach with the voice of Oprah or Tom Hanks trying to help parents stay together or raise kids.

Fully Automated Luxury Communism
by Aaron Bastani
Published 10 Jun 2019

The reason why is that, until the opening decades of the Third Disruption, communism was as impossible as surplus before the First Disruption or electricity before the Second. Instead it was socialism, still defined by scarcity and jobs, which became the North Star for hope across the world. The technologies needed to deliver a post-scarcity, post-work society – centred around renewable energy, automation and information – were absent in the Russian Empire, or indeed anywhere else until the late 1960s. Indeed, amid efforts to catch up with the more advanced capitalist economies of Europe and America, the Bolsheviks became students of the Taylorist science of productivity, applying themselves to the task of subordinating human time to economic production with ever-greater efficiency.

Generation A
by Douglas Coupland
Published 2 Jan 2009

As this was being said, Trevor was thinking: Is Suzanne cheating on me? What good is a girlfriend you can’t trust? The whole notion of girlfriend seemed American and synthetic, an archaic pairing concept from Pixar cartoons. Domestic partner? No, they didn’t live together. Close personal friend? No. Technically, they were nothing. They just spent a lot of post-work time together, having sex and eating, and it was all going nowhere, and besides, she was so goddam political when she wasn’t in the sack, and when she got going on Zionism and all that, it was like she’d turned herself into the world’s most unlistenable satellite music station. She’d start to blab and he’d go off into daydreams about long-chain carbon molecules, his mother’s knee-replacement surgery or old Smurf cartoons, only to be roused by a poke in the ribs and a jeremiad along the lines of, “And who do you think ended up paying for the Six-Day War, huh?

Edinburgh Like a Local: By the People Who Call It Home
by Dk Eyewitness
Published 28 Sep 2021

» Don’t leave without checking out Pickering’s gin distillery (p82) next door and sampling its classic G&T garnished with pink grapefruit. Wine Bars It may not be the first thing that springs to mind, ROSE STREET GARDEN but wine bars are a big thing in Edinburgh. These Map 3; 14 George Street, New Town; elegant spots are favourites among post-work ///pack.middle.stroke, www.rosestreetgarden.com professionals and late-night crowds. Bid farewell to the mundane as you enter this stylized garden complete with outdoor cocktail bar, perfectly manicured lawn (artificial grass, of course) and swanky lounge seating. George Street lovelies sip on TOAST white wine spritzers, suited sophisticates tuck in to boozy Bloody Map 4; 65 Shore, Leith; ///mimic.skin.assets; Marys and a young fashion-conscious crowd make a beeline for the www.toastleith.co.uk oh-so-photogenic floral arches to nab that perfect selfie.

Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America
by Barbara Ehrenreich
Published 2 Jan 2003

If I can do one week, I can do another, and might as well, since there's never been a moment for job-hunting. The 3:30 quitting time turns out to be a myth; often we don't return to the office until 4:30 or 5:00. And what did I think? That I was going to go out to interviews in my soaked and stinky postwork condition? I decide to reward myself with a sunset walk on Old Orchard Beach. On account of the heat, there are still a few actual bathers on the beach, but I am content to sit in shorts and T-shirt and watch the ocean pummel the sand. When the sun goes down I walk back into the town to find my car and am amazed to hear a sound I associate with cities like New York and Berlin.

Discardia: More Life, Less Stuff
by Dinah Sanders
Published 7 Oct 2011

Symptom #32: Emotional Baggage Solution #32: Opt out of Unnecessary Drama A man is rich in proportion to the things he can afford to let alone. —Henry David Thoreau, philosopher Calm helps you cope There is a moment of choice in how you react which deeply impacts your future self. When facing that moment, “Don't Freak Out” is always the best option. Maybe you’re having one of those postwork evenings that are part restoration and part collapse, and you’re watching a movie. The DVD player in your computer jams and the computer won't eject the DVD. Then the computer doesn't believe it has a DVD drive, even after restarting. You start to work yourself up into an “Oh, no! I can't afford this problem” worried state of mind.

Who's Your City?: How the Creative Economy Is Making Where to Live the Most Important Decision of Your Life
by Richard Florida
Published 28 Jun 2009

According to a major study by William Frey and Ross DeVol, the rise of the “yuppie elderly”—married, in good health, with substantial accumulated resources, more active lifestyle, and greater locational choices—will coincide with the rise of another group, the “needy elderly,” particularly widows over the age of seventy-five who are especially dependent on families and social institutions.2 Generation Ageless “When it comes to finding a place to live,” the Wall Street Journal wrote in October 2006, “today’s retirees are looking for something completely different.”3 While weather and leisure remain important, retirees are looking for a community “where they can make friends and connections quickly, whether it’s a small town or a walkable neighborhood in a big city.” They also want to live where they can indulge postwork passions, a second career, or a newly adopted sport, or be near their grandkids, whether in a mixed-used development, a small town, or an urban center. Empty nesters and retirees have a wide range of communities to choose from these days. Free from the constraints of full-time jobs and full-time parenting, some even find themselves with the flexibility and means to divide their time among multiple places.

Death Glitch: How Techno-Solutionism Fails Us in This Life and Beyond
by Tamara Kneese
Published 14 Aug 2023

Innovators and marketers rarely took into account the real needs of domestic workers doing laundry, cooking meals, or caring for children; consequently, they created new ancillary tasks rather than lightening the domestic labor load.11 Smart homes have a knack for degrading or obviating the labor of people involved with social reproduction. However, the attempt to transfer control of a smart home from one person to the next foregrounds how important reproductive and domestic labor are to sustaining networked legacies. Although smart homes are associated with postwork futures, they are also nostalgic for a gendered, racialized division of labor. In 1969, the Neiman Marcus Christmas catalog—a collection of fantasy holiday gifts—promised in its advertisement for the Honeywell Kitchen Computer that a computer’s knowledge of food pairings could help a less-than-competent housewife remember recipes or balance the family checkbook.

The People's Platform: Taking Back Power and Culture in the Digital Age
by Astra Taylor
Published 4 Mar 2014

In Cognitive Surplus Shirky claims to be referring specifically to the cumulative free time of the world’s educated population but, according to Schor, that is just the population that has less free time compared to decades past: “Employees with low educational attainment have suffered more under- and unemployment, and those with high education are more overworked,” she writes. Another good take on this topic is Peter Frase’s “Post-Work: A Guide for the Perplexed,” posted on the Jacobin magazine Web site, February 25, 2013, http://jacobinmag.com/2013/02/post-work-a-guide-for-the-perplexed/. 24. Edward C. Prescott, “Why Do Americans Work So Much More Than Europeans,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 28, no. 1 (July 2004): 2–13, www.minneapolisfed.org/research/QR/QR2811.pdf; and Robert B.

Bureaucracy
by David Graeber
Published 3 Feb 2015

True, from the perspective of those living in Europe and North America, or even Japan, the results did seem superficially to be much as predicted. Smokestack industries did increasingly disappear; jobs came to be divided between a lower stratum of service workers and an upper stratum sitting in antiseptic bubbles playing with computers. But below it all lay an uneasy awareness that this whole new post-work civilization was, basically, a fraud. Our carefully engineered high-tech sneakers were not really being produced by intelligent cyborgs or self-replicating molecular nanotechnology; they were being made on the equivalent of old-fashioned Singer sewing machines, by the daughters of Mexican and Indonesian farmers who had, as the result of WTO or NAFTA-sponsored trade deals, been ousted from their ancestral lands.

The Refusal of Work: The Theory and Practice of Resistance to Work
by David Frayne
Published 15 Nov 2015

However, Marx’s call for collective appropriation – or the ‘Plain Marxist Argument’ (Booth, 1989: 207) – can be contrasted with ideas in his later writing, where some believed he tempered his earlier enthusiasm for work. It has been suggested that Marx himself ‘could not clearly decide if communism meant liberation from labour or the liberation of labour’ (Berki, 1979: 5). For a more detailed discussion of the distinction between the ‘plain’ and the ‘post-work’ Marx, see Granter (2009: Chapter 4). Return to text. 3. Curious readers can find more detailed summaries of Marcuse’s connection with the argument for shorter working hours elsewhere (for example, Granter, 2009: Chapter 5; Bowring, 2012; Frayne, forthcoming). Return to text. 4. For a more detailed overview of the ideas of André Gorz, see the accessible introduction by Lodziak and Tatman (1997) or the more in-depth treatise by Bowring (2000a).

Affluence Without Abundance: The Disappearing World of the Bushmen
by James Suzman
Published 10 Jul 2017

Mainstream economists and governments alike—on both the left and the right of the political spectrum—remain preoccupied with maintaining growth on the one hand and reducing unemployment on the other while debating about how much of our hard-earned wealth should be put to the common good and how much we should be able to squirrel away for ourselves. Few politicians seem willing to engage with the real challenge: the need for us to adjust to the reality of living in a post-work world. When Marshall Sahlins wrote about hunter-gatherers pursuing a “Zen road” to affluence by having few needs easily met, he was invoking a similar set of attitudes to those that Keynes hoped would prevail in a world where people’s absolute needs were adequately met. Keynes was of the view that our innate desire to solve what he referred to as our “real problems—the problems of life and of human relations, of creation and behavior and religion” would be enough to distract us from any residual instinct to work.

What They Do With Your Money: How the Financial System Fails Us, and How to Fix It
by Stephen Davis , Jon Lukomnik and David Pitt-Watson
Published 30 Apr 2016

Beth, who chose Atlanta, and Cathy, in London, will most likely pay 50 percent or more beyond what Amsterdam-based Sarah will have to spend to secure exactly the same retirement benefits at exactly the same age. Either Beth and Cathy will have to scrimp for years to afford the retirement income they want, or they face a postwork income much less than Sarah’s.1 These huge variances in outcomes occur because small differences in annual charges compound over the years. Here is how it would work. From the age of twenty-five, Beth in Atlanta socks $6,000 annually into a commercial retirement savings plan selected by her employer.

SEDATED: How Modern Capitalism Created Our Mental Health Crisis
by James. Davies
Published 15 Nov 2021

Also see: Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (2020), ‘Personality Test’, https://www.siop.org/workplace/employment per cent20testing/usingoftests.aspx (accessed July 2020). 9 Burns, Gary N., et al. (2017), ‘Putting applicant faking effects on personality tests into context’, Journal of Managerial Psychology 32 (6):460–8. 10 Frayne, D. (2015), The Refusal of Work: rethinking post-work theory and practice, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 11 For instance, a CIPD report conducted in 2013 showed that, on average, the percentage of those reporting job satisfaction in the UK was 40 per cent, with the lowest figures found in the public sector (25 per cent) and in large business (30 per cent).

The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies
by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee
Published 20 Jan 2014

Economist Bruce Bartlett, legal scholar Michael Graetz, and others have put together alternatives to the current American tax system that rely heavily on a VAT.22 We think these are valuable contributions to the discussion about how to best pay for government services in the second machine age, and deserve serious consideration. The Peer Economy and Artificial Artificial Intelligence Changing the subsidies and taxes on labor might seem like a short-term solution. After all, isn’t the second machine age defined by relentless automation that will lead to a largely or completely postwork economy? We’ve argued here that in many domains it is. But, as we’ve also hopefully shown, people have skills and abilities that are not yet automated. They may become automatable at some point but this hasn’t started in any serious way thus far, which leads us to believe that it will take a while.

Squeezed: Why Our Families Can't Afford America
by Alissa Quart
Published 25 Jun 2018

The Ottawa Citizen kvelled: Madeline Ashby, “Ashby: Let’s Talk about Canadian Values (Values Like a Universal Basic Income),” Ottawa Citizen, November 15, 2016, http://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/columnists/ashby-lets-talk-about-canadian-values-values-like-a-universal-basic-income. feminist theorist Kathi Weeks: Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011). “no longer socially necessary”: James Livingston, No More Work: Why Full Employment Is a Bad Idea (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016). the journalist Judith Shulevitz wrote: Judith Shulevitz, “It’s Payback Time for Women,” New York Times, January 10, 2016.

My Boring-Ass Life: The Uncomfortably Candid Diary of Kevin Smith
by Kevin Smith
Published 24 Sep 2007

We talk about a bunch of stuff, including the Poetry Reading even we’re holding up at the house next weekend to benefit Harley’s school’s Fine Arts program. After lunch, we cross the street and go to Kitson’s, this chick store on Robertson. Jen picks up an ‘Award Winning Wife’ t-shirt and an ashtray. Mos calls, and we talk about the Rats cut, and how we should perhaps deliver big chunks to Universal, as there’s a lot of post-work to do to get it presentable (they’ve gotta go back to the negative, re-mix the sound, extend music cues, create new music cues, etc.). Done shopping, Jen and I head cross town to pick up Harley from school. On the ride, Jen and I start talking sex, which evolves (or devolves) into dirty talk. I’m hard and she’s wet, but the kid gets out of school in two minutes.

…

I knew that the arrival of legal adulthood would only up the ante on their campaign to get me out of the five-buck-an-hour convenience store service industry and into a gig that paid better and might finally deliver me from the realm of the per-hour rate into the promised elysium fields of a grown-up career. So with no birthday celebration looming, how did I opt to spend my birthday? Behind the register, slinging smokes. My friends stopped by during my shift, but no post-work plans were made. When the steel shutters were closed at the end of the night, it would also signal the close of my first day as a numerical adult. Around nine at night, my friend and co-worker Vincent Pereira closed up R.S.T. Video for the evening and joined me at Quick Stop, to stock the milk and mop the floors before heading off.

The End of Men: And the Rise of Women
by Hanna Rosin
Published 31 Aug 2012

Work hours in Korea are the second longest of any advanced nation, after Japan. Office workers typically stay until eight or nine at night, and then are usually expected to go out drinking with their colleagues or clients—the Korean extreme-sport version of bonding and networking. As women have begun flooding the workforce, they have disrupted these elaborate post-work rituals, but they haven’t fundamentally transformed them. The drinking sessions still involve several rounds of high-proof soju, a sweet, vodka-like drink. Employees are asked on applications how many bottles of soju they can down in a session, and the newly ambitious working women feel pressure to keep up with the boys.

Who Owns This Sentence?: A History of Copyrights and Wrongs
by David Bellos and Alexandre Montagu
Published 23 Jan 2024

One commentator has argued that programmers, “by giving away something which is well made, gain recognition from those who download their work. For most people, the gift economy is simply the best method of collaborating together in cyberspace”;228 another sees the free software movement as the beginning of a post-work society where labour and fun merge into a communist economy.229 The widespread and already significant achievements of various grades and kinds of free and open-source software in the twenty-first century may eventually come to displace or even dismantle copyright in all or part of its own field.

Essential: How the Pandemic Transformed the Long Fight for Worker Justice
by Jamie K. McCallum
Published 15 Nov 2022

Who holds the power to decide what kinds of labor are designated as skilled or unskilled is an important social question. (It’s tempting to imagine a glorious future when being a landlord or owning stocks is diminished as unskilled labor.) As the seventies became the eighties, workers, skilled or not, relied on an increasingly tattered safety net and weaker institutions like unions to govern their postwork life. The postwar working class had built the closest thing America ever had to shared prosperity, and though they were compensated comparably well, they paid a steep price down the line. As Winant puts it, “the collapse of the industrial core of the economy created social problems that became translated, through the mediation of the welfare state, into the form of health problems.”25 The new working class in healthcare professions is basically dedicated to the task of caring for their forebears from the factories, though it would be incorrect to suggest some kind of symmetry beyond that relationship.

Big Dead Place: Inside the Strange and Menacing World of Antarctica
by Nicholas Johnson
Published 31 May 2005

A metal machine brought into a warm building sucks up heat so fast that it emanates cold as a fire emanates heat. Fuel gets so cold that a lit match thrown in it won’t ignite it. Pole workers get used to frostnip as McMurdo workers get used to scrapes and bruises. And Polies are also used to scrapes and bruises. This cold, which often depresses Polies to post-work catatonic slothfulness, is without financial compensation. Denver pays by job description, so Polies make no more money than if they worked in McMurdo. Furthermore, Pole has no boondoggles. There is nowhere to go. No trips to ice caves. No trips to see penguins at Cape Royds. No lucky opportunities to help out at Siple Dome or Black Island.

Pound Foolish: Exposing the Dark Side of the Personal Finance Industry
by Helaine Olen
Published 27 Dec 2012

Only one in five workers over the age of fifty-five has managed to set aside $250,000 or more for their golden years. These are not exactly sums of money that will go far in retirement, especially when you recognize that many experts in the field believe that people need to save up a minimum of $1 million to get by in their post-work lives, a net worth currently achieved by 8 percent of all households. As for that bit about how the 401(k) would encourage the high income to save in individualistic ways? Well, the top 10 percent of households own more than 80 percent of all stock and mutual funds in the United States. If you expand the number to include the top 20 percent of households, that number climbs to more than 90 percent.

Zero to Sold: How to Start, Run, and Sell a Bootstrapped Business
by Arvid Kahl
Published 24 Jun 2020

If your customers have Excel files and expect the result of using your solution to be a fully-featured one-file PDF with reports and calculations, you shouldn't ask them to supply you with CSV files and product Word documents. Envision a solution that works with the inputs and outputs that your customers will realistically have. Maybe your solution is too complicated. Often, this is related to the inputs and outputs and the necessary pre- and post-work that goes into making them compatible with the rest of the workflow your customers have. Other times, your solution involves steps that your customers can't envision taking, either because they don't have the knowledge or permission. In your solution validation calls, make sure that your prospect can take every action they need to use your solution effectively.

Brotopia: Breaking Up the Boys' Club of Silicon Valley
by Emily Chang
Published 6 Feb 2018

PARENTHOOD AND THE PRESSURE TO KEEP UP Katharine Zaleski had just given birth to her first daughter and had just launched her first start-up, PowerToFly, which aims to find women tech jobs that offer flexible working arrangements, when she publicly apologized to all the moms she had ever worked with. In a Fortune article, Zaleski admitted that in her many years running digital products at the Huffington Post and the Washington Post, she had “silently slandered” women with kids by negatively judging their job performance. She rolled her eyes when they couldn’t make post-work drinks, repeatedly questioned their commitment, scheduled last-minute meetings at 4:30 p.m., just when parents might be wrapping up so they could go pick up their kids, and stayed at work late simply to prove she was more dedicated to the job. Some mothers would come in early and leave early, doing more work after dinner, but Zaleski wouldn’t value their after-hours contributions.

Dirty Genes: A Breakthrough Program to Treat the Root Cause of Illness and Optimize Your Health
by Ben Lynch Nd.
Published 30 Jan 2018

Maybe do some push-ups or go up and down a flight or two of stairs. Even better—go outside to get some fresh air. ■Lunch. This is likely your largest meal of the day. —Don’t use electronics. No driving. Eat lunch sitting down, conversing with others. —Chew your food well. —Take your time. Enjoy your meal. ■Postwork. Plan a nonelectronic activity for yourself when you’ve finished work obligations for the day. —Exercise, read, hike, or make progress on a hobby. —Do grocery shopping, laundry, or housecleaning. ■Dinner. Eat based on your activity for the day and how you’re feeling. —Consult the Gene Meal Guide in chapter 13 and eat accordingly.

The Glorious Heresies
by Lisa McInerney
Published 8 Apr 2015

What the name of the magic trick was that turned Tony Cusack from one kind of man to no man at all. He made the decision but it sat with him for a while, and he ended up driving from one end of the city to the other, smoking, and asking himself who the fuck he was. He picked up Karine at the hospital at clocking-off time and she jumped into the passenger seat with the post-work high she denied and he was addicted to. ‘Hey, baby boy!’ There was an even blanket of mist over the city. Karine shivered. ‘So dark,’ she complained, turning up the heat. ‘It’s like December.’ Out of the corner of his eye he noticed her narrow hers and smile. ‘You’re cranky, are you?’ ‘Not really,’ he said.

In the City of Bikes: The Story of the Amsterdam Cyclist
by Pete Jordan
Published 20 Aug 2012

Eventually the dinking pair cycle straight through an open door into a liquor store. Within a year, I watched more than a hundred Dutch films. When any Netherlander learned this, he or she usually first expressed disbelief and then sympathy, saying this figure was about a hundred more than the number of Dutch films he’d ever seen. I also spent my postwork afternoons sitting and watching the cyclists while carefully tallying any number of their noteworthy characteristics. For example, intrigued by the fact that so many Amsterdammers ate while cycling, I kept track of their tastes. The most popular food item consumed, by far, was apples; they outnumbered the second-place item, ice-cream cones, three-to-one.

Radical Technologies: The Design of Everyday Life
by Adam Greenfield
Published 29 May 2017

In some ways, left accelerationism is just a contemporary gloss applied to the visions of total leisure that were developed by the generations immediately preceding, in a few distinct currents. Forerunners like Constant Nieuwenhuys, the French Situationists, and the radical Italian architectural practice Superstudio explored the spatial dimensions of post-work society between the late 1950s and mid-1970s, developing conceptions of what urban environments might look like when more broadly arranged around self-actualization and play, while it was left to second-wave feminist thought to explore the social dimensions of full automation. Shulamith Firestone organizes much of the later argument of her 1970 The Dialectic of Sex on “machines that … surpass man in original thinking or problem-solving,” “the abolition of the labor force itself under a cybernetic socialism, the radical restructuring of the economy to make ‘work,’ i.e. wage labor, no longer necessary,” and ultimately the creation of a society in which “both adults and children could indulge in serious ‘play’ as much as they wanted.”16 And automated production, of course, furnishes Valerie Solanas one of the hinges of her SCUM Manifesto, with its ever-resonant demand to “overthrow the government, eliminate the money system, institute complete automation and destroy the male sex.”17 But for that last, these themes have recently reemerged to be picked up and developed in the contemporary accelerationist discourse, after a long interval during which utopian thought on the left seemed more captivated by the possibilities of networks than by any catalyzed by automation per se.

Lonely Planet Amsterdam
by Lonely Planet

Tunes BarCOCKTAIL BAR ( MAP GOOGLE MAP ; www.conservatoriumhotel.com; Conservatorium Hotel, Van Baerlestraat 27; h12.30pm-1am Mon-Thu, to 2am Fri & Sat, to midnight Sun; j2/3/5/12/16 Van Baerlestraat) A small but exceedingly sleek bar inside the stunning Conservatorium Hotel, this has a long transparent bar and wow-factor flower displays to admire while you sample one of its speciality G&Ts, such as a Gin Mare, with orange, basil and fevertree tonic, or Monkey 47, with elderflower and blackberries. There's also a fine cocktail list, with all drinks around the €20 mark. Café BédierBROWN CAFE ( MAP GOOGLE MAP ; %020-662 44 15; Sophialaan 36; hnoon-1am Mon-Thu, to 3am Fri, 11am-3am Sat, to 1am Sun; j2 Amstelveenseweg) Café Bédier is a post-work favourite with a terrace out the front that is often so crowded on a summer evening that it looks like a street party in full swing. Inside it also gets rammed; the leather-upholstered wall panels, modular seats and hardwood floors put a 21st-century twist on classic brown cafe decor. Top-notch bar food, too.

Work Won't Love You Back: How Devotion to Our Jobs Keeps Us Exploited, Exhausted, and Alone
by Sarah Jaffe
Published 26 Jan 2021

Through sharp analyses of the recent history and social contours of each occupation, Jaffe helps us understand the contemporary landscape and provides tools to contest how we are put to work. The result is a marvelously lucid, thoroughly readable, and wonderfully engaging book.” —Kathi Weeks, author of The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries “Sarah Jaffe’s months in the library have built the kind of analysis that you’d find in an institute of advanced study. Her years as a labor reporter have let her see frontlines where others have failed to look. And a lifetime of elegant writing has produced a prose style that pulls you through a book of rare importance.

Bullshit Jobs: A Theory
by David Graeber
Published 14 May 2018

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Wall, Richard. Family Forms in Historic Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Weber, Max. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. London: Unwin Press, 1930. Weeks, Kathi. The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. Western, Mark, and Erik Olin Wright. “The Permeability of Class Boundaries to Intergenerational Mobility Among Men in the United States, Canada, Norway, and Sweden.” American Sociological Review 59, no. 4 (August 1994): 606–29. White, R. “Motivation Reconsidered: The Concept of Competence.”

Work: A History of How We Spend Our Time
by James Suzman
Published 2 Sep 2020

Even more importantly, it is now far from certain whether or not the service sector will be able to accommodate all of those whose work will be determined superfluous to requirements by the next tide of automation, whose waves are already licking against the shores of this last refuge of working men and women in the post-industrial age. 15 The New Disease ‘We are being afflicted with a new disease of which some readers may not yet have heard the name, but of which they will hear a great deal in the years to come – namely, technological unemployment,’ warned John Maynard Keynes when describing his post-work utopia. ‘This means unemployment due to our discovery of means of economising the use of labour outrunning the pace at which we can find new uses for labour,’ he added. It was a sensible clarification for his 1930s audience. People had worried about the possibility of their trades or livelihoods being elbowed out by new technologies and ways of working ever since the Industrial Revolution shifted into second gear.

The Next Shift: The Fall of Industry and the Rise of Health Care in Rust Belt America
by Gabriel Winant
Published 23 Mar 2021

For the first view, see Moishe Postone, Time, Labor, and Social Domination: A Reinterpretation of Marx’s Critical Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993); Michael Denning, “Wageless Life,” New Left Review 66 (November–December 2010), 79–97; Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Post-Work Imaginaries (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011); Aaron Benanav, “Automation and the Future of Work—1,” New Left Review 119 (September–October 2019), 5–38; Aaron Benanav, “Automation and the Future of Work—2,” New Left Review 120 (November–December 2019), 117–146. For more mainstream approaches, see Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies (New York: Norton, 2014); Richard Baldwin, The Globotics Upheaval: Globalization, Robotics, and the Future of Work (New York: Oxford University Press, 2019).

Lonely Planet Barcelona
by Isabella Noble and Regis St Louis
Published 15 Nov 2022

AFoot Strolling northwest along Passeig de Gràcia from Plaça de Catalunya is a lovely way to reach the neighbourhood. The 1.5km walk takes around 25 minutes. Lonely Planet’s Top Tip A wonderful way to take in Gràcia’s atmosphere is from a cafe or restaurant on one of its many squares. Arrive after dusk and watch as the place comes to life in the post-work hours. 6 Best Places to Drink ABobby Gin AEl Ciclista ASlowMov AElephanta AEl Rabipelao For reviews, see here. 5 Best Places to Eat ALa Pubilla ABerbena ALes Tres a la Cuina AExtra Bar ACon Gracia ALa Panxa del Bisbe For reviews, see here. 7 Best Places to Shop AColmillo de Morsa ACasa Atlântica AFamily Beer AFromagerie Can Luc AAmalia Vermell ABodega Bonavista For reviews, see here.

Nothing Personal: My Secret Life in the Dating App Inferno
by Nancy Jo Sales
Published 17 May 2021

If he had seemed mysterious before, now he just seemed wistful and low. When we got into bed, it was if he wanted to make love to disappear in me. He was drinking more than ever. I didn’t know what to do to help him. There was no time to talk. I was still preoccupied with finishing up my film—doing the color correction and sound mixing with the guys at Postworks, working on the publicity and other things—and he seemed as busy as ever with his job at the fashion house. He’d been promoted to a managerial position, overseeing a crew. But he still seemed dissatisfied. And then, in the summer of 2018, he texted me saying he was moving to Oregon. He said he knew some “fellers” out there who made good money working construction, and they had invited him to come out and live with them.

Lonely Planet Florence & Tuscany
by Lonely Planet , Virginia Maxwell and Nicola Williams
Published 1 Dec 2013

BEST COOKING CLASSES » Pepenero (Click here) » Scuola di Arte Culnaria Cordon Bleu (Click here) » In Tavola (Click here) When to Eat » Colazione (breakfast) is a quick dash into a bar or cafe for a short sharp espresso and cornetto (croissant) or brioche (pastry) standing at the bar. » Pranzo (lunch) is traditionally the main meal of the day, though Tuscans now tend to share the main family meal in the evening. Standard restaurant times are noon or 12.30pm to 2.30pm; locals don’t lunch before 1pm. » Aperitivo (aperitif) is the all-essential post-work, early-evening drink that takes place any time between 5pm and 10pm when the price of your cocktail (€8 to €10 in Florence) includes a copious buffet of nibbles, finger foods, or even salads, pasta and so on. » Cena (dinner) has traditionally been lighter than lunch. The traditional Tuscan belt-busting, five-course whammy only happens on Sunday and feast days.

Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire
by Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri
Published 1 Jan 2004

See also André Gorz, Reclaiming Work: Beyond the Wage-Based Society, trans. Chris Turner (Cambridge: Polity, 1999); André Gorz, L’immatériel (Paris: Galilée, 2003); Ulrich Beck, The Brave New World of Work (Cambridge: Polity, 2000); Edoardo Matarazzo Suplicy, Renda de cidadania (São Paulo: Cortez, 2002); and Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler, eds., Post-Work (New York: Routledge, 1998). 63 On “social-movement unionism,” see Kim Moody, Workers in a Lean World: Unions in the International Economy (London: Verso, 1997). 64 For more information on the strikes of part-time workers and “intérimaires,” see the Web site of the group “Les précaires associés de Paris,” http://pap.ouvaton.org. 65 Unfortunately, twentieth-century readings of Dostoyevsky’s novel have been dominated and impoverished by its relation to Russian communism.

Florence & Tuscany
by Lonely Planet

When to Eat » Colazione (breakfast) Breakfast for most Tuscans is a quick dash into a bar or cafe for a short sharp espresso and cornetto (Italian croissant) or brioche (breakfast pastry) balanced on the saucer standing at the bar. » Pranzo (lunch) Traditionally, the main meal of the day, though many Tuscans now tend to share the main family meal in the evening. Many businesses close for la pausa (afternoon break). Standard restaurant times are noon or 12.30pm to 2.30pm, though most locals don’t lunch before 1pm. » Aperitivo (aperitif) Fabulously popular in Florence, that all-essential post-work, early-evening drink can take place any time between 5pm and 10pm when the price of your cocktail (€8 to €10 in Florence) includes an eat-yourself-silly buffet of nibbles, finger foods, even salads, pasta and so on. » Apericena This growing trend among 20- and 30-something Florentines sees that copious aperitivo buffet double as cena (dinner). » Cena (dinner) Traditionally, dinner is lighter than lunch though still a main meal.

Upheaval: Turning Points for Nations in Crisis
by Jared Diamond
Published 6 May 2019

Japan’s male/female pay differential for full-time employees is the third highest (exceeded only by South Korea and Estonia) among 35 rich industrial countries. A Japanese woman employee is paid on average only 73% of a man employee at the same level, compared to 85% for the average rich industrial country, ranging up to 94% for New Zealand. Work obstacles for women include the long work hours, the expectation of post-work employee socializing, and the problem of who will take care of the children if a working mother is expected to stay out socializing, and if her husband is also unavailable or unwilling. Child care is a big problem for working Japanese mothers. On paper, Japanese law guarantees women four weeks of maternity leave before and eight weeks after childbirth; some Japanese men are also entitled to paternity leave; and a 1992 law entitles parents to take one whole year of unpaid leave to raise a child if they so choose.

Lonely Planet Southern Italy
by Lonely Planet

Traditionally the main meal of the day, lunch usually consists of a primo (first course), secondo (second course) and dolce (dessert). Standard restaurant times are noon to 3pm, though most locals don’t lunch before 1pm. Aperitivo Especially popular in larger cities like Naples, Palermo and Catania, post-work drinks usually take place between 7pm and 9pm, when the price of your drink includes complimentary savoury snacks. Cena (dinner) Traditionally a little lighter than lunch, though still a main meal. Standard restaurant times are 7.30pm to around 11pm, though many southern Italians don’t sit down to dinner until 9pm or even later.

Frommer's San Francisco 2012
by Matthew Poole , Erika Lenkert and Kristin Luna
Published 4 Oct 2011

Le Colonial ★ VIETNAMESE Viet-chic environs and quality French Vietnamese food make this an excellent choice for folks who want to nosh at one of the sexiest restaurants in town. Picture slowly spinning ceiling fans, tropical plants, rattan furniture, and French colonial decor. The upstairs lounge (which opens at 4:30pm) is where romance reigns, with cozy couches, seductive surroundings, and a well-dressed cocktail crowd of post-work professionals who nosh on coconut-crusted crab cakes and Vietnamese spring rolls. In the tiled downstairs dining room and along the stunning heated front patio, guests savor the vibrant flavors of coconut curry with black tiger prawns, mangos, eggplant, and Asian basil and tender wok-seared beef tenderloin with watercress onion salad. 20 Cosmo Place (off Taylor St., btw.

Sweden
by Becky Ohlsen
Published 19 Jun 2009

Pappa Grappa Bar & Trattorian (18 00 14; Gamla Rådstugugatan 26-28; mains Skr120-255; 6pm-late Mon-Sat, pizzeria also open Sun) Gobble up a brilliant wood-fired pizza in the pizzeria, or slip into the vaulted restaurant for scrumptious antipasto and meat and fish mains. Established by an Italian ballroom dancing champion, there’s also an on-site deli for take-home treats. Favourite post-work drinking spots include cellar pub Stopet (10 07 40; Gamla Torget) and nearby Pub Wasa (18 26 05; Gamla Rådstugugatan). The Bishop’s Arms (36 41 20; Tyska Torget 2), at the Grand Hotel, is a good English-style pub with a great river view. The blocks between Drottninggatan and Olai Kyrkogata contain shopping centres that are packed with chain stores and supermarkets.

Lonely Planet Iceland (Travel Guide)
by Lonely Planet , Carolyn Bain and Alexis Averbuck
Published 31 Mar 2015

HressingarskálinnPUB ( MAP GOOGLE MAP ; www.hresso.is; Austurstræti 20; h9am-1am Sun-Thu, 10am-4.30am Fri & Sat; W) Known as Hressó, this large cafe-bar serves a diverse menu until 10pm (everything from porridge to plokkfiskur; mains Ikr1700 to Ikr4500), then at weekends it loses its civilised veneer and concentrates on drinks and dancing. DJs offer pop and rock Thursday through Saturday. BastBAR ( MAP GOOGLE MAP ; %519 7579; www.bast.is; Hverfisgata 20; h11am-midnight Mon-Wed, to 1am Thu-Sat, to 8pm Sun) A young, happy post-work crowd fills this warehouse-like space hosting good DJs. LavabarinnCLUB ( MAP GOOGLE MAP ; Lækjargata 6; h5pm-1am Thu, to 4.30am Fri & Sat) DJs get this former illegal gentlemen's club pumping with house, R&B, electronica and pop. English PubPUB (Enski Barinn; MAP GOOGLE MAP ; www.enskibarinn.is; Austerstræti 12a; hnoon-1am Sun-Thu, to 4.30am Fri & Sat) Reliable pub for catching football matches. 3Entertainment The vibrant Reykjavík live-music scene is ever-changing.

The Rough Guide to Jamaica
by Thomas, Polly,Henzell, Laura.,Coates, Rob.,Vaitilingam, Adam.

Call ahead for details of special events. Mingles Courtleigh Hotel, 85 Knutsford Blvd T929 9000. Indoor and outdoor sections of this in-hotel nightclub provide pleasant settings for a drink during the week. Peppers 31 Upper Waterloo Rd. Late-opening and permanently popular outdoor bar that pulls in post-work drinkers and then younger clubbers, who pack out the outdoor dancefloor. There’s a huge line of pool tables, and inexpensive Jamaican food is available. Especially good every other Saturday night when the bar hosts Kingston’s best Latin party. Pure Trinidad Terrace, in the heart of New Kingston. Modern, sophisticated and uber-trendy, Pure is the first lounge to open in Kingston and is a perfect spot for early evening cocktails.

Lonely Planet London
by Lonely Planet
Published 22 Apr 2012

The Pub The pub (public house) is at the heart of London’s existence and is one of the capital’s great social levellers. Virtually every Londoner has a ‘local’ and looking for your own is one of the highlights of any visit to the capital. Pubs in central London are mostly drinking dens, busy from 5pm onwards with the postwork crowd during the week and revellers at weekends. But in more residential areas in East, South, West and North London, pubs come into their own at weekends, when long lunches turn into afternoons and groups of friends settle in for the night. Many also run popular quizzes on week nights. Ale on tap NAKI KOUYIOUMTZIS/PHOTOLIBRARY © You’ll be able to order almost anything you like in a pub, from beer to wine, soft drinks, spirit and mixer (whisky and coke etc) and sometimes hot drinks too.

Drink: A Cultural History of Alcohol
by Iain Gately
Published 30 Jun 2008

The Japanese divided business into two parts: “dry” relations, i.e., meetings during office hours; and mizu shobai, or the “water trade,” which took place at night in bars. For the dry portion of each working day, salarymen maintained the ancient ethos of seniority through age, and juniors were expected to refrain from passing an opinion. However, at postwork drinking sessions, after a single drink, the same subordinates were deemed to be “drunk” and given license to speak their minds. This convention allowed ideas to flow between different levels of staff that might otherwise have been stifled by tradition. Therefore, in order to make an impression, an aspiring salaryman was required to drink and to be theoretically, if not actually, drunk most evenings.

Frommer's New Mexico
by Lesley S. King
Published 2 Jan 1999

Lunch also brings more formal dishes such as a grilled Atlantic salmon with grilled vegetables and mango salsa. At dinner, the prime rib is a big hit, as is the filet mignon, both served with a potato and vegetable. For dessert, try the chocolate pot. The bar here romps during happy hour, when the booths fill up, martinis nearly overflow, and reasonably priced menu items sate postwork appetites. 7 SANTA FE Mexico, he grew up in Santa Fe, where he started his career as a dishwasher. After formal training, he became executive chef at some of the city’s finest restaurants. Finally at his own eatery, he serves innovative flavors often utilizing chile peppers and local, seasonal ingredients.

The Story of Work: A New History of Humankind
by Jan Lucassen
Published 26 Jul 2021

Weber, Max. ‘Agrarverhältnisse im Altertum’, in Handwörterbuch der Staatswissenschaften (Jena: Gustav Fischer, 1909), pp. 52–188. Weber, Max. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, edited by Johannes Winckelman (Tübingen: Mohr, 1976). Weeks, Kathi. The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Durham, NC/London: Duke UP, 2011). Weil, David. The Fissured Workplace: Why Work Became So Bad for So Many and What Can be Done to Improve it (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2014). Weill, Claudie. L’Internationale et l’Autre: Les Relations interethniques dans la IIe Internationale (discussions et débats) (Paris: Arcantère, 1987).

France (Lonely Planet, 8th Edition)
by Nicola Williams
Published 14 Oct 2010

Barberousse (Map; 04 72 00 80 53; 18 rue Terrailles, 1er; Hôtel de Ville; 7pm-3am Tue-Sat) The busiest time of day at this student-loved shooter bar, one of a handful of nightlife venues on back-alley rue Terrailles, is between 8pm and 10pm when its flavoured rums are downed sur le pouce (on the cheap). Cinnamon, chestnut, violet or rhubarb and caramel…the choice is exotic. Ké Pêcherie (Map; 04 78 28 26 25; quai de la Pêcherie, 1er; Hôtel de Ville; 7am-1.30am) Trendy with an older set, this Saône-side space spans the whole spectrum of drinking: daytime café, late-afternoon lounge bar, postwork aperitif and heaving music venue. Andy Walha (Map; 04 78 30 54 48; 29 rue de l’Arbre Sec, 1er; Hôtel de Ville; 11am-3am) Warhol inspires the pop-art decor at this cocktail bar where a beautiful set quaffs champagne, cocktails and elderflower cordial well past midnight. Food too: smoked salmon, foie gras (fattened liver) and gourmet half- or full-sized mixed platters (€14/26).

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Montparnasse The most popular places to while away the hours over a drink or coffee in Montparnasse are large café-restaurants like La Coupole and Le Dôme on bd du Montparnasse. Cubana Café (Map; 01 40 46 80 81; 47 rue Vavin, 6e; Vavin; 11am-3am Sun-Wed, 11am-5am Thu-Sat) The perfect place to have cocktails and tapas (€3.70 to €7.10) before carrying on to the clubs of Montparnasse. A post-work crowd sinks into the comfy leather armchairs beneath oil paintings of everyday life in Cuba. Le Rosebud (Map; 01 43 35 38 54; 11bis rue Delambre, 14e; Edgar Quinet or Vavin; 7pm-2am) Like the sleigh of that name in Citizen Kane, Rosebud harkens to the past. Enjoy an expertly mixed champagne cocktail or whisky sour amid the quiet elegance of polished wood and aged leather.

The Rough Guide to New York City
by Martin Dunford
Published 2 Jan 2009

Yes, that Stonewall, site of the seminal 1969 riot, mostly refurbished and flying the pride flag like they own it – which, one could say, they do. Bingo, DJs, drag variety shows, and comedy nights; call ahead to see what’s on. Therapy 348 W 52nd St, between Eighth and Ninth aves T 212/397-1700. Sleek bar/lounge geared to Midtowners and the post-work drinking crowd. DJ sets (weekends) and drag shows, washed down with signature cocktails that keep up the psychological theme like the Gender Bender (citron vodka, lemonade, and watermelon juice) and the Anorexic (rum and diet Red Bull in a Splenda-rimmed glass). Vlada 331 W 51st St, between Eighth and Ninth aves T 212/974-8030.

The Rough Guide to New York City
by Rough Guides
Published 21 May 2018

Bingo, DJs, drag variety shows, male dancers and lesbian nights; call or check the website to see what’s on. Daily 2pm–4am. Therapy 348 W 52nd St, between Eighth and Ninth aves 212 397 1700, therapy-nyc.com; subway C, E to 50th St; map. Sleek bi-level bar/lounge geared to Midtowners and the post-work drinking crowd. DJ sets, drag shows and theme nights make up the weekly calendar; wash down bar snacks while imbibing signature cocktails that keep up the psychological motif like the Freudian Sip (citron vodka, lemonade and fresh ginger) and the Psychotic Episode (suffice to say it includes banana liqueur).

Lonely Planet Brazil
by Lonely Planet

Each one of their bowls is thoughtfully constructed with fresh ingredients, but if you can only choose one, go with the impressive-looking dragon bowl, which features salmon prepared via blowtorch. Villa Maceio Food ParkFOOD TRUCK$ (map Google map; %82 99937-7174; www.facebook.com/villamaceiofoodpark; Lourenço Moreira da Silva 203-245, Ponta Verde; mains R$20-40; h6-11pm Tue & Wed, to midnight Fri & Sat, 5-11pm Sun; v) You’ll find both post-beach tourists and post-work locals flocking to this collection of food trucks at night. Everything from Brazilian favorites to gourmet hamburgers are represented and there is (of course) a beer-keg cart that dispenses several varieties of craft brew. Panificação AltezaBAKERY$ (map Google map; %82 3231-0447; João Pitão 1181, Ponta Verde; snacks & sandwiches R$5-17; h6am-8pm Mon-Sat) This gourmet mini-market, complete with a coffee bar and bakery, is the perfect place to get your caffeine fix while stocking up on fresh bread, tropical fruits, cold cuts, Argentinian wine and chocolate cake for your picnic or hotel room.

Germany Travel Guide
by Lonely Planet

Hops & Barley PUB Offline map Google map (2936 7534; Wühlischstrasse 40; Warschauer Strasse, Warschauer Strasse) Conversation flows as freely as the unfiltered pilsner, malty dunkel (dark), fruity weizen (wheat) and potent cider produced right at this congenial microbrewery inside a former butcher’s shop. Fellow beer lovers range from skinny-jean hipsters to suits swilling post-work pints among ceramic-tiled walls and shiny copper vats. Half a litre is €3.10. Monster Ronson’s Ichiban Karaoke Offline map Google map Ronson’s Ichiban Karaoke KARAOKE (8975 1327; www.karaokemonster.com; Warschauer Strasse 34; Warschauer Strasse, Warschauer Strasse) Knock back a couple of brewskis if you need to loosen your nerves before belting out your best Britney or Lady Gaga at this mad, great karaoke joint.

The Defence of the Realm
by Christopher Andrew
Published 2 Aug 2010

Germany
by Andrea Schulte-Peevers
Published 17 Oct 2010

Pop Idol wannabes can pick from thousands of songs and hit the stage; shy types may prefer renting a private party room (per hour €12). Hops & Barley (Map; 2936 7534; Wühlischstrasse 38) Conversation flows as freely as the beer (and cider) produced right at this congenial microbrewery. Share a table with low-key locals swilling postwork pints and munching rustic Treberbrot, a hearty bread made with a natural by-product from the brewing process. Return to beginning of chapter Charlottenburg & Schöneberg Galerie Bremer (Map; 881 4908; Fasanenstrasse 37; from 8pm Mon-Sat) Entering this tiny bar tucked behind an art gallery feels like slipping into a swanky ’20s speakeasy.

Frommer's California 2009
by Matthew Poole , Harry Basch , Mark Hiss and Erika Lenkert
Published 2 Jan 2009

Finds VIETNAMESE Viet-chic envir ons—picture slo wly spinning Le C olonial ceiling fans, tr opical plants, rattan furnitur e, and F rench Colonial decor—and quality French Vietnamese food make this an ex cellent choice for folks who want to nosh at one of the sexiest r estaurants in town. The upstairs lounge (which opens at 4:30pm) is wher e romance r eigns, with cozy couches, seductiv e surr oundings, and a w ell-dressed cocktail crowd of post-work professionals who nosh on coconut-crusted crab cakes and Vietnamese spring rolls. In the tiled downstairs dining room and along the stunning heated front patio, guests savor the vibrant flavors of coconut curry with black tiger prawns, mangos, eggplant, and Asian basil and tender wok-seared beef tenderloin with watercress onion salad. 20 Cosmo Place (off Taylor St., btw.

Bookkeeping the Easy Way
by Wallace W. Kravitz
Published 30 Apr 1990

Know Your Vocabulary Balance Cross referencing Footings In balance Posting Trial balance < previous page page_48 next page > < previous page page_49 next page > Page 49 Questions 1. What steps are followed in posting journal entries? 2. On which side of accounts are balances normally found? 3. a) What does the journal posting refer to? b) What does the account posting refer to? 4. A bookkeeping clerk resumes his/her posting work after returning from lunch. How will he/she know where to resume? 5. What does a trial balance ''in balance" prove? Problems 7-1 After each account is posted, enter the account number in the posting reference column. < previous page page_49 next page > < previous page page_50 next page > Page 50 (A partial ledger is shown here

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Steps in posting journal entries: (1) For the account debited, enter the amount on the debit side of the account. (2) Enter the year, month, and day in the date column (do not repeat the year or month). (3) Enter the journal page number in the posting reference column of the account. (4) Enter the account number in the posting reference column of the journal. 2. Account balances are normally found on the side the account increases. 3. (a) Journal posting refers to the account. (b) Account posting refers to the journal page. 4. A clerk resumes posting work after the last account posting indicated in the journal. 5. A trial balance ''in balance" proves that debit and credit column totals are correct. < previous page page_241 next page > < previous page page_242 next page > Page 242 Problems < previous page page_242 next page > < previous page page_243 next page > Page 243 7-2 (1) and (2) Cash 2,020.00 Equipment 3,965.00 Supplies 60.00 Korn, Drawing 500.00 Advertising Expense 100.00 Utilities Expense 50.00 Total 6,695.00 Hi-Tech 1,925.00 Comp-Software 465.00 Korn, Capital 3,060.00 Services Income 1,245.00 Total 6,695.00 < previous page page_243 next page > < previous page page_244 next page > Page 244 < previous page page_244 next page > < previous page page_245 next page > Page 245 7-3 (3) Cash 1,275.00 Equipment 1,642.50 Supplies 355.00 Schaffer, Drawing 300.00 Miscellaneous Expense Total Jessup Bank Schaffer, Capital Fee Income Total Think It Over 65.00 3,637.50 825.00 2,372.50 440.00 3,637.50 Fowler should retrace the steps in the procedure: 1) check trial balance column totals 2) verify that accounts are entered in proper debit or credit column 3) verify correct account balances 4) check posting procedure for each entry 5) verify proper journal entry Jacobs neglected to journalize and post an entry for the same amount$50thus not affecting the equality of debits and credits in the trial balance.

The Left Case Against the EU
by Costas Lapavitsas
Published 17 Dec 2018

Ruoff (2016) shows the rapid rise of precarious work and the decline of stable employment after the Hartz Reforms. The rapid increase in low-paid employment already from the mid-1990s is noted by Hassel (2014). Benassi and Dorigatti (2015) document the relentless rise of agency work at the heart of the German industrial complex, eliciting the response of IG Metall. Posted work in the construction sector (i.e. work undertaken by employees sent by their employers to another EU member state) has also grown enormously (see Wagner 2015). The figures can be striking: thus Bispinck and Schulten (2011), drawing on the German Federal Employment Agency, report that ‘as a rule of thumb’ 40% of the total labour force can be considered as having an ‘atypical’ employment relationship. 13.

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Vavouras, I. 2013. Economic Policy (in Greek), Athens: Papazisis. Verdun, A. 1999. ‘The Role of the Delors Committee in the Creation of EMU: An Epistemic Community?’, Journal of European Public Policy, 6(2): 308–28. Wagner, I. 2015. ‘Rule Enactment in a Pan-European Labour Market: Transnational Posted Work in the German Construction Sector’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, 53(4): 692–710. Webber, D. 2014. ‘How Likely Is It That the European Union Will Disintegrate? A Critical Analysis of Competing Theoretical Perspectives’, European Journal of International Relations, 20(2): 341–65. Weiler, J.H.H. 2012.

Growth Hacker Marketing: A Primer on the Future of PR, Marketing, and Advertising
by Ryan Holiday
Published 2 Sep 2013

His results were equally stunning: 2,765,023 downloads, 276,409 page visits, 166,638 iTunes impressions, 52,151 Alex Day website impressions, and 5,000 new e-mail sign-ups for Alex’s mailing list. And we know what worked and what didn’t because we pored over the analytics. We looked at which blog posts worked and which didn’t, which drove traffic and which didn’t, what drove spikes in Amazon rank and what didn’t. This information will be crucial in subsequent launches and, of course, with my other clients. The Future of Marketing If you know the Way broadly you will see it in everything. —Musashi If something as old-school as publishing can be invigorated by the growth hacker approach, what else can?

Getting Real
by Jason Fried , David Heinemeier Hansson , Matthew Linderman and 37 Signals
Published 1 Jan 2006

. ;) An example from our own history is the Yellow Fade Technique, a method we invented to subtly spotlight a recently changed area on a page. We wrote a post about it on Signal vs. Noise. That post made the rounds and got thousands and thousands of page views (to this day it's doing huge traffic). The post worked on both an educational and a promotional level. A lesson was learned and a lot of people who never would have known about our products were exposed to them. Another example: During our development of Ruby on Rails, we decided to make the infrastructure open source. It turned out to be a wise move.

Traffic: Genius, Rivalry, and Delusion in the Billion-Dollar Race to Go Viral
by Ben Smith
Published 2 May 2023

This was Arianna’s side of the operation, the side that would hire Rachel Sklar the next year to both cover the media and recruit new bloggers—celebrities large and small, who would write for free and talk up their connection to The Huffington Post, creating buzz and social currency and thus, Huffington claimed, traffic. But, as Coen had intuited in that moment with John Cusack, that couldn’t really be how The Huffington Post worked. Arianna brought elite attention and talent to the site. But even as Huffington went around talking to anyone who could listen about how millions of people wanted to read an alternative view on the Iraq War, Jonah and his team knew the truth: nobody was reading that stuff. In fact, not that many people were reading The Huffington Post at all.

…

He was a perfect mark for Arianna, whose own reality-distortion field had created an image of The Huffington Post—a mecca for young viewers, powered by earnest concern about politics and “citizen journalists” blogging for free—that bore little resemblance to the dark arts KT, Jonah, and Breanna had mastered of gaming Google and getting middle-aged men to click on links that promised photographs of attractive young women. Armstrong does not appear to have actually understood much about how The Huffington Post worked. He was particularly taken by “the importance of recruiting hordes of free bloggers,” Forbes’s Jeff Bercovici later reported, under the apparent impression that the bloggers were the ones driving most of The Huffington Post’s traffic. “It was always, ‘Arianna does it. That’s what she’s built her business on.

JQuery Pocket Reference
by David Flanagan
Published 15 Dec 2010

Ajax Utility Functions The other high-level jQuery Ajax utilities are functions, not methods, and they are invoked directly through jQuery or $, not on a jQuery object. jQuery.getScript() loads and executes files of JavaScript code. jQuery.getJSON() loads a URL, parses it as JSON, and passes the resulting object to the specified callback. Both of these functions call jQuery.get(), which is a more general purpose URL-fetching function. Finally, jQuery.post() works just like jQuery.get() but performs an HTTP POST request instead of a GET. Like the load() method, all of these functions are asynchronous: they return to their caller before anything is loaded, and they notify you of the results by invoking a callback function that you specify. jQuery.getScript() The jQuery.getScript() function takes the URL of a file of JavaScript code as its first argument.

Gigged: The End of the Job and the Future of Work
by Sarah Kessler
Published 11 Jun 2018

If Kristy couldn’t figure out how to make a living, it wouldn’t be because she hadn’t tried, and it wouldn’t be because she wasn’t a fighter. Her first idea was to work more hours on Mechanical Turk. Founded in 2005, Mechanical Turk is an online “crowdsourcing” marketplace run by Amazon. Its clients post work tasks on a dashboard that a “crowd” of workers can choose to complete. The process doesn’t work that much differently than Gigster’s process. But the tasks on Mechanical Turk are often simple and pay just cents each. They’re jobs like adding tags to images, filling out spreadsheets with contact information, or writing product descriptions for websites.

The Year Without Pants: Wordpress.com and the Future of Work
by Scott Berkun
Published 9 Sep 2013

Of the many features we knew it would have to include, we narrowed them down to find the simplest, easiest, highest-value project we could release first (what's often called MVP or minimum viable product). Putting our list of feature ideas aside for the moment, we applied the same design thinking we'd done for posting. If the blogger's experience posting worked like this: then the visitor's experience commenting was like this: The largest burden of convincing a visitor to decide to comment was on the blogger. Bloggers who wrote a better post were more likely to get visitors to write comments in response. But anything we could do to help the process was worth doing.

Curation Nation
by Rosenbaum, Steven
Published 27 Jan 2011

Having put aside for a moment the politics of the change in publishing, Blau says that there is a meaningful transformation under way: “What is clearly happening is that there are many, many, many more people speaking in public or some version of public without having to ask permission, some of whom seem to be able to accumulate large audiences, some audiences, the scale of traditional broadcast television or feature films.” But, of course, Keen doesn’t agree. “The reason why the Huffington Post is growing is because specialization is changing, and because of the existence now of more and more personal brands,” he argues. “The Huffington Post works because people get their stuff for free because they’re promoting themselves, their expertise; it reflects a free-agent nation. So again, it’s a new kind of meritocracy. The old kind of meritocracy would be you publish yourself and you sell it as a journalist, or you’d publish it in one of your professional guild magazines or publications.

The Globotics Upheaval: Globalisation, Robotics and the Future of Work
by Richard Baldwin
Published 10 Jan 2019

What I got was a dozen or so proposals, including some from freelancers that were suggested by Upwork’s matchmaker bot. After reading the proposals (short cover letters) and checking out their online profiles (which included the wage they were asking), I interviewed two of them online for about 15 minutes each. After hiring my preferred candidate, I started posting work via Upwork’s file sharing service, and communicating with the copyeditor on the site (the site sends me an email when there is a new message, or file posted). To reassure me that the hours billed by the freelancers are real, Upwork takes occasional screenshots of the freelancer’s screen while she is claiming to be working for me.

From Beirut to Jerusalem
by Thomas L. Friedman
Published 1 Jan 1989

The first to be snatched, while walking to work, on March 7, 1984, was Jeremy Levin of Cable News Network, who lived in our apartment building just two floors above us. Levin had had a somewhat stormy relationship with the CNN bureau in Beirut, largely because he came in and tried to clean house and post work rules in what was a typical Beirut news bureau, where the local staff were all relatives and bookkeeping was “creative,” to say the least. It was a bit like posting work rules in Sodom and Gomorrah, so when Levin was abducted in the spring of 1984 my first thought was that one of the Lebanese in his own bureau might have arranged a pair of cement boots for him. The day Levin disappeared, CNN sent a two-man film crew over to our apartment house to take one of those clichéd close-up shots of the mailbox with his name on it.

The End of Secrecy: The Rise and Fall of WikiLeaks
by The "Guardian" , David Leigh and Luke Harding
Published 1 Feb 2011

In the Guardian, Timothy Garton Ash confessed he had been impressed by the professionalism of the US diplomatic corps – a hard-working and committed bunch. “My personal opinion of the state department has gone up several notches,” he wrote. “For the most part … what we see here is diplomats doing their proper job: finding out what is happening in places to which they are posted, working to advance their nation’s interests and their government’s policies.” Some world leaders brushed off the embarrassing revelations, at least in public, while others went on the attack. Iran’s President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who did not come out well in the disclosures of his regional unpopularity, dismissed the WikiLeaks data drop as “psychological warfare”.

Possiplex
by Ted Nelson
Published 2 Jan 2010

Even I, when I went to use JOT, found that it would effortless [sic] do what I expected it to do, and what I wanted it to do. So long as I could make myself forget what I actually knew about the underlying formal complexity, JOT always seemed simple." -- Email from Mark Miller to the author, 2005.08.11. What would Jon Post have said about JOT? (ca.1978) Jonathan vos Post worked with Mark Miller on a version of JOT for the Z-80, as I recall. As they worked, Jon said to Mark, ‘Ted’s got some good ideas, but I think we should fix them.’ Mark replied, ‘I know Ted better than you do. Let’s try it his way first.’ Both were surprised by the result. Here is Jon’s reply when I recently asked him to summarize: “… your genius was not just in that JOT worked as you said it would, albeit with 100 times more lines of code than you predicted, but that it FELT the way you said it would.

Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley From Building a New Global Underclass
by Mary L. Gray and Siddharth Suri
Published 6 May 2019

In interviewing dozens of on-demand workers, we saw two types of hypervigilance. The first was the need to spend hours wading and sorting through spam or suspicious offers for “at-home work,” searching for legitimate work on a legitimate platform. Because there are no legal requirements screening who posts work to on-demand marketplaces, workers had to make sure they weren’t signing up to a site that was simply looking to harvest their email address or that would open them up to identity theft. Lijo, 24, works for a business processing organization and lives in Bangalore, India. He learned about MTurk from a flyer stapled to a tree.

Israel: A Simple Guide to the Most Misunderstood Country on Earth
by Noa Tishby
Published 5 Apr 2021

It was like heading into the Wild West with an iPhone and a MacBook Pro. This was when my advocacy became not just this thing I did at dinner parties but a true calling. I started working with pro-Israel organizations around the US, with NGOs, and unofficially with the Israeli government. We created tweets and posts, working to push out positive news and debunk falsehoods when we saw them. Act for Israel also created presentations to explain to people in positions of power, in the Israeli government and in other big organizations, how this new world worked. We leaned on data, like the fact that 87 percent of people under the age of thirty got their news from Facebook.

Zucked: Waking Up to the Facebook Catastrophe
by Roger McNamee
Published 1 Jan 2019

Sensational headlines work better than calm descriptions of events. As Tristan says, the space of true things is fixed, while the space of falsehoods can expand freely in any direction—false outcompetes true. From an evolutionary perspective, that is a huge advantage. People say they prefer puppy photos and facts—and that may be true for many—but inflammatory posts work better at reaching huge audiences within Facebook and other platforms. Getting a user outraged, anxious, or afraid is a powerful way to increase engagement. Anxious and fearful users check the site more frequently. Outraged users share more content to let other people know what they should also be outraged about.

The Confidence Game: The Psychology of the Con and Why We Fall for It Every Time
by Maria Konnikova
Published 28 Jan 2016

But, he said, although it was a “very dehumanizing experience to be in prison,” adding that he and his fellow inmates were “treated like cattle,” he was staying creative, using the computer at Villa Devoto to continue with his research and follow field developments, like the Higgs boson discovery. He continued to post works in progress on ArXiv, an Internet repository of preprints in mathematical and scientific fields. Over the phone, he persisted in supervising two graduate students. He even found time to referee some journal articles. In October 2012, Frampton was allowed to leave the prison and instead spend his days under house arrest at an old friend’s home.

One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest: 50th Anniversary Edition
by Ken Kesey
Published 19 Jan 2012

He’d won his bet; he’d got the nurse’s goat the way he said he would, and had collected on it, but that didn’t stop him from going right ahead and acting like he always had, hollering up and down the hall, laughing at the black boys, frustrating the whole staff, even going so far as to step up to the Big Nurse in the hall one time and ask her, if she didn’t mind tellin’, just what was the actual inch-by-inch measurement on them great big ol’ breasts that she did her best to conceal but never could. She walked right on past, ignoring him just like she chose to ignore the way nature had tagged her with those outsized badges of femininity, just like she was above him, and sex, and everything else that’s weak and of the flesh. When she posted work assignments on the bulletin board, and he read that she’d given him latrine duty, he went to her office and knocked on that window of hers and personally thanked her for the honor, and told her he’d think of her every time he swabbed out a urinal. She told him that wasn’t necessary; just do his work and that would be sufficient, thank you.

On the Road: Adventures From Nixon to Trump
by James Naughtie
Published 1 Apr 2020

Hadn’t he said in the campaign that he knew more about ISIS than his generals, and didn’t need the help of CIA intelligence to navigate the world? After the inauguration, some of his officials had to begin to accept that he meant it. I spoke in early 2017 to a State Department lifer who had reason to understand. Tom Countryman became a diplomat in the early 1980s and, between foreign postings, worked in counter-terrorism, in the US delegation at the UN, on the staff of the National Security Council and, from 2011, was assistant secretary of the Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, dealing with Russia and arms reduction. He worked at the heart of the foreign policy and security machine for three Republican and two Democratic administrations, serving as a non-partisan official for presidents and secretaries of state of different colours, from Reagan to Obama.

The Clockwork Rocket
by Greg Egan
Published 30 Jun 2011

Yalda put the rubble sacks on holding hooks at the side of the machine, grasped a nearby support post with her two left hands, then started turning the crank that ratcheted the catapult’s launching plate back along its rails, stretching a set of springs below. As the crank began stiffening its resistance, she could feel the support post working itself loose from the ground. Cursing, she shifted her lower hands to the catapult, dug a mallet out of the tool hold, and bashed the support post half a dozen times. Yalda checked the post; it felt secure now. But as she bent to put the mallet back in the hold, she could feel a tiny rocking motion in the catapult itself: she’d managed to loosen some of the tapered wooden pegs that held its base against the ground.

The Gang That Wouldn't Write Straight: Wolfe, Thompson, Didion, Capote, and the New Journalism Revolution
by Marc Weingarten
Published 12 Dec 2006

Delighted by the exciting portrayals of newspaper life to be found in films such as Lewis Milestone’s The Front Page, he hungered for the competition and adrenaline rush of urban newspaper work, where reporters from four different papers might battle it out for a scoop. In 1959 Wolfe took a pay cut and landed a job at the Washington Post, working the city desk. Wolfe chafed at the Posts institutionalized, regimented approach to news gathering. “It was very much like an insurance office, with gray metal desks all lined up,” said Wolfe. “You couldn’t eat at your desk, and at one point, they even tried to ban smoking, but everyone just started climbing the walls.”

The Content Trap: A Strategist's Guide to Digital Change
by Bharat Anand
Published 17 Oct 2016

We’d graded students in our residential courses this way for years. During the previous decade, social networks had exploded, and so had the study of them. One question receiving attention had to do with why some social networks succeeded in encouraging certain behaviors, while others did not. For example, how did LinkedIn encourage participants to post work-related information, whereas Facebook postings were more personal? Why were users on Friendster interested in dating rather than building friendships, as its founders had intended? One emerging and powerful insight was that success rested on attracting the “right” users, giving them the “right” incentives to participate, and providing the “right” tools to engage in certain behaviors—it wasn’t about platform quality or social features per se.

Tailspin: The People and Forces Behind America's Fifty-Year Fall--And Those Fighting to Reverse It
by Steven Brill
Published 28 May 2018

Issue One executive director Nick Penniman explained that he had come to the same conclusion when he left a journalism career to merge two smaller non-profits into Issue One in 2014. “I saw that all the issues I was writing about could be traced back to some policy dysfunction, which could always be traced back to money.” Although Penniman, then forty-four, had a left-leaning background (he ran investigative projects for The Huffington Post, worked with veteran public television broadcaster Bill Moyers, and was an editor at the liberal American Prospect), he has pushed Issue One in a determinedly bipartisan direction. In fact, he has worked hardest at converting Republicans, especially conservative Republicans, to the cause. Penniman’s website and the materials distributed to donors by Issue One—which raised about $2.5 million in 2017 and was hoping to raise a million dollars more in 2018—are adorned with pie charts demonstrating how fed up both Republicans and Democrats are: Polls show that 72 percent of Americans, including 66 percent of Republicans, favored government-financed, small-donor campaign finance systems.

An Impeccable Spy: Richard Sorge, Stalin’s Master Agent
by Owen Matthews
Published 21 Mar 2019

Miyagi had no local contacts of any sort, and though friendly and gregarious, Miyagi did not move in the kind of circles that could be of any use to the spy ring. What Sorge needed to make his Tokyo assignment worthwhile was a Japanese agent of a much higher calibre. Ozaki Hotsumi had spent the two years since the end of his Shanghai posting working in Osaka at the foreign desk of the Asahi Shimbun and living a quiet family life with his wife Eiko and young daughter Yoko, born in November 1929. A sweeping purge of Japanese communists had caught several of his old friends and comrades, but since Ozaki had always been careful never to formally join the party he remained above suspicion.

Facebook: The Inside Story
by Steven Levy
Published 25 Feb 2020

LeCun presented a list of requirements that Facebook would have to meet if he were to set up a lab. It would have to be a separate organization, with no ties to product groups. It would have to be completely open—no restrictions on publishing. The results they came up with would have to be open-source so they would benefit everyone. Oh, and LeCun would retain his NYU post, working there part-time, and base the new lab in New York City. No problem! said Zuckerberg, and the Facebook Artificial Intelligence Lab, or FAIR, now is centered in New York City, on the edge of NYU’s Greenwich Village campus. It is the horizon-exploring partner to the company’s Applied Machine Learning team, which directs its AI work to products.

Tools of Titans: The Tactics, Routines, and Habits of Billionaires, Icons, and World-Class Performers
by Timothy Ferriss
Published 6 Dec 2016

A superlative sitter is someone who doesn’t have any agenda of their own. They don’t want you to see a certain thing. They don’t want you to be a certain way. They don’t want you to discover a certain thing.” With or without psychedelics, sounds like good criteria for close friends, too. On the Importance of “Pre” and “Post” Work There’s a saying in the psychedelic world: “If you get the answer, you should hang up the phone.” In other words, when you get the message you need, you shouldn’t keep asking (i.e., having more experiences), at least until you’ve done some homework assignments, or used the clarity gained to make meaningful changes.