by Sarah Jaffe · 26 Jan 2021 · 490pp · 153,455 words
support art and craft workers, Bunten went to art school as an undergraduate and then as a graduate student at New York University; she did unpaid internships before landing a job at the Guggenheim and moving to consulting. “What happened for me personally was that it became clear that the work that
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us to a more valued job and something with good work conditions that are going to help us pay back our loans.” The expansion of unpaid internships in the public and nonprofit sector in Quebec, Marcoux said, has helped to make up for years of budget cuts to the government—budget cuts
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learn about public service. For several years during the New Deal era, the National Institute of Public Affairs—a nonpartisan, nongovernmental organization—ran a yearlong, unpaid internship program (eventually taken over by the Civil Service Commission) designed to bring new talent into civil service. 15 The model of unpaid on-the-job
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really took off, and it was also in the 1990s that the pushback against the spread of unpaid internships began. Architecture students, organizing with the American Institute of Architecture Students, began to protest the prevalence of unpaid internships in their field—one already known for its grueling educational programs. The organization lobbied other groups
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worked by employees it wasn’t paying. The students won $31,520 in back wages. 19 But none of that stopped the spread of the unpaid internship. As the modern work ethic shifted and a job went from being a mere necessity—the main pleasure of which, as Adam Smith wrote, was
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order to graduate. Some colleges even offer financial aid for unpaid interns, explicitly subsidizing the companies that take on their students. Meanwhile, students who do unpaid internships for college credit are often paying the university for the credits, literally paying in order to work. Internships, explained one professor who has researched the
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? If you aren’t an employee, say goodbye to what little legal protection you might have to sue. When Bridget O’Connor was doing an unpaid internship at Rockland Psychiatric Center in New York, one of the doctors referred to her as “Miss Sexual Harassment.” The doctor also made other sexual comments
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perhaps it is understandable that policymakers have not been quick to act in interns’ best interests: after all, many of their offices still run on unpaid internships. The offices of members of Congress and of the UK Parliament are filled with unpaid interns. Access to some of the most powerful people in
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a chance to learn the job,” what are they worth when one can no longer be in the workplace? 29 The real ground zero for unpaid internships—and for the publicity around them, as well as the highest-profile battles for justice—is in the arts and media industries, where competition is
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sheen of glamour hangs around the top jobs, where hope labor has always been the name of the game. The art world is filled with unpaid internships, though in 2019 the Board of Trustees of the Association of Art Museum Directors issued a resolution calling for museums to pay their interns. One
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as bad as the North Carolina zoo intern killed by an escaped lion, whose family told reporters she died “following her passion” on her fourth unpaid internship. Nevertheless, the interns have begun to rebel. Amalia Illgner, for example, announced, in the pages of The Guardian , that she was suing over her “dream
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taken the first step in legal proceedings to claim my unpaid wages,” Illgner wrote. In another example, Diana Wang sued over what was her seventh unpaid internship, also in journalism, at Harper’s Bazaar , alleging that Hearst (Bazaar ’s parent company) had violated federal and state labor laws by having her work
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’s lawsuit was launched in the midst of Occupy Wall Street, where downwardly mobile college graduates made up a large swath of the protesters, and unpaid internships (and student debt) were common complaints. In that political context, in 2013, a judge ruled that Glatt and another intern should have been paid; in
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. In France, interns struck against labor law reforms and won a modest wage, and protests against precarity in Germany centered on unpaid interns. Yet the unpaid internship persists: in the United States, in 2018, the Trump administration’s Labor Department issued guidelines easing companies’ path to hiring unpaid interns, lowering the bar
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AGAINST THE QUEBEC cold in the winter of 2019, tens of thousands of interns took to the streets bearing signs in French and English, decrying unpaid internships. “It’s not complicated, all labour deserves a fair wage,” “L’exploitation n’est pas une vocation” (Exploitation is not a vocation), and “Ne soyons
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. Inspired by the Wages for Housework movement, they began organizing in 2016 around the idea that school work, too, was a form of reproductive labor. Unpaid internships, then, were a natural target, particularly since they were most common in fields where women predominated. The CUTEs were given a boost by the victory
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strikes in 2012 had been around an issue that affected all students—tuition increases across the province. By contrast, the very gendered nature of the unpaid internships meant that only some students had a reason to take risks. The same ideology that the CUTEs criticized, the one that said women’s work
by Richard V. Reeves · 22 May 2017 · 198pp · 52,089 words
childhood experiences that were a precondition to being accepted, from decent K–12 schools to books at home to SAT tutors to volunteer trips to unpaid internships.37 This class skew in college admissions means that about half of the students at the most selective colleges—around 480 institutions38—come from the
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favor. In this chapter, I’ll look at three forms of opportunity hoarding in particular: exclusionary zoning, unfairness in college admissions, and the allocation of unpaid internships. This is obviously not a comprehensive list, partly because I have chosen to focus on some of the forms of opportunity hoarding with the strongest
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oversight of internships, to prevent abuse and to ensure that minimum wage and fair employment laws are properly enforced. This may reduce the number of unpaid internships, but that would be no bad thing given that they are generally of worse quality than paid internships.55 The protection of interns under the
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, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit declared that private companies (in this particular case, Fox Searchlight) were permitted to continue with unpaid internships so long as the intern derived more value from the arrangement than the employer.57 This decision is a setback for attempts to rein in
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gain no “immediate benefit” from the intern. Some observers wish we could be rid of unpaid internships altogether. The thoughtful Atlantic writer Derek Thompson wrestled at length with this question and came to a stark conclusion: “Unpaid internships aren’t morally defensible.”58 Thompson makes a good argument. I suspect that society would be
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fairer without unpaid internships. But abolition would be too draconian, illiberal, in fact. At least for the foreseeable future, then
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, unpaid internships will be with us. The challenge is to bring them within reach of less-affluent young adults
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/files/docs/handouts/2014-student-survey.pdf). 36. Ibid. 37. Quoted in Amy Scott, “Why the Unpaid Internship May Be on its Way Out,” Marketplace, May 5, 2014 (www.marketplace.org/2014/05/05/education/why-unpaid-internship-may-be-its-way-out). 38. “The Role of Higher Education in Career Development: Employer Perceptions
by Sarah Kendzior · 24 Apr 2015 · 172pp · 48,747 words
professional entry tightened and geographical proximity became valued. Fields where advanced degrees were once a rarity—art, creative writing—now view them as a requirement. Unpaid internships and unpaid labor are rampant, blocking off industry access for those who cannot work without pay in the world’s most expensive cities. * * * As digital
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the “jobless recovery,” nearly every sector of the economy has been decimated. Companies have turned permanent jobs into contingency labor, and entry-level positions into unpaid internships. Changing your major will not change a broken economy. People Devalued In the United States, 9 percent of computer science graduates are unemployed, and 14
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get a job”? To which the twenty-something laughs, having graduated into an economy where peers spend years vainly looking for a job, finding only unpaid internships or low-wage contingency labor, often while living at home. A funded graduate program, with health insurance, seems a welcome escape. “But it is not
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the set of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, a personal meeting with Ryan Seacrest, a tour of Jay Leno’s car collection. Or a six-week unpaid internship at the United Nations, where the recipient will “gain inside knowledge of just how the UN really operates.” The listed current bid? Twenty-two thousand
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a week for free in one of the most expensive cities in the world needs little help making connections. But that misconstrues the goal of unpaid internships: transforming personal wealth into professional credentials. For students seeking jobs at certain policy organizations, the way to get one’s foot in the door is
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experience an internship provides. Privilege is recast as perseverance. The end result hurts individuals struggling in the labor market but also restructures the market itself. Unpaid internships lock out millions of talented young people based on class alone. They send the message that work is not labor to be compensated with a
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.” The promotion of unpaid labor has already eroded opportunity—and quality—in fields like journalism and politics. A false meritocracy breeds mediocrity. Worst of all, unpaid internships in policy and human rights send the message that fighting poverty, inequality, and other issues of injustice is something that only rich people should do
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few want to acknowledge. Economic discrimination is often not visible. Nor are the people it leaves behind. What a relief it would be if every unpaid internship were an auction—if instead of a vague line about how the intern must “cover their own costs,” the organization would tally up those costs
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with the United Press Service. Helen Thomas worked her way up from the bottom. She did not buy her opportunities, because exorbitant journalism schools and unpaid internships did not exist. Her time in the service industry was not perceived as indicative of her abilities or her future path. Today, a reporter of
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Thomas’s modest background is out of luck. Journalist David Dennis argues that requiring unpaid internships shuts out voices from poor communities by denying those who hail from them the ability to work: “Opinions or perspectives reflecting my own come few
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of the past decade was that any employee can be arbitrarily deemed nonessential or unworthy of pay. In an era when entry-level jobs become unpaid internships and full-time jobs turn into contingency labor, it is easy to imagine the cuts from the sequester becoming permanent. Shutdown furloughs may turn into
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financial situation is linked to their parents’ financial situation. Millennials are chastised for leaning on elders, but the new rules of the economy demand it. Unpaid internships are often prerequisites to full-time jobs, and the ability to take them is based on money, not merit. Young adults who live off wealthy
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year’s college tuition than the average median income, universities ensure that poor people stay poor while debt-ridden graduates join their ranks. By requiring unpaid internships, professions such as journalism ensure positions of influence will be filled only by those who can pay for them. The cycle of privilege and privation
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means to prosperity, and the severing of opportunity to all but the most privileged. In a searing commentary, political analyst Joshua Foust notes that the unpaid internships, which were once limited to show business, have now spread to nearly every industry. “It’s almost impossible to get a job working on policy
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in this town without an unpaid internship,” he writes from Washington, D.C., one of the most expensive cities in the country. Even law, once a safety net for American strivers, is
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offer free tuition and a decent stipend. But academia’s reliance on adjuncts makes it no different than fields that cater to the elite through unpaid internships. Anthropologists are known for their attentiveness to social inequality, but few have acknowledged the plight of their peers. When I expressed doubt about the job
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six industries that saw job creation were in the lowest-paying fields. Meanwhile, in prestigious professions, entry-level jobs have been replaced with full-time, unpaid internships. Today’s youth are the best-educated generation in U.S. history. But opportunities are reserved only for those who can buy them. Young U
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news organizations denies legal protection not only to organizations like WikiLeaks, but also to the writers and bloggers who cannot afford the exorbitant credentials and unpaid internships that provide entry into the trade. “The journalists who can tell my story—the story of urban or inner-city America—have taken a job
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salary that, in New York City, still locks out the majority of applicants. Only the rich can afford to write about the poor. Protests against unpaid internships—and unpaid writing, a practice common in publications like The Atlantic and the Huffington Post—are on the rise. But the bulk of journalists remain
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writer C. Z. Nnaemeka called an “unexotic underclass” whose problems go ignored. Categorizing the complainers breeds hypocrisy in wealthy nations—where debt-burdened graduates work unpaid internships for NGO’s claiming to promote fairness—and the dehumanization of people in poorer countries, who are treated as charity cases without minds of their
by Craig Lambert · 30 Apr 2015 · 229pp · 72,431 words
gigs, are where young people learn how to hold down a real job. (That means a job with wages—not a volunteer job, not an unpaid internship, not an NGO project in a developing country.) This is where they learn to show up on time, appropriately dressed and groomed, with a professional
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2008 strengthened the intern trend. Managers economized by replacing full-time jobs with internships, solidifying unemployment in some areas. They also cut expenses by substituting unpaid internships for paid ones. Internships can become little more than a way for employers to sidestep labor laws. For their part, the interns supposedly learn something
by Anne Helen Petersen · 14 Jan 2021 · 297pp · 88,890 words
should do what you love, no matter the cost, faded away. Sofia, a white woman who grew up “privileged as fuck,” had a string of unpaid internships at small museums and Sotheby’s before graduating from a small liberal arts college with a degree in art history. But it was 2009, and
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a promised job at Sotheby’s suddenly evaporated. She applied for hundreds of paid and unpaid internships in New York and Chicago; she finally got a single interview with a theater company and took it, knowing that her parents could help support
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was that networking, nepotism, and insider connections are largely the only way to get a job,” she said. “And even then, that job was an unpaid internship.” And yet, that internship led to a paid internship, which eventually led her to a PhD program. But before she got that far, Sofia helped
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cover rent, groceries, utilities, and books: first at Santa Monica Community College, then at UCLA, and finally at law school. When the prospect of the unpaid internship came up at the United Nations, she knew she had to take it—even if it meant taking out student loans (i.e., paying) to
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do work for free. “Exposure does not pay bills,” Panichkul wrote, in a post entitled “Unpaid Internships Keep Women Like Me Out of the Legal Field.” “Experience doesn’t cover rent. It doesn’t pay for my transportation to get to my
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, 70 Hiba, journalist, 86–87 Jess, nonprofit foster care job, 89 Michael, creative work, 70 Rooney, meaningful work, 70 Samantha, grocery store manager, 88 Sofia, unpaid internships, 79–80, 89 Stephanie, writing for free, 75–77 Jobs, Steve, 69 jobs anecdotes, race and identity Black, 70 Latina, 72 Middle Eastern, 82 mixed
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–4, 106, 112, 114 Stockton, Nick, 170 Stoller, Matt, 105 St. Pierre, Maurice A., 16 student debt race and class experience, xxiv risk shift, 13 unpaid internships and, 80 See also college financing Stulberg, Brad, 170 subcontracted workers, 108–11 Sum of Small Things, The (Currid-Halkett), 192 support workers, 187–88
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–6 passion questioned, 72–73 replaced by competition, 74 right-to-work laws, 15, 40 See also capitalism, free market; subcontracted workers Unite Here, 111 “Unpaid Internships Keep Women Like Me Out of the Legal Field,” 80 Up in the Air (movie), 101 Upwork, 144 Vanity Fair, 169 Venkatesh, Rashmi, 247 Vox
by Joanna Biggs · 8 Apr 2015 · 255pp · 92,719 words
’t disappear. C had found the Future Interns online. She had spent the two years since graduating from a prestigious South Asian university going from unpaid internship to unpaid internship at international NGOs across the world. She was now 23. After South-East Asia and Scotland, the UK appealed: ‘I wanted to experience something
by Guy Standing · 27 Feb 2011 · 209pp · 89,619 words
: Report of the National Equality Panel, London: Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion and the Government Equalities Office. Needleman, S. (2009), ‘Starting Fresh with an Unpaid Internship’, Wall Street Journal, 16 July, p. D1. Nink, M. (2009), ‘It’s Always about the Boss’, Gallup Management Journal, 25 November. Obinger, J. (2009), ‘Working
by Joseph C. Sternberg · 13 May 2019 · 336pp · 95,773 words
colleague at the Wall Street Journal and I wrote an op-ed about how we had benefited earlier in our careers from opportunities to take unpaid internships. Those “jobs” had given us a foot in the door in a competitive field, and had reduced the element of financial risk for employers in
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that have helped push more and more investment into the gig economy in the first place. And in 2010, the Obama administration cracked down on unpaid internships by imposing a strict new legal standard that made it almost impossible for employers to avoid paying interns. That might have prevented some of the
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, 137, 162–164, 223–234 Millennials and, 64, 218–219, 224 policies and, 18, 19, 24, 64, 73, 93–94, 97–101 regulation and, 229 unpaid internships and, 73 See also Affordable Care Act/Obamacare Obamacare. See Affordable Care Act/Obamacare Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria election to Congress, 211 as Millennial, 211, 219
by Sam Friedman and Daniel Laurison · 28 Jan 2019
pay gap 53fig education 37 female representation 42fig micro-class reproduction 34, 35fig privilege 32, 33fig, 54, 85 progression in 19 racial-ethnic representation 41fig unpaid internships 234 Lawler, S. 18, 51, 308n15 Lawler, S. and Payne, G. 302n6 legal protection 237–8 Lexmond, J. and Reeves, R. 302n11 LFS (Labour Force
by Lauren A. Rivera · 3 May 2015 · 497pp · 130,817 words
tuition and living expenses. Freed from the need for paid employment, students from well-off families can concentrate on academic and social activities and accept unpaid internships, all of which can facilitate college success, valuable social connections, and future employment opportunities.28 Those who have to work part- or full-time to
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