Dreaming in Code: Two Dozen Programmers, Three Years, 4,732 Bugs, and One Quest for Transcendent Software
by Scott Rosenberg · 2 Jan 2006 · 394pp · 118,929 words
and distributing software; it can radically change the nuts-and-bolts process of developing software—moving it from the cloistered few to a distributed crowd. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” a 1997 essay by programmer Eric S. Raymond, remains the most cogent explanation of that change. Raymond, a longtime hacker of the old school, described
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seemingly emerge only by a succession of miracles. The fact that this bazaar style seemed to work, and work well, came as a distinct shock. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” dissected Torvalds’s style of managing the Linux project over (then) half a decade’s development from personal hobby to global phenomenon and derived a
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and Linux changed that, demonstrating that a “promiscuous,” bazaar-style approach could produce big, useful software that kept getting better. By the time Raymond wrote “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” the successes of Linux and other open source software projects—such as the Apache Web server (with, at the time I write this, a roughly
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have access to source code than of identifying the importance of the Internet, and of Torvalds-style leadership, in making that access to code valuable. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” made a persuasive case for Torvalds’s brand of open source as a leap forward, but it didn’t fully come to grips with the
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it any easier to predict how much time it would take to write a new program or to speed its delivery to a waiting public. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” doesn’t actually repeal Brooks’s Law and solve the problem of time in software development; it maps an alternate universe for programming in which
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. Contrasting OSAF with his experience at Netscape, he laid part of the blame on OSAF’s more democratic, less hierarchical structure—the very structure that “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” had championed as an efficient technique for marshaling stubborn programmers: “At OSAF we rule by general consensus, and decisions happen slowly. The most important thing
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amount of work over several years had already been put into codifying the details. “Good programmers know what to write,” Eric Raymond had written in “The Cathedral and the Bazaar.” “Great ones know what to rewrite (and reuse).” There was no need to reinvent the RDF wheel; maybe OSAF could just hitch a ride on
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editions of the Jargon File, also known as the New Hacker’s Dictionary, a compendium of programmer language and lore curated by Eric Raymond of “The Cathedral and the Bazaar.” Early editions defined geek as “one who eats (computer) bugs for a living—an asocial, malodorous, pasty-faced monomaniac with all the personality of a
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open source hadn’t prevented Chandler from ending up in the same agonizing time warp as countless other ambitious software projects. Maybe Eric Raymond’s “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” had been wrong, and Linus’s Law (“‘Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow”) didn’t transcend Brooks’s Law after all. Or perhaps OSAF
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volunteers and external contributions, but Chandler’s grand design ambitions and sluggish pace of delivery had made it hard for outsiders to pitch in. In “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” Raymond wrote, It’s fairly clear that one cannot code from the ground up in bazaar style. One can test, debug and improve in bazaar
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/GNU/Linux_naming_ controversy. The “Free speech” vs. “Free beer” argument is outlined at http://www.gnu.org/ philosophy/free-sw.htm. All quotations from “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” may be found in the online version at http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar/index.htm. Apache market share is tracked
The Year Without Pants: Wordpress.com and the Future of Work
by Scott Berkun · 9 Sep 2013 · 361pp · 76,849 words
of the debate over how to overcome the challenges of shipping good things is an idea referenced in the title of Eric Raymond's book The Cathedral and the Bazaar.1 The book, which is about observations on making software, raises a central question that is relevant to all work: Is it better to invest
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be there that the two big bets for the rest of my tenure as Team Social's lead would be made. Notes 1 Eric Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar (N.p.: Snowball Publishing, 2010). 2 Toni Schneider, “In Praise of Continuous Deployment: The WordPress.com Story,” May 19, 2010, http://toni.org/2010/05
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project management view of what good open source projects do. Many habits I witnessed at Automattic are described procedurally in his book. Eric Raymond's The Cathedral and the Bazaar (O'Reilly Media, 2001) I'd read years ago, but reread since the contrast Raymond defined was central to my observations. The greatest contribution to
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Bluehost Boren, Ryan Broken window theory Bubel, Anthony Budapest. See Company meeting (Budapest) BuddyPress Bugs, procedure for fixing Bureau of Socialization C Cafelog Cargo cult The Cathedral and the Bazaar(Raymond) Caturday Chaos: of ants; author's adjustment to; introduced at company meetings; welcome to Clarity CNET.com Collaboration tools Collectives Comments project. See Highlander
Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution
by Glyn Moody · 14 Jul 2002 · 483pp · 145,225 words
for Raymond, he has many other claims to fame other than almost co-inventing the World Wide Web. Probably his most important achievement, the essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar, which analyzes the success of Linux and open-source software, arose in part because of a CD-ROM that turned up on his doorstep in
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his ideas about how it might be possible to “do high quality software with a mob,” as he put it. The result was his essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar, which he wrote in late 1996 and finished in early 1997. As well as being freely available online, the essay has also been published in
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book form by O’Reilly & Associates, along with Raymond’s other essays. The Cathedral and the Bazaar begins with a challenge to the software world: “Linux is subversive.” Raymond then goes on to explain the basic metaphors of his paper: “I believed
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warned against the pitfalls of large-scale development projects also indirectly suggest ways of avoiding them—do things in a radically different manner. Much of The Cathedral and the Bazaar is about understanding how to realize that difference in practical terms. The next three aphorisms form the heart of Raymond’s paper. “Treating your users
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part. Once you have a bug characterized, it’s generally easy to fix it.” Raymond also offers some interesting thoughts on the extent to which The Cathedral and the Bazaar was restating something that Linus already knew. “My impression at the time was that he had those conclusions as latent knowledge, but that I was
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of what they had been doing for years would jump. And their energy level would jump with it.” Although there were more immediate effects of The Cathedral and the Bazaar, the ability to energize the hacker community was in itself a major achievement. At a stroke Raymond gave an already impressive movement new impetus, and
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the key to explaining one of the missing pieces of Raymond’s otherwise comprehensive explanation of the opensource process. In a follow-up essay to The Cathedral and the Bazaar, called Homesteading the Noosphere, Raymond explored an apparent paradox at the heart of open-source software: If everyone is free to take the code and
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happening, particularly as far as increasing people’s awareness was concerned. An important catalyst for these changes was the appearance of Eric Raymond’s essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar, which he had finished in January 1997. “One of the first people I bounced the paper off was Erik Troan,” Raymond explains. “He was a
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, on 20 August 1997. Larry Wall made his first idiosyncratic keynote, which bore the punning and yet descriptive title of ‘Perl Culture,’ and Raymond read The Cathedral and the Bazaar. This time, Raymond notes, there was a subtle difference to the response he received from that of the audience in Germany. “In the intervening couple
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quite enamoured with what was going on with Linux, and I’d begun to take interest in those things,” he recalls. “Eric Raymond’s paper [The Cathedral and the Bazaar] was clearly influential,” he notes, but it was just one more factor for Hahn. As with his Java Heresy Document, these ideas initially met with
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during the early days of KDE was the February 1997 Linux Kongress at Würzburg in Germany. This was where Eric Raymond first read his paper, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, to an international audience. Trolltech’s Haavard Nord gave a presentation, and so did Ettrich. Ettrich says that one factor that gave him the confidence
The Innovators: How a Group of Inventors, Hackers, Geniuses and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution
by Walter Isaacson · 6 Oct 2014 · 720pp · 197,129 words
graphical interface and tools to facilitate the networking of computers. Whenever there was a bug, someone somewhere stepped in to fix it. In his book The Cathedral and the Bazaar, Eric Raymond, one of the seminal theorists of the open software movement, propounded what he called “Linus’s Law”: “Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are
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of sports bettors on his site provided a more accurate morning line than any single expert could. He also was impressed by Eric Raymond’s The Cathedral and the Bazaar, which explained why an open and crowd-generated bazaar was a better model for a website than the carefully controlled top-down construction of a
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Penguin, or, Linux and the Nature of the Firm,” Yale Law Journal (2002), http://soc.ics.uci.edu/Resources/bibs.php?793. 138. Eric Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar (O’Reilly Media, 1999), 30. 139. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (originally published 1835–40; Packard edition), Kindle location 3041. 140. Torvalds and Diamond
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White,” Nov. 2, 2008, http://torvalds-family.blogspot.com/2008/11/black-and-white.html. 145. Torvalds and Diamond, Just for Fun, 163. 146. Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, 1. CHAPTER TEN: ONLINE 1. Lawrence Landweber email to the author, Feb. 5, 2014. 2. Ray Tomlinson, “The First Network Email,” http://openmap.bbn.com
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. 88. Jimmy Wales interview, conducted by Brian Lamb, C-SPAN, Sept. 25, 2005. 89. Author’s interview with Jimmy Wales; Eric Raymond, “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” first presented in 1997, reprinted in The Cathedral and the Bazaar (O’Reilly Media, 1999). 90. Richard Stallman, “The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource” (1999), http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia
Free as in Freedom
by Sam Williams · 16 Nov 2015
do."Torvalds has offered this quote in many different settings. To date, however, the quote's most notable appearance is in the Eric Raymond essay, "The Cathedral and the Bazaar" (May, 1997). Such laziness, while admirable from an efficiency perspective, was troubling from a political perspective. For one thing, it underlined the lack of an
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observations on paper. He crafted them into a speech, which he promptly delivered before a group of friends and neighbors in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Dubbed " The Cathedral and the Bazaar," the speech contrasted the management styles of the GNU Project with the management style of Torvalds and the kernel hackers. Raymond says the response was
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meant they were excited even after hearing the speech delivered through a language barrier." Eventually, Raymond would convert the speech into a paper, also titled "The Cathedral and the Bazaar." The paper drew its name from Raymond's central analogy. GNU programs were "cathedrals," impressive, centrally planned monuments to the hacker ethic, built to stand
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. 148 Chapter 13 Continuing the Fight For Richard Stallman, time may not heal all wounds, but it does provide a convenient ally. Four years after " The Cathedral and the Bazaar," Stallman still chafes over the Raymond critique. He also grumbles over Linus Torvalds' elevation to the role of world's most famous hacker. He recalls
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a biography. The news pleased me. Of all the publishing houses in the world, O'Reilly, the same company that had published Eric Raymond's The Cathedral and the Bazaar, seemed the most sensitive to the issues that had killed the earlier e-book. As a reporter, I had relied heavily on the O'Reilly
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at his own expense. Commercial publication had to await its author's 1918 death, whereupon it won the 1919 Pulitzer Prize. Eric S. Raymond 188 The Cathedral and the Bazaar The Cathedral and the Bazaar is an essay by Eric S. Raymond on software engineering methods, based on his observations of the Linux kernel development process and his experiences managing
What Algorithms Want: Imagination in the Age of Computing
by Ed Finn · 10 Mar 2017 · 285pp · 86,853 words
wonderful history of the rise of computation is titled Turing’s Cathedral. Another classic instantiation is Eric Raymond’s book on open source software development, The Cathedral and the Bazaar (Raymond was arguing for the more transparent bazaar model, rather than the top-down approach of the cathedral). But perhaps the best analogy was offered
Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge
by Cass R. Sunstein · 23 Aug 2006
aggregation in general? Many Working Minds / 171 Cathedrals and Bazaars / In a famous and illuminating essay, programmer Eric Raymond distinguished between two models of production: the cathedral and the bazaar.35 On one view, which Raymond himself initially accepted, computer software should be built in the fashion of cathedrals, which are carefully planned in advance
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to copy and distribute the underlying work. A number of record labels now use the Creative Commons License, and various books, including Eric Raymond’s The Cathedral and the Bazaar, do so as well. Lessig’s own book, Free Culture, was released on the Internet under a Creative Commons License. The day after its online
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composition on judicial behavior); Cass R. Sunstein et al., Are Judges Political?: An Empirical Analysis of the Federal Judiciary (Washington, DC: Brookings, 2006). Eric Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, 2d ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly, 2001), 30. 232 / Notes to Pages 12–15 18. These often are described as the judgments of “statisticized groups
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(MPL). The MPL provides that the open source code may be included in a larger work. Mozilla Public License 1.1 § 3.7. 26. Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, 30. 27. I draw here on the extremely illuminating discussion in Steven Weber, The Success of Open Source (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004), 171
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(2005): 100. 34. Ibid. 254 / Notes to Pages 167–71 35. See Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar. 36. Ibid., 21–22. 37. Here, too, I am grateful to Ethan Zuckerman for clarifying comments. 38. Eric Raymond, “Homesteading the Noosphere,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar, 67, 81, 110. 39. Ibid., 89. 40. I borrow here from Weber, The Success
WTF?: What's the Future and Why It's Up to Us
by Tim O'Reilly · 9 Oct 2017 · 561pp · 157,589 words
the very way that software was being written. In February 1997, at the Linux Kongress in Würzburg, Germany, hacker Eric Raymond delivered a paper, called “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” that electrified the Linux community. It laid out a theory of software development drawn from reflections on Linux and on Eric’s own experiences with
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, and learning as they go. Eric saw that something was changing in the way software was being developed, but in 1997, when he first delivered “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” it wasn’t yet clear that the principles he articulated would spread far beyond free software, beyond software development itself, shaping content sites like Wikipedia
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(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly, 2002). See also Richard Stallman, “The GNU Manifesto,” retrieved March 29, 2017, http://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.en.html. 8 “The Cathedral and the Bazaar”: Originally published at http://www.unterstein. net/su/docs/CathBaz.pdf. Book version: Eric S. Raymond, The Cathedral & the Bazaar (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly, 2001
Hacking Capitalism
by Söderberg, Johan; Söderberg, Johan;
it and more recently by social scientists. One of the most vocal insiders theorising about the hacker movement is Eric Raymond. In an influential article, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, he compares two opposing styles of software development. He contrasts the Cathedral model of conventional, centralised development with the Bazaar model of accessible, open development
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-source community and the repressive practices of Communism is nothing but a vicious and cynical fraud”. See Linux Today (November 11, 1999). 29. Eric Raymond, “The Cathedral and the Bazaar.” First Monday vol.3, no.3 (1998), 21. 30. HalloweenDocument I, www.opensource.org/halloweenl.php (accessed 2007-02-08). Halloween Document II, www.opensource
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(January 2003). Ravicher, Daniel. “Facilitating Collaborative Software Development: The Enforceability of Mass-Market Public Software Licenses.” Virginia Journal of Law & Technology (fall 2000). Raymond, Eric. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar.” First Monday vol.3, no.3 (March 1998a). ——— “Homesteading the Noosphere.” First Monday vol.3, no.10 (October 1998b). Samuelson, Pamela. “Regulation of Technologies to
Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations
by Clay Shirky · 28 Feb 2008 · 313pp · 95,077 words
using the internet made the early 1990s a much more fertile time for free software than any previous era. As Eric Raymond put it in “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” the essay that introduced open source to the world:Linux was the first project to make a conscious and successful effort to use the entire
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.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/articles/architecture_of_participation.html. Page 18: a plausible promise Eric Raymond’s seminal 1997 essay on open source software, “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” is at catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/ . Raymond’s writings on software and other topics are at www.catb.org/~esr/writings/ . Page 22
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Linux, as well as an excellent theoretical analysis of what makes open source projects work. Page 242: “The Cathedral and the Bazaar” As noted for chapter 1, Eric Raymond’s seminal 1998 essay on open source software, “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” is at catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/. Raymond’s writings on software and other topics is at
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