Key to the City: How Zoning Shapes Our World
by Sara C. Bronin · 30 Sep 2024 · 230pp · 74,949 words
, adopted in 1953, just as the automobile roared into American households and the urban-suburban exodus began nationwide. Many provisions in the second code—from single-use zoning to minimum lot-size mandates to parking requirements—squarely aimed to reorient a dense, vibrant, and walkable city around cars. Around the same time that
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Beach, FL, 156, 162, 170, 182 in Hartford, 36 in Las Vegas, 162 in Nashville, 47–48, 50 in San Diego, 22–26, 182, 183 single-use zoning vs., 25–27, 99 transit-oriented development and, 12, 101, 104–7, 171 “Mongolians,” 17 Monkkonen, Paavo, 84, 194 Moreno, Vivian, 26 mortgages, 92, 160
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Minneapolis, 80–85, 88 parking requirements and, 170–71, 190 in the suburban utopia, 126–27 in Texas, 56, 72–77, 79, 92, 190, 192 single-use zoning, 25–27, 99. See also mixed-use districts Sixth Street, Nashville, 54–59, 80, 187 small-scale artisanal production, 29–38, 100, 116, 120, 170
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in search of the Goldilocks Zone, 15–28 setbacks, 73, 76, 113, 142, 154, 171, 190 signage, 6, 10, 147, 161–64, 171, 206, 207 single-use zoning, 25–27, 99. See also mixed-use districts for small-scale businesses, 29–38 state laws governing, 7, 22, 146, 179, 187 stepbacks, 143, 171
Suburban Nation
by Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk and Jeff Speck · 14 Sep 2010 · 321pp · 85,267 words
pollution control. A comprehensive mix of diverse land uses is once again as reasonable as it was in the preindustrial age. The planners’ enthusiasm for single-use zoning and the government’s commitment to homebuilding and highway construction were supported by another, more subtle ethos: the widespread application of management lessons learned overseas
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dangerous. In fact, they are not called trees at all but FHOs: Fixed and Hazardous Objects.i 5. Mixed Use. In contrast to sprawl’s single-use zoning, almost all of downtown Alexandria’s blocks are of mixed use, as are many of the buildings. Despite this complexity, it is not a design
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-minute walk down a residential street becomes instead an expedition requiring the use of gasoline, roadway capacity, and space for parking. Supporters of this separatist single-use zoning argue that people do not want to live near shopping. This is only partially true. Some don’t, and some do. But suburbia does not
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need to surround their subdivisions with high walls and hire fulltime security. The suburban development pattern contributes to crime in other ways as well. The single-use zoning system means that many areas are occupied only during certain times of the day. Apparently abandoned, residential subdivisions invite all sorts of misbehavior. Further, the
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manipulators of government subsidies. Until the disincentives are eliminated, the inner city will continue to be outperformed by the outer suburbs. INVESTMENT SECURITY Owing to single-use zoning and deed restrictions, suburbia offers developers and purchasers enormous predictability regarding their investment. If a family buys a single-family house in a new subdivision
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-family houses; architectural style of; builders of; design of, value and; facades of; federal loan programs for; in new towns and villages; taxes on; urban single-use zoning; adjacency versus accessibility in; investor security and; in regional planning site plans; of five-minute walk neighborhoods site-value taxation Sitte, Camillo smart growth, government
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; developers and; gentrification and; history of; inner-city; mixed-use, see mixed-use development; public transit and; regional planning and; rewriting ordinances; single-use, see single-use zoning Notes a Bill Morrish and Catherine Brown have done much to document this new frontier of decline, the “inner ring,” at the Design Center for
Triumph of the City: How Our Greatest Invention Makes Us Richer, Smarter, Greener, Healthier, and Happier
by Edward L. Glaeser · 1 Jan 2011 · 598pp · 140,612 words
development. As a Greenwich Village resident, she opposed a plan to run a road through Washington Square Park. While zoning advocates were increasingly pushing for single-use zoning, Jacobs became an advocate of mixed-use zoning, opposing “segregating New York into economically independent islands with endless, dreadful consequences.” She vehemently opposed retail-free
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of moderate densities led her to fight against tall structures, such as a nine-story library for New York University, just as she fought against single-use zoning and new expressways. Her urban vision was very much grounded in the experience of her own Greenwich Village neighborhood, with its taverns and thinkers and
Aerotropolis
by John D. Kasarda and Greg Lindsay · 2 Jan 2009 · 603pp · 182,781 words
apartments all mixed together and connected by leafy streets and boulevards instead of access roads and parking lots. Doing this in a prefab, spec-built, single-use zoning universe required writing their own manual, SmartCode, containing not only guidelines for densities but also prescriptions for everything from street widths to rooflines, porches, stoop
The End of the Suburbs: Where the American Dream Is Moving
by Leigh Gallagher · 26 Jun 2013 · 296pp · 76,284 words
know was that we were just getting started. • • • Both the car and the government made possible one other critical building block of modern-day suburbia: single-use zoning. In 1926, the Supreme Court ruled in a landmark case that the town of Euclid, Ohio, an otherwise unassuming Cleveland suburb, had the right to
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a condition for granting mortgages, this separation became baked into most new developments. More than almost anything else, single-use zoning permanently altered the look, feel, and overall DNA of our modern suburbs. Even now, single-use zoning is the easiest way to distinguish modern suburbs from their older counterparts. Instead of having a single downtown
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, in places like Lake Forest, Illinois, Palo Alto or San Mateo, California, the Country Club district of Kansas City, or Edina, Minnesota. These suburbs predate single-use zoning, so buildings of all uses are mixed together. There’s usually a clearly defined town center, many residents are within walking distance of the necessities
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made of curving subdivisions, looping streets, and cul-de-sacs. Clarence Perry and the developers of the early automobile suburbs had used this template, but single-use zoning led developers to adopt it as the standard. As they did in Perry’s design, the streets within the system adhere to a specific road
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town to another. It’s safe to say that almost all the common complaints about modern-day suburbia relate in some way or another to single-use zoning. Robert Putnam, a Harvard professor and author of the 2000 book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, has said this setup forces
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are a product of the free market. Even the way our suburbs look is guided by a thicket of government regulations. Beyond just adhering to single-use zoning, for example, conventional suburban developers must follow other zoning laws, building codes, street design regulations, and minimum parking requirements. Just like the book of standards
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at an event but also because he felt the need to “bask in classicism,” our conversation took a similar tour, traveling from the history of single-use zoning and how municipalities “downloaded the cancer” when they bought standardized development codes, to how Brigham Young was a management and town planning genius.) Over the
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, 47–48 neighborhood satisfaction factors, 91 neighbors, lack of interaction, 91–92 in popular culture, 39, 51, 53, 79, 91, 144 racial homogeneity, 42–43 single-use zoning issue, 41–42, 63 social interaction deficits, 91–92, 125 of sprawl, 45–46, 60, 82 transportation costs, 99–101 wasteland descriptions, 50, 52 Cul
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marketing of suburbs, 64–69 mass-produced communities, 37–38, 46, 70 post–World War II expansion, 35–38, 41, 65 racial homogeneity, 42–43 single-use zoning, effects of, 39–42, 63 socioeconomic status in, 28 sprawl/edge cities, 45–46 and transportation advances, 29–34, 62 urban migration into (1970s), 44
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Homes, 6 Sherman, Sam, 117–18, 140, 210 Shiller, Robert, 8 Shopping malls decline/vacancies, 180 emergence of, 44–45 retrofitting as communities, 180–81 Single-use zoning, 39–42, 63 Small-home movement, 138–140, 159 Small House Society, 138 Smart Growth America, 46 Smoke, Jonathan, 24, 157, 160, 210 Social interaction
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, Douglas, 18, 164, 166, 189–190, 208–9 Yergin, Daniel, 105 Zappos, 92, 174–76 Zell, Sam, 165 Zipcars, 108 Zoning New Urbanism communities, 126 single-use zoning issue, 39–42, 63 Zuckerberg, Mark, 93 Table of Contents PRAISE FOR The End of the Suburbs TITLE PAGE COPYRIGHT DEDICATION CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 | THE
Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed
by James C. Scott · 8 Feb 1999 · 607pp · 185,487 words
is prepared to argue from close daily observation at street level rather than stipulating human wishes from above. The logic behind the spatial segregation and single-use zoning of the urban planners that Jacobs criticized was at once aesthetic, scientific, and practical. As an aesthetic matter, it led to the visual regularityeven regimentation
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draw away their clientele. The whole point was to legislate the formula, thereby guaranteeing the shopping center a monopoly of its catchment area.100 Rigid, single-use zoning is, then, not just an aesthetic measure. It is an indispensable aid to scientific planning, and it can also be used to transform formulas posing
Green Metropolis: Why Living Smaller, Living Closer, and Driving Less Are Thekeys to Sustainability
by David Owen · 16 Sep 2009 · 313pp · 92,907 words
the dots on the line in the (kindergarten-caliber) graph that follows, in which the round dots represent residences and the square dots, isolated in single-use zones on either side, represent retail shops and businesses: If you imagine that your own house is the star at the very center of the line
Smart Cities: Big Data, Civic Hackers, and the Quest for a New Utopia
by Anthony M. Townsend · 29 Sep 2013 · 464pp · 127,283 words
trained as a mathematician and saw the structure and dynamics of the city through mathematical analogies. To Alexander, the sprawl of postwar surburbia, with its single-use zones and cul de sacs, looked structurally like “trees.” In a tree, individual pieces link together up and down in a rigid branching hierarchy, but there